ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION as per ISO 14025 Owner of the Declaration Programme holder Publisher Declaration number Issue date Valid to Kaleseramik Çanakkale Kalebodur Ceramic Industries Inc. Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.v. (IBU) Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.v. (IBU) EPD-KSK-20120009-CBC1-EN 01/07/2012 30/06/2017 Ceramic Wall Tiles Kaleseramik www.bau-umwelt.com Umwelt Produktdeklaration Name des Herstellers Name des Produkts
Summary Kaleseramik Ceramic Wall Tiles Programme holder IBU - Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.v. Rheinufer 108 D-53639 Königswinter Owner of the Declaration Kaleseramik Çanakkale Kalebodur Ceramic Industries Inc. Büyükdere Caddesi Kaleseramik Binasi 1 34330 Levent, Istanbul Declaration number EPD-KSK-20120009-CBC1-EN Declared product / Declared unit Ceramic wall tiles / 1 m² This Declaration is based on the Product Category Rules: Ceramic tiles and panels, 07-2012 (PCR tested and approved by the independent expert committee) Scope: Issue date 01/07/2012 Valid to 30/06/2017 This declaration is relevant to ceramic wall tiles produced at a single location at Çan Plant in Turkey. The EPD declaration applies to all ceramic wall tiles as products selected represent 71% of the total wall tile production. The remaining are similar in terms of composition and thickness with only differences in sizes, which make no difference per 1 m². The owner of the declaration shall be liable for the underlying information and evidence. Verification The CEN Norm EN 15804 serves as the core PCR Independent verification of the declaration and data according to ISO 14025 internally x externally Prof. Dr.-Ing. Horst J. Bossenmayer (President of Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.v.) Dr. Olivier Muller (Independent tester appointed by SVA) Prof. Dr.-Ing. Hans-Wolf Reinhardt (Chairman of SVA) Product Product description Kaleseramik produces 2,200 varieties of wall tiles in 60 different dimensions. Ceramic tiles are primarily made of kaolin and clay, but they also include other raw materials such as marble, frit, dolomite, bentonite and quartz. The required composition is blended with water to form uniform slurry. This slurry then fed into spray driers to form uniform granules ready for compaction. These granules are then shaped to form the bisque or green body. This can be glazed or left unglazed depending on its intended use. The green ceramic body is fired at high temperatures, resulting in a hard body. This EPD declaration is applicable to entire wall tile range as the data collected from two products, Tamara White (25x40x0.8cm) and Kalipso White (20x50x0.8cm). Application Wall tiles are largely used as interior and exterior wall coverings. Interior applications are mainly in bathrooms and kitchens in residential applications while the exterior applications can include swimming pools, façades, commercial and industrial applications etc. For interior applications, ceramic wall tiles should be selected regarding the technical specifications such as PEI value, hardness, stain resistance, chemical 2 resistance and easy cleaning, if they are to be used in the interiors of a residence. The tiles selected for exteriors should be frost resistant and have low water absorbency. For outdoor uses they normally have less than 3% water absorption but for internal applications this might rise to 16%. Depending on the use, ceramic tiles might be glazed to control abrasion and slip resistance. Technical Data Kaleseramik s ceramic tiles are manufactured under the warranty of the ISO 9001:2000 Quality Management System to comply with the product requirement specifications of TS EN 14411 Group BIII for wall tiles. The company also has OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety and ISO 14001 Environmental Management systems in place. The ceramic wall tiles conform to following standards and specifications: Constructional data Name and additional Break load acc. to DIN EN ISO 10545-4 thickness 7,5 mm Break load acc. to DIN EN ISO 10545-4 thickness < 7,5 mm Value 1100 N 850 N
Flexural strength acc. to DIN EN ISO 10545-4 ave. 23 N/mm2 Resistance to low concentrations of acids and alkalis: Affirmative Resistance to high Resistance to chemicals and staining concentrations of acids acc. to DIN EN ISO and alkalis: Affirmative 10545-13 (optional) Resistance to household chemicals and swimming pool salts: min GB, Affirmative Stain resistance to DIN min Class-3 EN ISO 10545-14 - - Base materials / Ancillary materials Ceramic wall tile is primarily made of raw materials such as kaolin, clay, feldspar, bentonite, marble, frit, dolomite and quartz. Major constituents are kaolin, clay and granite. There are no products that can be included in Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for Authorisation and raw materials used are not part of the EU REACH regulation. The background to which the tiling will be applied must be clean, smooth, and free from dust, oil free and grease. If using rough surface, matte or polished porcelain or antislip ceramic tiles, residual filling material must be removed as soon as possible from the tile surface. Ceramic wall tiles have a long life and can be disposed of in inert landfill sites at the end of their useful life. Reference service life This EPD is relevant to cradle to factory gate and therefore no reference to useful life is required. LCA: Calculation rules Declared The declared unit is 1 m² ceramic wall tiles. Declared unit Name and additional Declared unit Grammage Conversion factor to 1 kg Value 1 14 0.07142857 m2 kg/m2 - System boundary This is a cradle to gate EPD. The system boundary involves raw materials, transport and production. Raw materials include pre-treatment before production such as slurry preparation. Production stages include production of granules by spray drying, forming, drying, glazing, firing and packaging. Transport is only relevant for delivery of raw materials to the plant and forklift usage within the factory. In this study, 9% internal scrap (3% from green body and 6% from fired tiles) is recycled back into the process (Closed loop). building context, respectively the product-specific characteristics of performance, are taken into account. This EPD is comparable with ceramic wall tiles that comply with the product requirement specifications of EN 14411 Group BIII for wall tiles and are evaluated according to EN 15804. The wall tile manufacturing process flow is depicted below: Comparability Basically, a comparison or an evaluation of EPD data is only possible if all the data sets to be compared were created according to FprEN 15804 and the LCA: Scenarios and additional technical information Reuse- Recovery- and Recycling potential (D) Ceramic wall tiles normally end up in inert landfill sites with other building waste. They can be recycled back for utilization in different applications. However, no possible benefits of recycling were taken into account in the LCA work here. 3
LCA: Results DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM BOUNDARY ( = INCLUDED IN LCA; MND = MODULE NOT DECLARED) BENEFITS AND LOADS BEYOND THE SYSTEM BOUNDARYS Use Maintenance Repair Replacement1) Refurbishment1) Operational energy use Operational water use De-construction demolition Transport A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 ReuseRecoveryRecyclingpotential Constructioninstallation process Disposal Transport Waste processing Manufacturing END OF LIFE STAGE Transport USE STAGE Raw material supply PRODUCT STAGE CONSTRUCTI ON PROCESS STAGE C3 D MND MND MND MND MND MNR MNR MNR MND MND MND MND MND RESULTS OF THE LCA - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT: FU: 1 m² of ceramic wall tiles Parameter Global warming potential [kg CO2-Äq.] Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer [kg CFC11-Äq.] Acidification potential of land and water [kg SO2-Äq.] Eutrophication potential [kg PO43-- Äq.] Formation potential of tropospheric ozone photochemical [kg Ethen Äq.] oxidants Abiotic depletion potential for non fossil resources [kg Sb Äq.] Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources 4.15 5.01E-7 1.94E-3 1.37E-2 0.28 3.75E-8 3.79E-4 2.08E-3 5.31 5.68E-7 2.93E-3 5.59E-3 0.16 4.29E-8 3.68E-4 9.23E-4 5.52E-3 3.69E-4 1.28E-3 2.36E-4 3.25E-2 72.10 2.01E-3 4.57 4.54E-2 93.40 1.96E-3 4.51 RESULTS OF THE LCA - RESOURCE USE: FU: 1 m² of ceramic wall tiles Parameter Renewable primary energy as energy carrier Renewable primary energy resources as material utilization Total use of renewable primary energy resources Non renewable primary energy as energy carrier Non renewable primary energy as material utilization Total use of non renewable primary energy resources Use of secondary material Use of renewable secondary fuels Use of non renewable secondary fuels Use of net fresh water [m³] 2.27 2.27 62.80 62.80 0.17 0.05 0.05 4.37 4.37 7.96 7.96 92.60 92.60 0.02 0.03 0.03 4.35 4.35 RESULTS OF THE LCA OUTPUT FLOWS AND WASTE CATEGORIES: FU: 1 m² of ceramic wall tiles 4 Parameter Hazardous waste disposed Non hazardous waste disposed Radioactive waste disposed Components for re-use Materials for recycling Materials for energy recovery Exported electrical energy Exported thermal energy 0.02
References Institut Bauen und Umwelt 2011 Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.v., Königswinter (pub.): Generation of Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs); General principles for the EPD range of Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.v. (IBU), 2011-06 www.bau-umwelt.de PCR 2011, Part A Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.v., Königswinter (pub.): Product Category Rules for Construction Products from the range of Environmental Product Declarations of Institut Bauen und Umwelt (IBU), Part A: Calculation Rules for the Life Cycle Assessment and Requirements on the Background Report. July 2011 www.bau-umwelt.de ISO 14025 DIN EN ISO 14025:2009-11: Environmental labels and declarations Type III environmental declarations Principles and procedures EN 15804 EN 15804:2012-04: Sustainability of construction works Environmental Product Declarations Core rules for the product category of construction products DIN EN ISO 10545-4 Ceramic tiles -- Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength DIN EN ISO 10545-7 Ceramic tiles -- Part 7: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed tiles DIN EN ISO 10545-13 Ceramic tiles -- Part 13: Determination of chemical resistance DIN EN ISO 10545-14 Ceramic tiles -- Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains EN 14411:2006 Ceramic tiles. Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking EN ISO 10545-3 Ceramic tiles -- Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density DIN EN ISO 10545-4 Ceramic tiles -- Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength PCR 2011, Part B PCR Guidance-Texts for Building-Related Products and Services, from the range of Environmental Product Declarations of Institut Bauen und Umwelt (IBU), Part B: Requirements on the EPD for ceramic tiles and panels. www.bau-umwelt.de DIN EN ISO 10545-7 Ceramic tiles -- Part 7: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed tiles SimaPro SimaPro LCA Package, Pré Consultants, the Netherlands www.pre-sustainability.com DIN EN ISO 10545-14 Ceramic tiles -- Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains OHSAS 18001 DIN EN OHSAS 18001:2007, Occupational Health and Safety Management System Ecoinvent Ecoinvent Centre www.ecoinvent.org EN 14411:2006 Ceramic tiles. Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking EN ISO 10545-3 Ceramic tiles -- Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density 5 DIN EN ISO 10545-13 Ceramic tiles -- Part 13: Determination of chemical resistance ISO 9001 DIN EN ISO 9001:2008, Quality Management SystemRequirements ISO 14001 DIN EN ISO 14001:2004, Environmental Management Systems-Requirement
Publisher Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.v. Rheinufer 108 53639 Königswinter Germany info@bau-umwelt.com www.bau-umwelt.com Programme holder Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.v. Rheinufer 108 53639 Königswinter Germany info@bau-umwelt.com www.bau-umwelt.com Owner of the Declaration Kaleseramik Çanakkale Kalebodur Ceramic Industries Inc. Büyükdere Caddesi Kaleseramik Binasi 1 34330 Levent, Istanbul Turkey +90 212 371 52 53 +90 212 2691742 info@kale.com.tr www.kale.com.tr Author of the Life Cycle Assessment Metsims Sustainability Consulting Elmas Studio Levent,Sultan Selim Mah. Lalegül Sok. No: 7/18 34415 4.Levent, Istanbul Turkey +90 534 499 32 40 +90 212 705 36 36 info@metsims.com www.metsims.com