Practice Test Test 2 1. A pathogen invades a tissue. Which cell of the immune system is more likely to respond first? a. Neutrophil b. T Cell c. B Cell d. Macrophage 2. The receptor for C3b is? a. CR1 b. CR2 c. CR3 d. All of the above 3. On the surface of a pathogen, ic3b can still bind to Factor B, to then into a C3 convertase of the alternative pathway 4. The function of CXCL-8 is to: a. Activate macrophages b. Attract neutrophils c. Recruit NK Cells d. To produce heat. 5. Pyogenic refers to a. Heat producing b. Pus producing c. A & B d. None of the above 6. What extracellular proteins TLR needs to be able to start the cytokine producing protein cascade a. MD2 b. CD14 c. LBP d. All of the above 7. Selectins bind to vascular addressins. 8. Vascular adressins are in the surface of the lymphocyte. 9. Which adhesion molecule provides the strongest binding to a neutrophil? a. Integrin (LFA1) - Immunoglobin (ICAM1) b. Selectin - Vascular Addressin c. They all have the same binding strength
10. Select the one in the correct order. a. Diapedesis - Rolling adhesion - Migration - tight binding. b. Rolling adhesion - Migration -tight binding - Diapedesis c. Rolling adhesion - tight binding - Diapedesis - Migration 11. Systemic distribution of TNF α, IL-1 and IL-6 in blood circulation may cause: a. respiratory burst b. interferon response c. septic shock d. hypertension 12. Systemic distribution of C3b and C5b may cause a. Anaphylaxis b. Fever c. Respiratory burst 13. Identify the mismatched pair: a. ICAM-1 : LFA-1 b. MyD88 : LPS c. NK Cells : INF - gamma d. Selectin : vascular addressin 14. C4b2a3b is the C3 convertase of the classical pathway: 15. Which of the following PAMP's is recognized by TLR4? a. Flagellin b. Double Stranded DNA Virus c. Single Stranded RNA Virus d. LPS e. B & C 16. Catalase is the enzyme used by neutrophils to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 17. Which of the following cytokines are called pyrogens? a. TNFα, b. IL-6, c. IL-1 d. A, B & C 18. INF α and INF ß are produced by which cells? a. Only NK Cells b. Only T cells c. All nucleated cells d. A & B
19. Antibodies are: a. Lipids b. Carbohydrates c. Glycoproteins d. None of the above 20. The Fc and Fab structures of the Ig are kept together by: a. Hydrogen bonding b. Covalent Bonding c. Disulfide Bridges d. Van der Waals Forces e. 21. IgM has greater avidity than IgG. 22. The most common immunoglobulin in the blood stream is: a. IgG b. IgM c. IgA d. IgE e. A & C 23. Which of the following are not in monomeric form when secreted? a. IgG b. IgA c. IgM d. IgG e. B & C 24. One binding site of any Ig is composed by a. 1 Hypervariable region b. 2 Hypervariable regions c. 3 Hypervariable regions d. 6 Hypervariable regions
25. Monoclonal Antibodies are produced through: a. Hybrid cells b. Hybridoma cells c. HeLa Cells 26. Which sequence of genes are contained in the germ-line DNA for the Heavy Chain? a. V b. D c. J e. All the above 27. The third hypervariable region of light chain (CDR3) is determined by: a. V segments b. J segments c. V/J junction d. D segments e. They all determine the CDR3 28. Which DNA enzymes are key for Somatic Recombination? a. RAG-1 b. RAG-2 c. RSS d. A & B e. None of them 29. Which is an important characteristic of RSS's flanking each V, D and J gene segments? a. 12/23 bp or one-to-two rule b. Having only heptamers in between each gene segment. c. Having only nonamers in between each gene segment. 30. Random addition of nucleotides in the spaces between gene segments of germline DNA is known as: a. Gene diversity. b. Light chain variability c. Junctional diversity. d. None of the above 31. How many alleles total will the B cell have available, to make a functional rearrangement for the heavy chain? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. π
32. Whether an Ig is secreted or membrane bound is determined during: a. Somatic Recombination b. Somatic Hypermutation c. RNA splicing d. DNA Splicing e. A & C 33. The MAC can be formed by: a. C3b2Bb b. C4b2a3b c. ic3b d. A & B 34. The difference between a membrane-bound and secreded Ig is: a. The N-terminus on a secreted Ig will be hydrophobic. b. The C-terminus on a secreted Ig will be hydrophobic. c. The N-terminus on a membrane-bound Ig will be hydrophilic. d. The C-terminus on a membrane-bound Ig will be hydrophobic. 35. Somatic hypermutation occurs before somatic recombination. 36. Somatic Hypermutation: a. Does not mutate the Ig b. Introduces point mutations in the C-domain. c. Introduces point mutations in the V-domain. d. B & C 37. Enzyme/s involved in somatic hypermutations is/are: a. RAG-1 b. RAG-2 c. AID d. RNA Polymerase e. C & D 38. When a B cell is activated, the first Ig to be secreted is: a. IgG b. IgA c. IgM d. IgE 39. Somatic Hypermutation will also lead to affinity maturation.
40. Which lymphocyte has the darkest stain (very basic), and is usually involved in allergic reactions? a. Neutrophils b. Basophils c. Eosinophils d. T Cells. 41. The protein that initiates the cascade in the classical pathway is: a. C1q b. C3b c. C1s For the following problems, match each with the correct statement. 42. IgG 43. IgA 44. IgM 45. IgE 46. ICAM-1 47. INF-γ 48. TNF-α 49. NFkB a. Inflammatory cytokine that induces the expression of adhesive proteins on the luminal side of endothelial cells b. Activates transcription of genes for inflammatory cytokines c. The only immunoglobulin that can cross the placenta d. Immunoglobulin like molecule that is involved in tight binding between leukocytes and endothelial cells. e. Expressed by NK cells and T Cells f. Most abundant immunoglobulin in the body g. Involved in allergies h. Best immunoglobulin to activate complement NOTE: The answer key will only be provided during the test review, and on the SI Session on Monday 2/19 9:30am -10:20am HEC 110. Do not use just the practice test as your only study material, since I cannot guarantee that all the topics needed to know for test #2 are covered in this practice test. Good Luck!!