SUPPLY OF SSS AND RAIL FREIGHT SERVICES

OCTOBER 2016 SUPPLY OF SSS AND RAIL FREIGHT SERVICES AT SPANISH PORTS

01. SSS SERVICES CHARACTERISATION 02. PORT CONNECTIVITY INDEX 03. SSS FLEET ANALYSIS IN SPAIN 04. SSS BY SPANISH COASTLINE 05. MOTORWAYS OF THE SEA 06. SSS ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY 07. SSS ALTERNATIVE TO ROAD TRANSPORT 08. RAIL FREIGHT SERVICES AT PORTS METHODOLOGICAL NOTES

17Rail Freight Terminals 6 25 Rail Freight Terminals at Ports Ports of Origin 719 Vessels 117 32Countries Ports of Destination 4 Rail freight companies 76 Sea carriers 32 Rail freight services 167 SSS services 4 Motorways of the Sea 9,142 Calls 3

01.SSS SERVICES CHARACTERISATION 15% 14% 9% 167 services 62% 74% SSS 26% SSS services with interoceanic calls 0,7 1,0 1,4 9,0 Weekly departures Figure 1. SSS services by type of freight Figure 2. SSS services with interoceanic calls Figure 3. Average frequency of SSS services by type of freight CAR-CARRIER CONTAINER ROPAX RORO 4

01. SSS SERVICES CHARACTERISATION BARCELONA VALENCIA ALGECIRAS CASTELLÓN VIGO BILBAO SANTANDER LAS PALMAS G.C. SAGUNTO ALICANTE ALMERÍA GIJÓN TARRAGONA CARTAGENA MOTRIL PASAJES S.C. TENERIFE CÁDIZ FERROL GANDÍA HUELVA MÁLAGA MELILLA SEVILLA VILAGARCÍA 50 13 76 sea carriers Figure 5. Sea carriers offering SSS services by type of freight Average of sea carriers by service 2 12 10 1 1 1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Figure 4. Ranking of Spanish ports according to the number of SSS services by type of freight CAR-CARRIER CONTAINER ROPAX RORO 5

02.PORT CONNECTIVITY INDEX CONTAINER origin 2015 origin 2015 VALENCIA 100 BARCELONA 100 BARCELONA 78.63 RORO FREIGHT VALENCIA 64.27 ALGECIRAS 77.12 ALGECIRAS 63.00 CASTELLÓN 27.63 SANTANDER 52.06 LAS PALMAS G. C 27.05 CASTELLÓN 37.25 BILBAO 24.46 VIGO 33.27 VIGO 19.24 BILBAO 30.35 GIJÓN 13.19 SAGUNTO 22.38 TARRAGONA 12.62 ALICANTE 20.01 CARTAGENA 11.03 ALMERÍA 19.99 S. C. TENERIFE 8.14 FERROL 19.64 CÁDIZ 4.63 MOTRIL 18.45 SEVILLA 4.20 CARTAGENA 13.50 HUELVA 3.93 PASAJES 11.81 GANDÍA 3.86 ALICANTE 3.80 ALMERÍA 2.78 MELILLA 2.69 VILAGARCÍA 2.52 PASAJES 1.82 Figure 6. Port connectivity index by type of freight 6

02. PORT CONNECTIVITY INDEX FERROL 7 GIJÓN 11 SANTANDER 15 BILBAO 24 9 PASAJES 3 6 VIGO 13 BARCELONA TARRAGONA 6 CASTELLÓN 42 27 32 5 SAGUNTO VALENCIA 6 53 21 S.C.TENERIFE 7 LAS PALMAS G.C. 17 SEVILLA 7 MOTRIL ALMERÍA 3 CARTAGENA 19 3 ALGECIRAS 3 46 Figure 7. Ranking of Spanish ports according to the number of connected ports of destination CONTAINER RORO FREIGHT > 40 16-40 1-15 Ports of destination 7

03.SSS FLEET ANALYSIS IN SPAIN 719 vessels 70 60 537 119 164 185 69 50 88 42 17 71 12 30 Number of vessels 40 30 33 15 18 20 19 18 1 0-150 150-250 250-350 >350 Length (metres) Figure 8. Number of vessels by length and type of freight 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Vessel age (years) Figure 9. Number of vessels according to vessel age CAR-CARRIER CONTAINER ROPAX RORO GENERAL CARGO 8

GIJÓN SANTANDER 03. SSS FLEET ANALYSIS IN SPAIN FERROL BILBAO PASAJES VILAGARCÍA VIGO BARCELONA TARRAGONA CASTELLÓN SAGUNTO S.C.TENERIFE VALENCIA GANDÍA LAS PALMAS G.C. ALICANTE CARTAGENA SEVILLA HUELVA ALMERÍA CÁDIZ MOTRIL ALGECIRAS > 1,000 500-1,000 <500 Calls MELILLA > 7.5 7.5-3 < 3 Capacity in DWT (millions) Figure 10. Adjusted capacity offered in DWT and number of calls by Spanish port CONTAINER RORO FREIGHT 9

04.SSS BY SPANISH COASTLINE ATLANTIC COASTLINE 36 SERVICES 24 OCEAN CARRIERS 12 origin PORTS 47 destination 1.3 Weekly departures 118 VESSELS BOTH COASTLINES MEDITERRANEAN COASTLINE 128 SERVICES 67 OCEAN CARRIERS 12 origin PORTS 96 destination 2.5 Weekly departures 589 VESSELS 13 SERVICES 15 OCEAN CARRIERS 11 origin PORTS 34 destination 0.9 Weekly departures 10 56 VESSELS

05.MOTORWAYS OF THE SEA SAINT NAZAIRE SAVONA LIVORNO VIGO BARCELONA VALENCIA PORTO TORRES CAGLIARI CIVITAVECCHIA SALERNO Route Ocean carrier Frequency Transit time Vessels VIGO-SAINT NAZAIRE SUARDIAZ 3 x week 35h 2 BARCELONA-PORTO TORRES-CIVITAVECCHIA GRIMALDI 6 x week 12/20h 2 VALENCIA-BARCELONA-LIVORNO-SAVONA GRIMALDI 6 x week 36/51h - 20/35h 4 VALENCIA-CAGLIARI-SALERNO GRIMALDI 3 x week 26/45h 2 Western MoS South-West MoS ROPAX RORO 11

06.SSS ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY 32 Destination countries MOROCCO 48 FRANCE 39 ITALY 39 ALGERIA 29 UNITED KINGDOM 39 BELGIUM 27 NETHERLANDS 26 PORTUGAL 22 TURKEY 19 GERMANY 18 EGYPT 12 GREECE 12 MALTA 10 ISRAEL 7 RUSSIA 5 TUNISIA 5 4 SWEDEN 3 CYPRUS 3 IRELAND 3 LEBANON 2 SLOVENIA 2 LIBYA 2 SYRIA 1 CROATIA 1 DENMARK 1 ESTONIA 1 FINLAND 1 LATVIA 1 POLAND 1 MONTENEGRO 1 ROMANIA 1 UKRAINE Figure 11. Destination countries according to the number of SSS services 12

06. SSS ANALYSIS BY COUNTRY ITALY MOROCCO UNITED KINGDOM ALGERIA PORTUGAL TURKEY BELGIUM FRANCE GERMANY NETHERLANDS MOROCCO ITALY UNITED KINGDOM ALGERIA FRANCE BELGIUM TUNISIA TURKEY FINLAND PORTUGAL Figure 12. Ranking destination countries according to the adjusted capacity offered (TEU and line metres) 13

07.SSS ALTERNATIVE TO ROAD TRANSPORT 9% 22% 64 Services 69% 100% SSS 0% SSS services with interoceanic calls 1.0 2.3 1.9 Weekly departures CAR-CARRIER CONTAINER ROPAX RORO GENERAL CARGO 26 36 ocean carriers 3 9 241 vessels 26 destination countries 25 21 11 9 175 UNITED KINGDOM 25 ITALY 22 FRANCE 21 PORTUGAL 16 NETHERLANDS 15 BELGIUM 15 TURKEY 13 MOROCCO 9 GREECE 7 GERMANY 6 EGYPT 5 CYPRUS 3 ISRAEL 3 LEBANON 3 2 ALGERIA 2 MALTA 1 RUSSIA 1 ROMANIA 1 SYRIA 1 CROATIA 1 DENMARK 1 SLOVENIA 1 ESTONIA 1 FINLAND 1 POLAND 1 MONTENEGRO 21 Origin 93 Ports Destination Services Ocean carriers Origin Ports Destination Frequency Vessels Atlantic Coastline 27 21 12 38 1.4 73 Both Coastlines 4 6 6 26 1.3 15 Mediterranean Coastline 38 24 9 72 1.3 169 14

08.RAIL FREIGHT SERVICES AT PORTS Burgos-Villafría Madrid-Coslada Madrid-Abroñigal Bilbao Mercancías Vitoria-Júndiz Guadalajara-Azuqueca Navarra-Noáin Zaragoza-TMZ Zaragoza-Plaza Huesca-Terminal Intermodal de Monzón Barcelona-Morrot Tarragona-Constantí Tarragona Clasificación 9 7 BILBAO PORT BARCELONA PORT BARCELONA-MORROT BURGOS-VILLAFRÍA MADRID-ABROÑIGAL MURCIA-MERCANCÍAS PUERTO CASTELLÓN SEVILLA-LA NEGRILLA VALENCIA-SILLA VITORIA-JÚNDIZ ZARAGOZA-TMZ BURGOS-VILLAFRÍA GUADALAJARA-AZUQUECA HUESCA-TIM NAVARRA-NOÁIN TARRAGONA-CLASIFICACIÓN ZARAGOZA-PLAZA ZARAGOZA-TMZ 1 CASTELLON PORT PORT OF BILBAO MAIN CORRIDOR Valencia-Silla 3 VALENCIAPORT GUADALAJARA-AZUQUECA MADRID-ABROÑIGAL MADRID-COSLADA Sevilla-La Negrilla Murcia Mercancías 6 SEVILLA PORT BILBAO-MERCANCÍAS GUADALAJARA-AZUQUECA LEÓN CLASIFICACIÓN MADRID-ABROÑIGAL TARRAGONA-CONSTANTÍ VALENCIA-SILLA 1 ALGECIRAS PORT MADRID-COSLADA Figure 13. Rail freight services to/from Spanish ports by rail freight company CONTINENTAL RAIL LOGITREN RENFE MERCANCÍAS TRANSFESA RAIL 15

The LinePort and LineRail databases, developed by the Fundación Valenciaport, compile information related to the regular short sea shipping services (SSS) and rail freight services that have fixed frequency, departure times and routes and, therefore, reflect the open and ongoing supply of transport. These essential tools for analysing SSS and rail freight services provide data referring to the characteristics of the services (frequency, transit time, origin and destination, etc.) and the characteristics of the fleet (capacity, age, size, etc.). This section details the methodology used to calculate the indicators published in this edition. SSS SERVICES Classifications defined in the LinePort database Classification of services SSS: commodity and passenger transport services by sea between ports in geographical Europe or between those countries and others situated in non-european countries having a coastline on the enclosed seas bordering Europe - in keeping with the definition of SSS by the European Short Sea Network (ESN). Interoceanic maritime transport services that accept freight bound for destination countries studied by the LinePort database have also been considered. MEMBER STATE OF THE EU THIRD COUNTRIES SSS NON SSS 16

SSS alternative to road transport: this category includes maritime container or ro-ro services that we believe represent an alternative to overland transport. The traffic between Spain and countries or islands not accessible over land* (except Ireland) have therefore been excluded from this classification, along with bulk and vehicle freight and interoceanic services, as they are considered to have a series of logistical features that make road transport unfeasible or uncompetitive and can consequently be considered, to a certain extent, a captive market of maritime transport. *The routes with ports in Ireland, Malta, Cyprus, Iceland, Corsica, Sardinia, the Balearic Islands, the Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla are therefore excluded. Motorways of the Sea: SSS services that are defined as follows: minimum frequency of 3 departures per week and 3 maximum number of calls Two geographical areas are considered: Western MoS: SSS services competitive with road haulage established in the Western European corridor connecting the ports on Spain s Atlantic coastline with the North Sea and the Irish Sea, considering the port of Hamburg as the Eastern boundary of the motorway. South-West MoS: SSS services competitive with road haulage established in the South-West European corridor connecting ports along the Spanish Mediterranean coastline to the Mediterranean coast of France, Italy and Malta. The port of Algeciras is deemed capable of offering MoS services in both the Western and South-West corridors. Ports studied Origin ports: Authorities. 46 Spanish ports of general interest grouped in 28 Port The following classification is obtained using the location of the Spanish ports as a basis: Atlantic Coastline: Includes the Spanish ports on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean and the Cantabrian Sea. Mediterranean Coastline: Includes the port of Algeciras Bay, the Spanish ports on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. ATLANTIC OCEAN Avilés Ferrol-S. Cibrao A Coruña Gijón Vilagarcía Marín y Ría de Pontevedra Vigo Huelva Bahía de Cádiz Tarifa S.C.La Palma Arrecife S.C. Tenerife P. del La Estaca Rosario S. Sebatián Las Palmas G.C. de la Gomera Los Cristianos Salinetas CANTABRIAN SEA Sevilla Santander Málaga Pasajes Destination ports: The ports included in the LinePort database are located in geographical Europe or in non European countries having a coastline on the enclosed seas bordering Europe. Calculation of indicators Bilbao Motril La Línea Bahía de Algeciras Ceuta Almería Melilla Alicante Cartagena Castellón Sagunto Valencia Gandía Barcelona Tarragona Ibiza Palma La Savina Alcudia MEDITERRANEAN SEA Mahón 17

Total SSS services: total number of services in the LinePort database during the sample period. Total SSS services with interoceanic calls: total number of services in the LinePort database that accept freight bound for destination countries studied. Total services by port of origin and type of freight: total number of operative services during the sample period broken down into Spanish load ports, grouped according to type of service and the type of freight defined previously. The aggregate of this classification differs from Total SSS Services as one same line is accounted for in all the Spanish ports it calls at where goods can be loaded. Average frequency: average frequency of all services, calculated as the number of departures per week offered by the services during the period they are operative. j,i= (( + + + + ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) + ( ) + ( ) PCI= Port Connectivity Index j= port under study i= year for which the PCI is calculated n= total number of ports included in the PCI N (Ocean carriers): number of ocean carriers offering services in each Spanish port L (Lines): number of SSS services offered during the year under study C (Adjusted Capacity): total DWT of the vessels offering services in each port B (Vessels): total number of vessels per service involved in the rotation TB (Vessel size): maximum size of vessel operating in the port in question, in DWT F (Frequency): number of departures per week offered by each port PD (Ports of destination): total number of connected foreign ports of destination for each Spanish port. X: total number of variables that make up the PCI. ( / ( Ocean carriers by type of freight: total number of ocean carriers that provide services over the sample period. Total origin ports: total number of Spanish ports offering SSS services. Total destination ports: total number of foreign ports of destination connected with Spanish ports. Destination ports by origin port and type of freight: sum of foreign ports of destination connected with Spanish ports according to type of freight. Connectivity index of Spanish ports: Based on the Liner Shipping Connectivity Index (LSCI) proposed by UNCTAD for the connectivity index by country, the Fundación Valenciaport has calculated an index focusing on the connectivity of Spanish ports only in terms of the regular SSS services. Total vessels: total number of vessels deployed for all the services that are operative during the period under consideration. Vessels by size and type of freight: sum of vessels that are operative during the period under consideration according to the length of the vessel and type of freight. Vessels according to the vessel age: sum of vessels that are operative during the period under consideration grouped by vessel age. Total capacity: calculated bearing in mind the frequency of the line and the characteristics of the vessels that operate on the route. Total capacity offered in DWT: sum of the total DWT offered by each service. Total capacity offered in TEU: sum of the total TEU that can be transported by each service. Total capacity offered in LINE METRES: sum of the total line metres offered by each service. 18

Adjusted capacity by origin port: Due to the fact that the load capacity allocated to a port does not coincide with the maximum capacity of the vessel on certain routes, the concept of adjusted capacity has been used. This figure is the result of applying a weighting factor to the total capacity of the vessel. RAIL FREIGHT SERVICES The present publication provides the national and international rail freight services with origin and destination at any rail terminal at port. The following information details the current rail model in Spain as well as the rail freight companies that are current offering rail freight services. Adjusted capacity by destination country: The concept of adjusted capacity also applies when considering the capacity by country of destination, using a weighting factor which distributes total TEU and line metres among calls by country destination. Concerning SSS services with interoceanic call, as the ultimate purpose of these lines is to transport freight between large geographical regions (e.g. Far East-Mediterranean line), a correction factor of 0.1 is added to the foregoing adjustment ratio to calculate adjusted capacity. The correction factor stems from the hypothesis that only 10% of freight will be bound for the ports studied by LinePort. Calls by origin port and type of freight: Total vessel calls at the spanish ports during the period under consideratial, grouped according to type of freight. The indicators calculated in this publication include methodological improvements that represent a break in the historical series of the data calculated so far. In order to save this break, the Fundación Valenciaport will elaborate a special edition, calculating the historical data with the current methodology. Rail freight service providers Commercialisation: Rail freight operator: a company that organises and sells rail freight transport and is responsible for it. The company may have its own locomotive or need to contract one from a rail company. Entitled Candidate: a company that may directly request rail slots for new freight transport traffic from Adif, although the company must contract the locomotion from rail companies, the only authorised companies where the safety conditions and professional skills required by the Rail Sector Act are concerned. ENTITLED CANDIDATE INITIAL LICENSE 1. CONTE RAIL S.A. 02/ 2007 2. TRAMESA 02/ 2010 19

Locomotion: Rail Company: a company that provides locomotion. Any company that wishes to provide a rail freight transport service on the RFIG (General Interest Rail Network) must have a rail license and a safety certificate in order to be able to request rail slots on the RFIG from Adif to transport freight. This table includes the rail companies that are current holders of a rail license in Spain. SAFETY CERTIFICATE RAIL COMPANY INITIAL LICENSE 1. RENFE - OPERADORA 09/ 2005 2. COMSA RAIL TRANSPORT, S.A. 09/ 2005 3. CONTINENTAL RAIL, S.S. 10/ 2005 4. ACCIONA RAIL SERVICES, S.A. 03/ 2006 5. TRANSFESA RAIL, S.A.U. 07/ 2006 6. TRACCIÓN RAIL, S.A. 07/ 2006 7. EUSKO TRENBIDEAK-FERROCARRILES VASCOS, S.A. 08/ 2006 8. ARCELORMITTAL SIDERAIL, S.A. 07/ 2007 9. LOGITREN FERROVIARIA, S.A.U. 04/ 2008 10. FESUR- FERROCARRILES DEL SUROESTE, S.A. 05/ 2008 11. FGC- MOBILITAT, S.A. 07/ 2009 12. ALSA FERROCARRIL, S.A.U. 03/ 2010 13. GUINOVART RAIL, S.A.U. 12/ 2010 14. FERROVIAL RAILWAY, S.A. 03/ 2011 15. LOGIBÉRICA RAIL, S.A.U.. 11/ 2011 16. TAKARGO- TRANSPORTE DE MERCADORÍAS 10/ 2012 17. TRANSITIA RAIL, S.A. 04/ 2013 18. MONBUS RAIL, S.A. 04/ 2013 19. ASTURMASA RAIL, S.A.U. 10/ 2013 20. ECO RAIL, S.A.U. 10/ 2013 21. INTERBUS, S.A. 10/ 2013 22. ARREMELE SIGLO XXI, S.A. 11/ 2013 23. LA SEPULVEDANA, S.A.U. 06/ 2014 24. RENFE MERCANCÍAS, S.A.U. 07/ 2014 25. TRANSPORTES MIXTOS ESPECIALES, S.A. (TRAMESA) 01/ 2015 26. NOGARTRAIN, S.A.U. 10/ 2015 27. CONSTRUCCIONES Y AUXILIAR DE FERROCARRILES, S.A. 12/ 2015 28. GLOBAL RAIL, S.A.U. 06/ 2016 29. FGC RAIL, S.A. 07/ 2016 Source: Adif 20

Data from databases and For quotation this information, please refer to: LinePort and/or LineRail database of the Fundación Valenciaport. Edition Lorena Sáez Data analysis Núria Alonso Julián Martínez Amparo Mestre Eva Pérez Lorena Sáez Graphic design Laura Pérez Lorena Sáez Fundación Valenciaport Sede APV - Fase III Avda. Muelle del Turia, s/n 46024 Valencia (España) www.fundacion.valenciaport.com lineport@fundacion.valenciaport.com Copyright. 2016 Fundación Valenciaport 21