Competence building and technological perspectives for thermal biomass conversion in Norway Rainer Backman Lars Sørum SINTEF Energy Research JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 1
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 2 Outline Thermal biomass conversion processes On-going State-of-the-Art determination International National National competence building Technological perspectives and challenges
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 3 CenBio vision CenBio Vision 2020 TWh - Today: TWh - 2020: Input Efficiency Output Input Efficiency Output Wood / pellet stoves 7 0,6 4,2 12 0,85 10,2 Wood / pellet stoves District heat 2,7 0,85 2,3 6 0,9 5,4 District heat Wood industry 4,4 0,85 3,7 5 0,9 4,5 Wood industry CHP - heat 0,6 0,65 2,6 CHP - heat ~ 0 ~ 0 4 CHP - power 0,2 0,3 1,2 CHP - power Power ~ 0 0,4 ~ 0 1 0,5 0,5 Power Biogas ~ 0 0,5 ~ 0 Documented overall 2 0,7 1,4 Biogas SUM 14,1 10,2 sustainability 30 25,8 SUM FME: NTNU - UMB - SINTEF
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 4 CenBio Work Breakdown Structure CenBio management and co-ordination Lead: SINTEF SP1 Biomass supply and residue utilization Lead: UMB SP2 Conversion mechanisms Lead: SINTEF SP3 Conversion technologies and emissions Lead: SINTEF SP5 Knowledge Transfer and innovation Lead: NTNU WP1.1 Feedstock supply WP1.2 Logistics WP1.3 Biomass and residue characteristics and quality WP2.1 Combustion WP2.2 Gasification WP2.3 Pyrolysis WP3.1 Small-scale WP3.2 District heat WP3.3 Heat and power WP5.1 Bioenergy Graduate School WP5.2 Knowledge transfer and dissemination WP1.4 Residues upgrading and use WP2.4 Anaerobic digestion WP3.4 Emissions WP5.3 Innovation management WP4.1 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) SP4 Sustainability assessments Lead: UMB WP4.2 Ecosystem management WP4.3 Cost assessment and market analysis
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 5 Complete chain research Nutrients Feedstock and residues properties lab Biomass conversion lab Residues Biomass Preparation Characterisation Analysis Thermochemical Biochemical Utilisation CO2
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo Fine lab + infrastructure TGA-MS CH(NS) analyser Ash melting microscope HHV, fuel prep., ovens & scales Climate room & cabinet Micro-scale HHR TGA-MS system Low-T plasma ashing Surface preparation eq. Autoclave, ICP-OES SEM/EDX New laboratory Gas and particle analysis FTIR GC Conventional ELPI Heated filter and tar collection unit Gas and fluid mixing unit for calibration purposes Deposit probes Suction probes DLPI & diluter Online MS, portable FTIR, Multi-species, conv. Thermal lab Macro-TGA Multi-fuel comb. reactor Sludge/biomass incineration unit NS test stand for wood stoves Moving grate combustion unit Small-scale units multi-purpose/ standards test stand Gasification reactor Pyrolysis reactor
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 7 Topical research SINTEF Energy District heating Wood firing Gasification Big scale power and heat Pyrolysis Pellets firing
ENERGY FROM BIOMASS Thermochemical conversion Pyrolysis Gasification Combustion Charcoal Bio oil Synthesis gas Heat Grilling charcoal Metallurgical industry Engine Gas turbine Boiler Fireplace Upgrading Generator Steam turbin District heat Electricity Automotive fuel JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 8
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 9 Thermal biomass conversion Fuel pre-treatment Drying Pyrolysis Torrefaction Pelletizing Conversion Combustion - small-scale - power/heat Pyrolysis - separate -integrated Gasification - atmospheric - pressurized - entrained flow - fluidized bed -... Post-processes Power/heat production Gas cleaning Gas conditioning CO 2 -cleaning H 2 O-condensation Fuel production...
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 10 Thermal biomass conversion Fuel pre-treatment Drying Pyrolysis Torrefaction Pelletizing Conversion Combustion - small-scale - power/heat Pyrolysis - separate -integrated Gasification - atmospheric - pressurized - entrained flow - fluidized bed -... Post-processes Power/heat production Gas cleaning Gas conditioning CO 2 -cleaning H 2 O-condensation Fuel production...
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 11 Research challenge fuels New fuels characterisation needed Limited use of coal, oil, gas experience Fuel mixing - forest based (white wood, residues, thin fractions) - wood based waste (demolition rests) - energy crops, agricultural waste - marine plants - sludges (municipal, industrial) - solid waste (municipal, industrial) -... Different processes different fuels
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 12 Research challenge small scale combustion Limited district heating today Limited water-borne central heating More flexible equipment -pellets - briquettes - wood logs
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 13 Research challenge power and heat ( >20 MW) Increase electrical efficiency Integration with industrial processes Solve material problems Fuel flexibility
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 14 Research challenge biomass pre-treatment torrefaction Optimal size -in forest-smaller - near power/gasification plant - bigger Optimal operation - temperature time history particle size - inert gas usage Total efficiency - system integration - heating - tail gas use - portability
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 15 Research challenge gasification Process - atmospheric - pressurized - low temperature high temperature Optimal operation - gas composition (CO, H 2, CO 2, H 2 O) - fuel flexibility - material durability Total efficiency - system integration - product? electricity, synthesis gas, heat
JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 16 Research challenge ash and corrosion Optimal size -in forest-smaller - near power/gasification plant - bigger Optimal operation - temperature time history particle size - inert gas usage Total efficiency - system integration - heating - tail gas use - portability
Thank you! JRC Biomass Workshop September 2009 - Oslo 17