ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION METRIC OPSS 906 FEBRUARY 1993 CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL 906.01 SCOPE 906.02 REFERENCES 906.03 DEFINITIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS 906.04 SUBMISSION AND DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 906.04.01 Submissions - General.02 Submission of Erection Diagrams, Shop Details and Welding Procedures.03 Submission of Erection Procedure.04 Submission of Mill Test Reports.05 Symbols for Welding and Non Destructive Testing 906.05 MATERIALS 906.05.01 Steel.02 High Strength Bolts, Nuts and Washers.03 Electrodes 906.05.03.01 General.02 Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW).03 Storage and Conditioning of Electrodes.04 Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding (SAW).05 Electrodes and Shielding for Gas Metal Arc and Flux Cored Arc Welding (GMAW and FCAW) 906.05.04 Welding Filler Metals.05 Shear Connectors.06 Identification of Structural Steel.07 Bearings 906.06 Not Used 906.07 CONSTRUCTION 906.07.01 Welded Construction 906.07.01.01 General Requirements Page 1 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
906.07.01.01.01 Certification of Fabrication Company.02 Electrodes.03 Welding of Stud Shear Connectors.04 Welding Procedures - Condition of Prequalification.05 Selection of Type of Groove and Welding Procedures.06 Complete Joint Penetration Groove Welds.07 Web to Flange Fillet Welds 906.07.01.02 Electrodes, Workmanship and Techniques 906.07.01.02.01 General.02 Preparation of Material.03 Inspection and Repair of Planar Edge Discontinuities.04 Assembly.05 Workmanship Tolerances.06 Tack Welds.07 Temporary Welds.08 Groove Weld Backing.09 Termination of Groove Welds.10 Details of Welding Procedures.11 Control of Distortion and Shrinkage Stresses.12 Preheat, Interpass Temperature and Heat Input Control.13 Dimensional Tolerances.14 Profile of Welds.15 Corrections.16 Peening.17 Stress Relief - Heat Treatment.18 Cleaning of Welds.19 Arc Strikes 906.07.01.03 Welding Inspection 906.07.01.03.01 Identification Cards - Canadian Welding Bureau 906.07.01.04 Welding Repairs.05 Details of Welding Procedure Requirements for Prequalified Joints.06 Quality of Welds 906.07.02 Bolted Construction 906.07.02.01 General.02 Assembly and Inspection.03 Trial Assembly 906.07.03 Transportation and Delivery 906.07.03.01 General.02 Advertising While in Transit 906.07.04 Erection 906.07.04.01 General.02 Connections.03 Bearings Page 2 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
906.07.05 Attachments.06 Coatings 906.08 QUALITY ASSURANCE 906.08.01 Non-Destructive Testing.02 Inspection Reports.03 Identification of Structural Steel 906.09 Not Used 906.10 BASIS OF PAYMENT 906.10.01 Fabrication and Coating of Structural Steel.02 Delivery of Structural Steel.03 Erection of Structural Steel.04 Shop Inspection and Testing 906.01 SCOPE This specification covers the requirements for the fabrication, delivery and erection of structural steel for highway bridges. 906.02 REFERENCES This specification makes reference to the following standards, specifications or publications: General Conditions Ontario Provincial Standard Specifications, Construction: OPSS 911 OPSS 922 Coating Structural Steel Installation of Bearings Ontario Provincial Standard Specifications, Material: OPSS 1202 OPSS 1203 Bearings - Elastomeric Plain and Steel Laminated Bearings - Rotational and Sliding Surface Canadian Standards Association Standards: B95-1962 - Surface Texture (Roughness, Waviness and Lay) CAN/CSA G40.20-M92 - General Requirements for Rolled or Welded Structural Quality Steel CAN/CSA G40.21-M92 - Structural Quality Steels CAN3 S16.1-M89 - Steel Structures for Buildings (Limit States Design) W47.1-1992 - Certification of Companies for Fusion Welding of Steel Structures W48.1-M1991 - Mild Steel Covered Arc Welding Electrodes Page 3 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
W48.3-M82 - Low-Alloy Steel Arc Welding Electrodes W48.4-M80 - Solid Mild Steel Filler Metals for Gas Shielded Arc Welding W48.5-M90 - Mild Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding W48.6-M80 - Bare Mild Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding W48.7-M77 - Diffusible Hydrogen in Mild Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Weld Metals: Test Methods W59-M89 - Welded Steel Construction (Metal Arc Welding) W178-1973 - Qualification Code for Welding Inspection Organizations W178.2-1990 - Certification of Welding Inspectors American Society for Testing and Materials Standards: A325-M91 - High-Strength Bolts for Structural Steel Joints (Metric) F436-M90 - Hardened Steel Washers A490-M91a - High-Strength Steel Bolts, Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel Joints (Metric) A563-M90 - Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts American National Standards Institute/America Welding Society Standards: A5.23-90 - Specification for Bare Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding A5.28-79(R90) - Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Filler Metals for Gas Shielded Arc Welding A5.29-80(R89) - Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding. Ministry of Transportation Publications: Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code, 1983 906.03 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this specification, the following definitions apply: Bearing Contact Area: means two planes which are in contact or have a separation between them not exceeding 0.12 mm. Erection Diagrams: means drawings showing the dimensioned layout of the steel structure, from which shop details are made, and which correlate the fabricator's piece markings with the location in the structure. Flush: means a profile of weld reinforcement in which there is a smooth gradual transition between base and weld metal involving grinding where necessary. Weld reinforcement not exceeding 1 mm in height, may remain on each surface, unless the weld is part of a faying surface when all reinforcement shall be removed. Fracture Critical Member: means a member, including attachments, in a single load path structure, which is subject to tensile stress and whose failure could lead to collapse of the structure. Page 4 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
Primary Tension Member: means a member including attachments, which are subject to tension stress. Proposal: means a Contractor's submission of changes, where engineering design is required, affecting either the original design or shipping, as stipulated in this specification. Smooth: means a profile of weld reinforcement, in which the surface finish or weld reinforcement has sufficient smooth gradual transition, involving grinding where necessary. Weld reinforcement not exceeding the following limits, may remain on each surface: For plate thickness 50 mm, 2 mm For plate thickness > 50 mm, 3 mm 906.04 SUBMISSION AND DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 906.04.01 Submissions - General Proposals by the Contractor shall bear the seal and signature of an Engineer. 906.04.02 Submission of Erection Diagrams, Shop Details and Welding Procedures Four weeks before the commencement of fabrication, the Contractor shall submit to the Contract Administrator, two copies of erection diagrams, shop details and welding procedures, which shall include the following: a. All necessary specifications for the materials to be used; b. The surfaces to receive special treatment; and c. Clear identification of fracture critical and primary tension members. One stamped copy of the erection diagrams and shop details will be returned to the Contractor. The Contractor shall then submit eight copies of the stamped erection diagrams and shop details to the Contract Administrator. 906.04.03 Submission of Erection Procedure Erection procedures shall bear the seal and signature of an Engineer. Four weeks before commencement of erection, the Contractor shall submit to the Contract Administrator, two copies of the erection procedures, including lifting point locations and details of all temporary supports. One stamped copy of the erection procedures will be returned to the Contractor. The Contractor shall then submit six copies of the stamped erection procedures to the Contract Administrator. 906.04.04 Submission of Mill Test Reports Prior to fabrication two copies of mill test reports for all materials, certifying that the material conforms to the Contract, shall be submitted to the Contract Administrator. 906.04.05 Symbols for Welding and Non-Destructive Testing Symbols for welding and non-destructive testing on shop drawings shall conform to clause 3.4 of CSA W59 -M. Page 5 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
906.05 MATERIALS 906.05.01 Steel Structural steel shall conform to CAN/CSA G40.21-M. 906.05.02 High Strength Bolts, Nuts and Washers High strength bolts shall be supplied with heavy hex nuts and one hardened washer per bolt. The bolts shall conform to ASTM A325M or A490M. The nuts shall be of heavy hex type conforming to ASTM A563M suitable for use with ASTM A325M or A490M bolts of the type specified. Hardened washer shall conform to ASTM F436M, suitable for use with ASTM A325M or A490M bolts of the type specified. 906.05.03 Electrodes 906.05.03.01 General Electrodes shall conform to clauses 5.2.1.1 to 5.2.1.5, inclusive, of CSA W59-M, with references only to Tables 12-1, 12-2a, and 12-2b, and to the following CAN/CSA G40.21-M steel grades: 260W; 260WT; 300W; 300WT; 350WT; 350A; 350AT; 400WT; 400A; 400AT; 480WT; 480A; 480AT; 700Q; and 700QT. 906.05.03.02 Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) Electrodes for shielded metal arc welding shall be of the basic type conforming to CSA W48.1-M or CSA W48.3-M, as applicable. 906.05.03.03 Storage and Conditioning of Electrodes Storage and conditioning of electrodes shall conform to clauses 5.2.2.3.1, 5.2.2.3.3, and 5.2.2.3.4 of CSA W59-M. 906.05.03.04 Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) Electrodes and fluxes for submerged arc welding shall conform to clause 5.2.3 of CSA W59-M. 906.05.03.05 Electrodes and Shielding for Gas Metal Arc and Flux Cored Arc Welding (GMAW and FCAW) Electrodes and shielding for gas metal arc and flux cored arc welding shall conform to clauses 5.2.4.1 to 5.2.4.6, inclusive, of CSA W59-M. Only controlled hydrogen (CH) designation electrodes shall be used for the flux cored arc welding process (FCAW). 906.05.04 Welding Filler Metals Filler metals shall conform to clause 906.07.01.01.02 of this specification. The Charpy V-Notch (CVN) energy requirements for the weld metal in fracture critical and primary tension members shall be as specified in the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code, Section 11, Appendix A11.1, Clause 1.1. Colour and/or corrosion matching shall be as specified in the Contract. Page 6 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
906.05.05 Shear Connectors Shear connectors shall be of a headed stud type conforming to Appendix "H" of CSA W59M. 906.05.06 Identification of Structural Steel Identification of structural steel shall conform to clause 29.6 of CAN3-S16.1-M. In addition, fracture critical and primary tension members shall be identified such that the components of each member are traceable to material test reports which indicate the required toughness properties. 906.05.07 Bearings Bearings shall conform to OPSS 1202 and/or OPSS 1203. 906.07 CONSTRUCTION 906.07.01 Welded Construction 906.07.01.01 General Requirements The fabrication weld metal requirements, base metal repairs and repair of welds in fracture critical and primary tension members shall be in accordance with the requirements of the Ontario Bridge Code, Section 11, Appendix A 11.1 906.07.01.01.01 Certification of Fabrication Company The company undertaking welded fabrication under subsection 906.07.01, shall be certified in conformance to Division 1 or Division 2 of CSA W47.1. 906.07.01.01.02 Electrodes Electrodes shall conform to the applicable standard of the CSA W48 series on welding electrodes, or the AWS A5 specifications for filler metals. 906.07.01.01.03 Welding of Stud Shear Connectors Stud welding shall conform to clause 3.1.2.2 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.01.04 Welding Procedures - Condition of Prequalification Welding procedures - conditions of prequalification shall conform to clause 3.1.3 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.01.05 Selection of Type of Groove and Welding Procedures Selection of type of groove and welding procedures shall conform to clause 3.1.4 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.01.06 Complete Joint Penetration Groove Welds Complete joint penetration groove welds shall conform to clause 10.1.1 of CSA W59-M. Unless produced with the aid of steel backing, the root of the initial weld shall be gouged, chipped or otherwise removed to sound metal before welding is started from the other side. Complete joint penetration groove welds not conforming to clause 10.1.1 of CSA W59-M, may be used on web splices with the approval of the Contract Administrator, who may specify additional inspection requirements. Page 7 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
906.07.01.01.07 Web to Flange Fillet Welds Where practical, web to flange fillet welds shall be made continuously by machine or automatic welding. Welds, when corrected, shall blend smoothly into the adjacent welds. When corrected by welding, a semiautomatic or manual process may be used. 906.07.01.02 Electrodes, Workmanship and Techniques 906.07.01.02.01 General Electrodes, workmanship and techniques shall conform to clause 5.1 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.02.02 Preparation of Material a. The preparation of edges by oxygen cutting shall be done by machine whenever practical. b. All cut edges which are not to be welded, shall have a roughness not greater than 1 000 in conformance to CSA B95 and clause 5.3.2 of CSA W59-M. When welding is to be used to repair notches of cut edges of fracture critical and primary tension members, the requirements of the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code, Section 11, Appendix A11.1 shall apply. c. All surfaces and edges of materials to be welded shall conform to clause 5.3.1 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.02.03 Inspection and Repair of Planar Edge Discontinuities Inspection and repair of planar discontinuities shall conform to clause 5.3.3 of CSA W59-M. Inspection and repair of planar edge discontinuities in fracture critical and primary tension members, shall conform to the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code, Section 11, Appendix A11.1. 906.07.01.02.04 Assembly Assembly shall conform to clauses 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.4.3 and 5.4.6 of CSA W59-M and the following: a. Bearing stiffeners shall be vertical under full dead load. b. Intermediate stiffeners may be either vertical or perpendicular to fabrication worklines, depending on the fabricators practice. c. Bearing stiffeners fitted to bear shall have a minimum bearing contact area of 50% and the separation of any remaining portions will not exceed 0.5 mm, except locally at the tips of the bearing stiffeners where a separation of.75 mm is permissible. Fitted intermediate stiffeners shall have a minimum bearing contact area of 25%, and a maximum separation of 2 mm. 906.07.01.02.05 Workmanship Tolerances Workmanship tolerances shall conform to clauses 5.4.5.1 and 5.4.5.2 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.02.06 Tack Welds Tack welds shall conform to clause 5.4.7 of CSA W59-M. Tack welds shall not be used on fracture critical or primary tension members unless they are incorporated into the final weld. Page 8 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
906.07.01.02.07 Temporary Welds Temporary welds shall conform to clauses 5.4.8 and 12.5.5 of CSA W59-M. Temporary welds on fracture critical, primary tension members and flange material in compression will not be permitted. Extension bars, when attached to flanges, shall have the welds placed inside the joint, so that they can be welded over and fused into the final joint. 906.07.01.02.08 Groove Weld Backing Groove weld backing shall conform to clauses 5.4.9 and 12.5.2 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.02.09 Termination of Groove Welds Termination of groove welds shall conform to clauses 5.5.1.2 and 12.5.1 of CSA W59-M. For groove welds in butt joints extension bars shall be used. 906.07.01.02.10 Details of Welding Procedures Welding procedures shall conform to the following clauses of CSA W59-M: a. Clause 5.5.1 "General", where reference to Clause 5 shall only be considered; b. Clause 5.5.2 "Shielded Metal Arc Welding" (SMAW); c. Clause 5.5.3 "Submerged Arc Welding" (SAW); d. Clause 5.5.4 "Gas Metal and Flux Cored Arc Welding" (GMAW) and (FCAW); e. Appendix "H" and Clause 5.5.6, "Stud Welding" (STW), but with the exclusion of Clause 5.5.6.5.2. 906.07.01.02.11 Control of Distortion and Shrinkage Stresses Control of distortion and shrinkage stresses conform to clause 5.6 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.02.12 Preheat, Interpass Temperature and Heat Input Control Preheat, interpass temperature and heat input control shall conform to clause 5.7 of CSA W59-M. In the case of welding repairs of fracture critical and primary tension members, the preheat requirements of the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code, Section 11, Appendix A11.1, shall apply. 906.07.01.02.13 Dimensional Tolerances Dimensional tolerances shall conform to clause 5.9 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.02.14 Profile of Welds Profile of welds shall conform to clause 5.9 of CSA W59-M. Groove welds in web splices shall have a flush weld reinforcement profile for a distance of 1/3 of the web depth from the tension flange, if the flange also requires a flush weld reinforcement profile. Page 9 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
906.07.01.02.15 Corrections Corrections shall conform to clause 5.10 of CSA W59-M. For fracture critical and primary tension members, the requirements of the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code, Section 11, Appendix A11.1, shall apply. Webs shall be cut to the specified camber, with suitable allowance for shrinkage due to cutting and subsequent welding. Mechanical means, or heat, may be used to correct the shape or straighten a welded member. If such a member is a fracture critical or primary tension member, the prior approval of the Contract Administrator is necessary. Such corrections shall conform to clause 5.10.5 of CSA W59-M, with the additional requirement that any steel members subject to such correction shall be allowed to cool in still air. 906.07.01.02.16 Peening Peening shall conform to clause 5.11 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.02.17 Stress Relief - Heat Treatment Stress relief - heat treatment shall conform to clause 5.12 of CSA W59-M. Temperatures shall be recorded using thermo-couples or other accepted methods. A record of the heat treating operation, showing temperature and time data, shall be maintained and made available to the Contract Administrator upon request. 906.07.01.02.18 Cleaning of Welds Cleaning of welds shall conform to clause 5.13 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.02.19 Arc Strikes The treatment of arc strikes shall conform to clause 5.14 of CSA W59-M. Arc strikes in fracture critical and primary tension members, shall be repaired in accordance with the provisions of Clause A 2.2.4, Section 11, Appendix A11.1 of the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code. 906.07.01.03 Welding Inspection 906.07.01.03.01 Identification Cards - Canadian Welding Bureau Prior to commencement of welding, the Contractor shall make available to the Contract Administrator, the Canadian Welding Bureau's transferable or non-transferable identification cards for each tacker, welder or welding operator, to be employed on the work. Such identification cards shall be currently valid and shall indicate the welding process and the positions which the personnel are qualified to weld. In addition, the provisions of Clauses 7.1.4, 7.1.6 and 7.3 of CSA W59-M shall also apply. 906.07.01.04 Welding Repairs All welding repairs, involving fracture critical or primary tension members, shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code, Section 11, Appendix A11.1. Page 10 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
906.07.01.05 Details of Welding Procedure Requirements for Prequalified Joints Details of welding procedure requirements for prequalified joints shall conform to clause 10 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.01.06 Quality of Welds The quality of welds shall conform to Clause 12.5.4 of CSA W59-M. 906.07.02 Bolted Construction 906.07.02.01 Assembly and Inspection The assembly and inspection of Joints, using ASTM A325M or A490M bolts, shall be in accordance with the provisions of Clause 22 of CAN3 S16.1-M, except that "Turn-of-Nut" tightening shall be the only installation method used. 906.07.02.03 Trial Assembly All bolted splices shall be sub-punched or sub-drilled, put together in the shop and then reamed, unless put together and drilled from the solid. 906.07.03 Transportation and Delivery 906.07.03.01 General The Contractor shall perform all work necessary to ensure safe delivery and storage of structural steel at the site specified in the Contract. Structural steel shall be loaded for shipping in such a manner that it can be transported and unloaded at its destination without being excessively stressed, deformed or otherwise damaged. Plate girders shall be transported with their webs in a vertical plane. Structural steel, when stored, shall be stockpiled to avoid excessive stress deformation or other damage. Not less than 7 days before any shipping begins, the Contractor shall provide the Contract Administrator with the delivery schedule. 906.07.03.02 Advertising While in Transit Advertising, by means of removable signs, insignias, etc., is permitted on elements only while in transit to the specified site. Painting of advertisements directly on elements, will not be permitted. 906.07.04 Erection 906.07.04.01 General Erection shall not commence until Erection Procedures submitted in conformance to Subsection 906.04.03 have been returned, stamped, by the Contract Administrator. The Contractor shall notify the Contract Administrator in writing of the starting date at least two weeks prior to the commencement of field operations and work shall not be carried out until the Contract Administrator is on the site. Repairs to erected material will only be permitted when the procedure is approved by the Contract Administrator. Page 11 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
Welding shall not be used to fill misplaced holes. The Contractor shall not use any of the material intended for use in the finished structure for erection or temporary purposes unless such use is provided for on the plans or authorized by the Contract Administrator. Excessive hammering which will injure or distort the members will not be permitted. Surfaces to be in permanent contact shall be cleaned just prior to assembly. 906.07.04.02 Connections Holes to be made in the field, shall only be drilled or reamed. At the time of erection all splice plates shall be free of all contamination such as burrs, drillings, oil, dirt and paint. The installation of high strength bolts, nut and washers shall conform to clause 906.07.02.02. The Contractor shall correct minor misfits, except splices of main material, on using minor amounts of reaming, cutting, clipping and shimming. Any error in shop fabrication, or any deformation resulting from handling or transportation, which prevents the proper assembly and fitting of parts, especially splices of main material, shall be reported to the Contract Administrator for approval of the method of correction. 906.07.04.03 Bearings The installation of bearings shall conform to OPSS 922. 906.07.05 Attachments Attachments making use of tack welds which are not part of the welds shown in the contract, will not be permitted on any portion of the girders. 906.07.06 Coatings The coating of new structural steel shall conform to OPSS 911. 906.08 QUALITY ASSURANCE 906.08.01 Non-Destructive Testing Radiographic, ultrasonic or magnetic particle testing, will be carried out by the Owner using procedures in conformance to clause 8 of CSA W59-M, and acceptance criteria in conformance to clauses 12.5.4.3 and 12.5.4.4 of CSA W59-M. Non-destructive testing of welds will be performed according to the following: a. Butt Joints in Tension Flanges - by radiographic or ultrasonic methods; b. Butt Joints in Compression Flanges - by radiographic or ultrasonic methods at a frequency of one joint in four; c. Butt Joints in Webs - by radiographic or ultrasonic methods for a distance of at least 1/3 of the web depth from the tension flange; and d. Fillet Welds - by magnetic particle methods. Page 12 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906
Radiographic and ultrasonic testing shall be performed prior to the assembly of the flange to the webs. Non-destructive testing of repairs to fracture critical and primary tension members will be in accordance with the provisions of the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code, Section 11, Appendix A11.1. The Contractor shall give the Contract Administrator not less than 24 hours notice of when the work is ready for testing. Such notice shall include the type and quantity of work to be tested. 906.08.02 Inspection Reports Copies of all inspection reports will be made available on request. 906.08.03 Identification of Structural Steel The Inspector will verify that the identification marks are applied to the correct material of correct heat number. 906.10 BASIS OF PAYMENT 906.10.01 Fabrication of Structural Steel - Item Payment at the contract price for the item "Fabrication of Structural Steel" shall be full compensation for all labour, equipment and material to fabricate the structural steel including the bearings when there is no separate tender item. 906.10.02 Delivery of Structural Steel - Item Payment at the contract price for the item "Delivery of Structural Steel" shall be full compensation for all labour, equipment and materials to load at the shop, transport to the site specified in the Contract, unload and stockpile if necessary, the structural steel including the bearings when there is no separate item. 906.10.03 Erection of Structural Steel - Item Payment at the contract price for the item "Erection of Structural Steel" shall be full compensation for all labour, equipment and materials to erect the structural steel including the installation of bearings when there is no separate item. 906.10.04 Shop Inspection and Testing Costs for electric power, scaffolding, protection from the weather and access for material testing and inspection shall be included with the appropriate tender items. The Owner will bear the cost of shop inspection and initial testing where such inspection and testing is required subject to the provisions of the General Conditions. All costs, including inspection and testing, associated with correction or repair of rejectable defects shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. Page 13 Rev. Date: 02/1993 OPSS 906