NDDOT Erosion & Sediment Control Construction Course Module 4: Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) 1 What s covered in this module? 1. What is a SWPPP 2. Important initial considerations that affect the SWPPP 3. The main parts of the SWPPP 4. Permit requirements 2 Page 1
What are the module s learning objectives? 1. Identify initial considerations 2. Develop the SWPPP from the plans and Contractor operations and phasing 3 What is a SWPPP? Definition: A document, a plan that describes who and what will control erosion and keep sediment from leaving the project site, and when, where and how this will be done. The plan is the common link between the owner, designer, contractor, and inspector. 4 Page 2
What is a SWPPP? A SWPPP is a site-specific, written document. Identifies potential pollution Describes practices Identifies procedures 5 Why is a SWPPP important? 1. Required by the permits 2. Powerful tool to assist erosion and sediment control 6 Page 3
Who is responsible for developing it? Prime Contractor Plan Designer Project Implementation SWPPP Design Plans 7 Overview of SWPPP Development Process Assess Site & Proposed Project Select ESC measures Select Good Housekeeping ESC measures Inspection, Maintain, and Record 8 Page 4
Initial Considerations 1. Existing conditions 2. Outfalls 3. Waterbodies 4. Project boundaries 9 Initial Considerations 5. Environmentally sensitive areas 6. Permanent stormwater controls a. Ponds b. Infiltration 7. Project phasing 10 Page 5
Existing Conditions Soils Hydrology Topography 11 Outfalls and Waterbodies Considerations: Where does it drain to? How close will the disturbance be? What protections are required? Is it impaired? What for? Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL)? 12 Page 6
Project Boundaries Considerations: Slopes Proximity to right of way lines What is coming into the project? Points of egress trackout, etc. Impacts from or to outside 13 Environmentally Sensitive Areas Rivers, Lakes, Streams: Spawning times Threatened and Endangered Species Wetlands: Impacts Mitigation Cultural sites and other avoidance areas 14 Page 7
Permanent Stormwater Controls What permanent structures are required? MS4 City Are there any existing? 15 Permanent Stormwater Controls Placement Sizing Maintenance 16 Page 8
Project Phasing What will be done first? What should be done first? Environmental commitments Should things be required due to the nature of the work? 17 What are the components of a SWPPP? 1. Illustrative: a. Map/site plan b. Details c. Drawings 2. Narrative: a. Contractors means and methods b. Plan notes c. Environmental commitments 3. Calculations and other supporting documents 18 Page 9
What are the parts of the illustrative section in the SWPPP? 1. Site map 2. Erosion and Sediment Control Measure (ESCM) installation drawings a. Standard drawings b. Plan details c. Manufacturer s drawings/details 3. Other visual aids 19 What are the parts of a map/site plan in the SWPPP? 1. Vicinity map 2. North arrow 3. Existing contours 4. Preliminary and final design contours 5. Existing vegetation 6. Soils 20 Page 10
What are the parts of a map/site plan in the SWPPP? 7. Critical areas 8. Existing and final drainage patterns 9. Limits of clearing and grading 10. Outfalls 11. Surface waters (including wetlands) 21 What are the parts of a map/site plan in the SWPPP? 12. Temporary ESCMs 13. Permanent ESCMs 14. Permanent stormwater management practices 15. Off site areas (if applicable) 16. Legend 22 Page 11
Plan Sections Section 75 Wetlands Section 76 Temporary ESCMs Section 77 Permanent ESCMs 23 Page 12
Site Map Example 24 Page 13
ESCM Installation Drawings 25 Page 14
ESCM Installation Drawings 26 Page 15
ESCM Installation Drawings 27 Page 16
ESCM Installation Drawings 28 Page 17
What are the parts of the narrative section in a SWPPP? 1. Site description 2. Operational controls 3. Erosion and sediment control measures 4. Stormwater management 5. Maintenance 29 What are the parts of the narrative section in a SWPPP? 6. Inspections 7. Plan review and revisions 8. Signatory requirements 9. Local requirements 10. Final stabilization 30 Page 18
Site Description 1. Project description 2. Existing site conditions 3. Adjacent areas 4. Estimates of areas 6. Soils 7. Critical areas 8. Surface waters 9. 303(d) list information 5. Proposed timetable 31 Project Description, Existing Site Conditions, Adjacent & Estimated Areas Who What Existing issues Land uses 32 Page 19
A proposed timetable of activities that disturb soils for major portions of the site 33 Page 20
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Soils What types of soil? Soil properties Specific ESCMs due to soils 35 Critical Areas Environmentally sensitive Highly erosive High flow Time sensitive 36 Page 22
Surface Waters and 303(d) list Where does the site drain? Multiple receiving waters Impaired waters and the 303(d) list Integrated Report TMDLs 37 Operational Controls 1. Chain of responsibility 2. Good housekeeping practices 3. Preventative measure practices 4. Spill prevention and response procedures 38 Page 23
Operational Controls 5. Training 6. Concrete waste control 7. Dewatering 39 Chain of Responsibility Identify who will oversee: SWPPP ESCM installation, inspection, maintenance and removal Develop a Chain of Responsibility: NOT JUST DOT and PRIME CONTRACTOR 40 Page 24
Good Housekeeping Practices Litter Construction debris Chemicals Human waste Vehicle fueling/maintenance Vehicle washing 41 Trackout and Dust Control Soils Particular ESCMs Practices Locations Plan for cleaning 42 Page 25
Preventative Measure Practices Stormwater control devices Operation Inspection Maintenance 43 Preventative Measure Practices Equipment and vehicles Operation Inspection Maintenance 44 Page 26
Spill Prevention and Response Procedures Specific handling procedures Storage requirements Spill containment Cleanup procedures Use Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plans 45 Training Annual training As new employees are hired Erosion and sediment control practices Spill response Good housekeeping The SWPPP 46 Page 27
Training Subcontractors Include specific contract language requiring subcontractors to implement appropriate stormwater controls. 47 Concrete Waste Control Concrete wash water Grindings Slurries 48 Page 28
Dewatering Only stormwater or groundwater Cannot discharge sediment Inspected daily Includes stream diversions 49 Erosion and Sediment Control Measures 50 Page 29
Erosion Control (keeping the dirt in place) 1. Minimize disturbed area and protect natural features and soil 2. Phase construction activity 3. Control stormwater flowing onto and through the project 4. Stabilize soils promptly 5. Protect slopes 51 Sediment Controls (the second line of defense) 6. Protect storm drain inlets 7. Establish perimeter controls 8. Retain sediment on-site and control dewatering practices 9. Establish stabilized construction exits 10. Inspect and maintain controls 52 Page 30
Erosion and Sediment Control Measures Perimeter control Temporary or permanent cover Required maintenance Off-site accumulations removed Withstand a 2yr, 24 hour rain event TMDL requirements Appendix 1 53 Perimeter Control All down slope boundaries Side slope boundaries 54 Page 31
Temporary or Permanent Cover Where activities have been completed or temporarily ceased Include graded slopes, pond embankments, ditches, berms and soil stockpiles 55 56 Page 32
Required Maintenance All control measures must be properly selected, installed, and maintained Required maintenance must be outlined for each device Justification required if against guidelines 57 58 Page 33
Off-site Accumulations Must be removed Minimize off-site impacts Plan must be modified Have a plan in place for this 59 60 Page 34
2 Year, 24 Hour Rain Event Controls are expected to withstand and function properly Visible erosion should be minimal Ranges from about 1.9 inches in the west to 2.3 inches in the east Rain Gauge 61 62 Page 35
Must Comply with TMDL Requirements Patterson Lake WLA = 0 Tons/year 63 Appendix 1 Specific Requirements for ESCMs 64 Page 36
Permanent Stormwater Management SWPPP must identify: Ponds Flow reduction devices Infiltration areas Energy dissipation at discharge locations Erosion protection for outfalls and ditches 65 66 Page 37
What are the environmental considerations? Wetland impacts Mitigation 404 Permit Temporary/permanent impacts Executive Order 11990 67 What are the environmental considerations? Wildlife Threatened and Endangered Fish passage Spawning seasons 68 Page 38
What are the environmental considerations? Environmental documents Environmental commitments 69 SWPPP must indicate the maintenance intervals for all ESCMs 70 Page 39
Inspections Must provide for site inspections Including a copy of the inspection report being used May have to revise SWPPP based upon findings of the inspections 71 Plan Review and Revisions Signatory Requirements SWPPP must be made available upon request 72 Page 40
Plan Review and Revisions Must amend the SWPPP when there is a change in Design, Construction, Operation, Maintenance, or if found to be ineffective 73 Signatory Requirements SWPPP must be signed Signed by a responsible corporate officer, a general partner, or a principal executive officer Can be someone authorized by the above Permit contains certification language 74 Page 41
Local Requirements Some Cities and Counties have their own requirements Must comply with the most stringent requirement 75 Final Stabilization SWPPP must show how the site will be stabilized. Three methods: 1. 70% Vegetation 2. Farmland 3. Arid exemption (3 year rule) 76 Page 42
What are the components of the calculation section in the SWPPP? Calculations > data 77 Common SWPPP Mistakes and Violations Not developing a SWPPP Missing required sections Inadequate maps/illustrations ESCMS not designed to 2 year 24 hour storm 78 Page 43
Common SWPPP Mistakes and Violations Weak chain of responsibility section No signature/certification No Inspection Report Cookie cutter SWPPP 79 Art of Writing A SWPPP Clear and concise Avoid as needed or when required Be specific, but not too specific 80 Page 44
Timetable of Soil Disturbance When will soils be disturbed and stabilized? When will infrastructure be installed? What ESCMs will be used during a particular phase? 81 Timetable of Soil Disturbance When will ESCMs be installed or removed? What phase are you currently in, are ESCMs installed according to the plan? 82 Page 45
Soils What types of soils do you have (NRCS)? How erosive are they to water and wind? Do soils have a low, medium or high erosivity to water? Do your ESCMs address this? Do soils have a low, medium or high erosivity to wind? What type of ESCMs are you using? 83 Soils What type of permeability do soils have (low, medium, high)? Will water soak in or runoff? Do soils stick to tires? Tracking 84 Page 46
Chain of Responsibility Who is responsible for what and when? If the responsible party is unable to complete their task, who then has authority to make sure that task is completed? 85 Chain of Responsibility The owner shall develop a chain of responsibility with all operators on the site to ensure that the SWPPP will be implemented and stay in effect until the construction project is complete, the entire site has undergone final stabilization, and a NOT [notice of termination] has been submitted to the Department. 86 Page 47
Trackout Are you even considering it, because it will happen? What type of soils do you have? Will they stick to tires? 87 Trackout Does your plan call for a trackout pad? Is it installed? Is it installed in the right spot? Have you moved it and did you update your map? Are people using it? 88 Page 48
Trackout Do you have a plan to clean streets by the end of the day? 89 Dust Like trackout, are you even considering it, because it will happen What type of soils do you have? Will they blow away? Will it effect an individual? Will it effect a surface water? 90 Page 49
Dust What do you plan on using to control dust? Will it be enough? What other dust control options do you have? 91 Concrete Wash Water Will trucks be washed on site or back at the plant? 92 Page 50
Concrete Wash Water Will there be a wash pit on site? Is it shown on the plans? Is it in the same location as shown on the plans? Will it move around the site? 93 Concrete Wash Water How will drivers know where it is at? How was it sized? How will it being maintained? 94 Page 51
Erosion and Sediment Control Measures Do you have an installation guide for selected ESCMs? How do you know they are installed correctly? Do you know where you are going to install ESCMs? 95 Erosion and Sediment Control Measures Is placement/location of ESCMs in accordance with the permit? Is placement/location of ESCMs in accordance with standard practices? 96 Page 52
Group Activity Each group must write a section of the SWPPP Basic project: 20 mile widening job, last part in town, concrete paving 97 What are the module s takeaway points? Design affects SWPPP SWPPP must convey Design Two main parts: Illustrative and Narrative Site Specific Art of SWPPP Writing 98 Page 53
Questions? 99 What s next? Exam 100 Page 54