UNIT 3 ECONOMIC ISSUES IN CANADIAN GEOGRAPHY ECONOMICS
The Economic Significance of Canada s Natural Resources In this unit we will look at some of Canada s resources, their economic significance and how to respond to issues facing how we use these resources! We will study: o The relationship between supply, demand and price o The four categories of economic activity o Specialization and how trade helps to maximize economic activity, allowing us to meet our needs and wants
What Resources do you see?
Canada s Natural Resources Our Economy Depends on Natural Resources Why is this the case? o A strong natural resource base o Skilled Workers o Favourable patterns of trade o A strong export market o Innovation/Technology
As we get and use resources we contribute to industry and the economy. Industry the particular types of labour that are done in exchange for pay. Economy a system in which a country produces and distributes goods and services to create wealth.
Economics the study of how we use our limited resources to meet our relatively unlimited needs and wants. Natural resources anything found in nature that can be used by people. What are some examples of natural resources?? What can they be used for?
What are Economic Activities? Economic activity can be characterized into 1 of 4 areas: primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary. Sometimes called Business Sectors
1. Primary industry economic activity that extracts or harvests natural resources from the environment. Example: fishing / farming / forestry / mining
2. Secondary activities economic activity that uses unprocessed raw material to manufacture consumer products. Example: paper mill / soft drink plant / fish plant / nickel smelter
3. Tertiary activities - involves providing services to people. Example: grocery store / hospital / trucking company / dry-cleaners
4. Quaternary activities economic activity that involves the provision of services related to the creation of knowledge, ideas, research and development and technology. Example: computer technology design / research company
COTTON IN THE FASHION INDUSTRY... PRIMARY Cotton is grown and picked on a cotton farm 15
COTTON IN THE FASHION INDUSTRY... PRIMARY Cotton is grown and picked on a cotton farm SECONDARY Cotton is processed to cloth, which is, in turn, sewn in to clothing. 16
COTTON IN THE FASHION INDUSTRY... PRIMARY Cotton is grown and picked on a cotton farm SECONDARY Cotton is processed to cloth, which is, in turn, sewn in to clothing. TERTIARY Cotton clothes (eg jeans, shirts etc) are sold in high street shops. 17
COTTON IN THE FASHION INDUSTRY... PRIMARY Cotton is grown and picked on a cotton farm 18 SECONDARY growing cotton. e.g. organic cotton. TERTIARY Cotton is processed to Cotton clothes (eg jeans, cloth, which is, in turn, shirts etc) are sold in high sewn in to clothing. street shops. QUATERNARY: Research is carried out in to new ways of processing or
Needs things you have to have in order to survive. Wants things you would like to have.
SUPPLY, DEMAND, AND PRICE Supply how much of a good or service is offered for sale. Demand how much of a good or service is wanted for sale. As price increases demand decreases & supply increases. As price decreases - demand increases & supply decreases.
PRODUCT EVENT 1. wheat A drought destroys much of the crop. 2. cigars A study says smoking cigars results in lots of wrinkles. 3. yo-yo s A rock star says he loves playing with a yo-yo. 4. gasoline Small cars start out-selling large cars. 5. apples A new pesticide kills caterpillars that eat apples. 6. Canadian cars Canada places a tax on Japanese cars coming into Canada. 7. hospital beds Scientists discover a cure for cancer. 8. cement A huge earthquake hits Toronto. 9. video rentals The price to see a movie in a theatre increases. 10.butter 11.Burger King whoppers 13.taxi service 14.candles 15.gasoline A disease kills a lot of dairy cows. McDonalds increases the price of Big Macs. The local bus service goes out of business. A big winter storm is forecast. Two large supertankers collide and sink.
Trade helps Canada get things that we cannot provide ourselves. Importing when goods and services are brought into a country. What kind of things are imported into Canada?
What countries do we import from?
Economic diversification having different types of economic activities in an area.
Industry Numbe r Agriculture 1,820 0.7 Fishing 8,775 3.6 Logging 2,430 1.0 Mining 2,800 1.1 Petroleum 775 0.3 Fish Products 9,660 3.9 Pulp and Paper 2,450 1.0 Other Manufacturing 9,975 4.1 Construction 17,215 7.0 Transportation 9,950 4.0 Communications 4,230 1.7 Wholesale Trade 8,110 3.3 Retail Trade 31,760 12.9 Finance and Insurance 4,250 1.7 Business Services 7,320 3.0 Government Services 21,485 8.7 Educational Services 20,715 8.4 Per- Cent Labour Force 15 Years and Over by Selected Industry Divisions and Major Groups, 1996. NL and Labrador. Health and Social Services 26,465 10.8 Accommodation Services 3,600 1.5 Food and Beverage Services 10,345 4.2 Personal and Household Services 6,455 2.6 Total Labour Force 246,065 100.0
Why is economic diversification important? 1. People can find work in different economic areas. 2. Economy is not dependent on one industry. 3. If demand for one industry declines the economy will not be devastated. 4. More money and jobs are produced by having secondary and tertiary industries.