An Overview of Agriculture in the Rural Municipalities of the Lower Souris River Watershed. Dana Harper Jim Unterschultz Scott Jeffrey

RURAL ECONOMY An Overview of Agriculture in the Rural Municipalities of the Lower Souris River Watershed Dana Harper Jim Unterschultz Scott Jeffrey Project Report #8-3 Project Report Department of Rural Economy Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton, Canada

An Overview of Agriculture in the Rural Municipalities of the Lower Souris River Watershed Dana Harper Jim Unterschultz Scott Jeffrey Project Report # 8-3 The authors are, respectively, research assistant (and undergraduate student), associate professor and professor. Acknowledgement: Dana Harper completed this report under the supervision of Jim Unterschultz and Scott Jeffrey. Funding is provided by the Lower Souris River Watershed Committee project Lower Souris Watershed Ecological Goods and Services Pilot Proposal funded in part by Advancing Canadian Agriculture and Agri-Food (ACAAF) Program.

Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS.1 LIST OF FIGURES...2 INTRODUCTION.5 GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE LSRW...5 NUMBER AND SIZE OF FARMS...7 CROP YIELDS AND ACREAGE 9 LIVESTOCK.22 CAPITAL AND COST OF PRODUCTION..27 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 28 REFERENCES...29 APPENDIX A: DATA IN TABULAR FORM..3 1

List of Figures Figure 1: Number of Agriculture Census Farms in Saskatchewan from 196 to 26...5 Figure 2: Crop Districts and Rural Municipalities in Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food...6 Figure 3: Crop Districts and Rural Municipalities in the Lower Souris Region.7 Figure 4: Average Farm Size and Total Number of Farms in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada 8 Figure 5: Farm operating arrangements for crop district 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada..8 Figure 6: Farm land area classified by use of land in crop district 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada..9 Figure 7: Acres of Spring Wheat Seeded and Harvested for Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Food and Agriculture...1 Figure 8: Spring Wheat Yield for Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Food and Agriculture..1 Figure 9: Spring Wheat Production for Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Food and Agriculture.11 Figure 1: Acres of Canola Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.12 Figure 11: Canola Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food 12 Figure 12: Canola Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Food and Agriculture..13 Figure 13: Acres of Durum Harvested and Seeded in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.13 Figure 14: Durum Yield for Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.14 Figure 15: Durum Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.14 Figure 16: Acres of Oats Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.15 Figure 17: Oat Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.15 Figure 18: Oats Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.16 Figure 19: Acres of Winter Wheat Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food...16 Figure 2: Winter Wheat Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.17 Figure 21: Winter Wheat Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.17 Figure 22: Acres of Barley Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.18 Figure 23: Barley Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food 18 2

Figure 24: Barley Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.19 Figure 25: Acres of Flaxseed Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.19 Figure 26: Flaxseed Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.2 Figure 27: Flaxseed Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.2 Figure 28: Acres of Total Rye Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food...21 Figure 29: Total Rye Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.21 Figure 3: Total Rye Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food.22 Figure 31: Total Cattle and Calves from to 26, Statistics Canada 22 Figure 32: Total Cows in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada..23 Figure 33: Beef and Diary Cows in Crop District 1 from to 26, Stats Canada.23 Figure 34: Heifers in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada.24 Figure 35: Steers in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada...24 Figure 36: Calves in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada..25 Figure 37: Bulls in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada 25 Figure 38: Total Hens and Chickens from to 26, Statistics Canada.26 Figure 39: Total Number of Pigs from to 26, Statistics Canada...26 Figure 4: Farm Capital in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada 27 Figure 41: Farm Business Operating Expenses for Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada 28 3

Abstract A statistical overview of agriculture in the region encompassed by the Lower Souris River Watershed committee was undertaken. The region in the south east corner of the province of Saskatchewan has about 8%of the total number of farms in Saskatchewan, and this has remained relatively consistent since the early 198s. The actual number of has decreased and Statistics Canada reports that the total number of farms in crop district 1A and 1B in the 26 census is 1,823 and 1,743, respectively. The area of farms in crop district 1 is currently about 7% of the total area of farms in Saskatchewan. Statistics Canada reports that the total area of farms in crop district 1A and 1B in the 26 census is 2,687,728 and 2,312,446, respectively. The report also provides an overview of crops grown and livestock numbers. This report is part of an ongoing study of this region. JEL Classification Code: Q15 Keywords: Acreage, Agricultural Land, Cropland. 4

Introduction The objective of this report is to build a statistical idea of the farming in each rural municipality or crop district in the Lower Souris River Watershed to guide future research. The historical data outlined here will be used for further analysis. Every effort has been made to gather data specific to the Lower Souris region, as per rural municipality or crop district. Where data this specific was not available, estimates were used for all of Saskatchewan. The principle data sources used for this research were Statistics Canada and Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food. Census reports by Statistics Canada were obtained online for years 21 and 26, and from old census reports for previous years. All data from Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food were obtained online. In the following section I will detail some general information about the Lower Souris River Watershed from their online Background Report. In the next section I will discuss the number and size of farms, the operating arrangements and the use of land. Next I will discuss some general trends in crop yields and acreage, livestock and then in capital and expenses in the region. Finally, I will summarize the key findings and conclude. Statistics Canada reported 44,329 farms in Saskatchewan in 26 and this number has been declining since the mid 193 s, as depicted in Figure 1. These farms encompass an area of 64,253,845 acres. Saskatchewan represents approximately 2% of the total number of farms in Canada, and approximately 38% of the total farm area in Canada. Saskatchewan is Canada s most important region in the production of grain, especially of cereal crops (Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food 27). 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 196 1911 1916 1921 1926 1931 1936 1941 1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 Number 1976 1986 1996 21 26 Figure 1: Number of Agriculture Census Farms in Saskatchewan from 196 to 26, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food General Information on Lower Souris River Watershed The Lower Souris River Watershed is found in the south-east portion of Saskatchewan and is bounded by both Manitoba and North Dakota. The native vegetation is Aspen Parkland, although about 8% of the land is currently used for crops. The 5

population in 21 was approximately 14,3, 37% of which make up the rural population. The main economic activities include agriculture and oil and gas. The agriculture portion consists of beef and dairy enterprises, feedlots, forage areas, hogs and crops. Statistics Canada reported in 1996 that there were roughly 5 farms reporting livestock. There are also approximately six approved cattle feedlots in the watershed, each containing over 3 animal units, and two dairies. Forage areas must increase in the near future to support livestock growth. Hogs have not traditionally been found in this area, but there are approximately ten hog operations presently approved by Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food; however, these may not yet be built or operating. Wheat, durum and barley acres have decreased over time while canola, pea, and sunflower acres have increased. Figure 2 is an image of Saskatchewan from Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food with all the crop districts and municipalities. The Lower Souris Watershed region is made up of 2 rural municipalities and 19 urban municipalities. Currently, there are 15 participating rural municipalities: #1, 2, 3, 31, 32, 61, 91, 92, 93, 94, 121, 122, 123, 124 and 125. These are shown in Figure 3 and all of these municipalities are encompassed into crop district 1A and 1B. Figure 2: Crop Districts and Rural Municipalities in Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food 6

Figure 3: Crop Districts and Rural Municipalities in the Lower Souris Region, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Number and Size of Farms The number of farms in crop district 1 currently consists of roughly 8% of the total number of farms in Saskatchewan, and this has remained relatively consistent since the early 198s. However, the actual number of farms in crop district 1 has decreased over the same time period. Statistics Canada reports that the total number of farms in crop district 1A and 1B in the 26 census is 1,823 and 1,743, respectively, whereas in 5,559 farms were reported for the entire region. The area of farms in crop district 1 is currently about 7% of the total area of farms in Saskatchewan. This number is down slightly from 8% in. Statistics Canada reports that the total area of farms in crop district 1A and 1B in the 26 census is 2,687,728 and 2,312,446, respectively. In, 5,268,647 were reported for the entire region. An obvious conclusion is that the average farm size has been increasing over time producing fewer farms. The average farm size in was 948 acres, whereas in 26 this figure increased to 142 acres. This same trend has been observed all across Canada. Figure 4 shows the tendency towards larger farm sizes over time. 7

Acres 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1986 1996 21 26 6 5 4 3 2 1 Number Average Farm Size Total Number of Farms Figure 4: Average Farm Size and Total Number of Farms in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada 1 Figure 5 depicts the proportion of various farm operating arrangements. The most common arrangement is sole proprietorship, although the proportion of the total number of farms wherein this arrangement exists has been declining since about. The proportion that both partnerships and corporations take out of the total number of farms has been increasing slightly, although they are still far below the proportion that is considered to be sole proprietorships. % of Total Number of Farms 1.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1 1986 1996 21 26 Sole Proprietorship Partnership Corporation Other Figure 5: Farm operating arrangements for crop district 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada 2 1 Average farm size was calculated by dividing total area of farms by total number of farms. Numbers were totaled for area of farms and number of farms for crop district 1A and 1B. 8

Farm land area has been classified into four uses of land: land in crops, summerfallow, tame or seeded pasture (improved) and natural land for pasture (unimproved). Most of the land in crop district 1 is used for crops and this seems to be increasing slightly, as viewed in Figure 6. Land used as summerfallow or as natural land for pasture is relatively equal and both have been decreasing since the early 198 s, although there has been more of the latter than the former in recent years. Tame or seeded pasture has been a very minor portion of the area in crop district 1, but it does seem to be increasing slightly..7 % of Total Land Area.6.5.4.3.2.1 Land in Crops Summerfallow Tame or Seeded Pasture Natural Land for Pasture 1986 1996 21 26 Figure 6: Farm land area classified by use of land in crop district 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada 3 Crop Yields and Acreage The following figures depict the seeded acres, harvested acres, yield (bushels per acre) and production (tones) for several crops in crop district 1. These crops are spring wheat, canola, durum, oats, winter wheat, barley, flaxseed and total rye. As viewed in Figure 7, the seeded and harvested acres of spring wheat closely follow one another over time. Since the mid-199 s the gap between acres seeded and acres harvested has diminished. This likely represents improved technology and efficiency. Seeded and harvested acres of spring wheat have been declining since the early 199 s, and today we are at a level that is lower than it was in the 197 s. 2 Numbers were totaled for farm operating arrangements for crop district 1A and 1B. Each series is presented as a percent of the total number of farms in crop district 1. Although an effort was made to report the true data, some census reports had different definitions for each series and thus there is some ambiguity in these data. 3 Data for farm land area was totaled for crop district 1A and 1B. Each series is reported as a percent of the total land area in crop district 1. 9

3 25 Acres 2 15 1 Harvested Seeded 5 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 7: Acres of Spring Wheat Seeded and Harvested for Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food 4 Figure 8 depicts the historical spring wheat yield. Although the yield is quite variable from year to year, the general trend over time is slightly positive. This could also reflect increasing technology and efficiency which continually improve yields per acre. 4 35 3 Yield (bu/acre) 25 2 15 1 5 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 8: Spring Wheat Yield for Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Food and Agriculture 5 4 Spring Wheat acres seeded and harvested for crop district 1A and 1B were totaled. This is repeated for all other seeded and harvested graphs below. 5 Spring Wheat yields for crop district 1A and 1B were averaged. This is repeated for all other yield graphs below. 1

Spring wheat production, shown in Figure 9, steadily increased from the early 197 s to the early 199 s. Since then, however, it has been steadily decreasing. Thus, although the yield per acre of spring wheat has been increasing, the overall production of spring wheat is decreasing. Production (tonnes) 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 9: Spring Wheat Production for Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food 6 The acres of canola seeded and harvested almost exactly follow each other over time (Figure 1). Up until the early 198 s, canola was not grown in significant quantities thus the graphs were limited to the years after. Since then, however, the number of acres seeded and harvested has increased dramatically. The number of acres seems to have remained at a constant level since the mid 199 s. 6 Spring Wheat production for crop district 1A and 1B were totaled. This was repeated for all other production graphs below. 11

Acres 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Series1 Series2 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 1: Acres of Canola Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food The yield per acre of canola has been variable, although it seems to be increasing over time (Figure 11). Again, canola was not grown in significant quantities until the early 198 s, and it has increased to approximately 25 bu/acre in recent years. 3 25 2 Acres 15 1 5 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 11: Canola Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food The before-mentioned decline in spring wheat production could be, in part, due to increasing canola production, as depicted in Figure 12. In the early 199 s, when spring wheat production began to decline, canola production began to increase rapidly. 12

4 35 Production (tonnes) 3 25 2 15 1 5 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 12: Canola Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food The acres of durum harvested and seeded has been quite variable since the early 197 s (Figure 13). It has ranged from approximately 5, acres to over 35, acres. Overall, the number of acres does not seem to be increasing or decreasing, but rather remaining at a relatively constant level. Data for crop district 1A in were missing. 4 35 3 Acres 25 2 15 Harvested Seeded 1 5 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 13: Acres of Durum Harvested and Seeded in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food In the early 199 s, durum yield suddenly increased to close to 6 bu/acre. Prior to this increase it averaged at 25 bu/acre. Since the early 199 s, durum yield has averaged at 3 bu/acre (Figure 14). 13

6 5 Yield (bu/acre) 4 3 2 1 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 14: Durum Yield for Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Durum production in crop district 1 has been highly variable since 1971, but seems to be slightly on the rise, as depicted in Figure 15. Production (tonnes) 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 15: Durum Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food The acres of oats seeded and harvested in crop district 1 do not follow each other as closely as canola and durum (Figure 16). The number of acres seems to have dipped in the late 198 s, increased in the mid 199 s, and then varied at approximately 25, acres since. 14

4 35 3 Acres 25 2 15 Harvested Seeded 1 5 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 16: Acres of Oats Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Oat yield has remained high since the early 197 s, although it was highly variable during the 198 s (Figure 17). In 25 the yield was about 6 bu/acre. 7 6 Yield (bu/acre) 5 4 3 2 1 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 17: Oat Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food The production of oats in crop district 1 declined in the late 197 s and stayed low until the early 199 s. The production drastically increased around this time and has remained close to 2, tonnes since then. Figure 18 depicts this trend. 15

Production (tonnes) 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 18: Oats Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Winter wheat was only grown in this region in significant quantities in the early 198 s. Again, winter wheat acres seeded and harvested seem to closely follow one another. In 1985, the number of acres devoted to this crop spiked to over 12, acres, but it declined just as severely shortly after. It seems to be increasing in recent years, although it is still highly variable (Figure 19). 14 12 1 Acres 8 6 4 2 Series1 Series2 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 19: Acres of Winter Wheat Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Winter wheat yield per acre declined in the early 198 s decreasing even to zero in. Since the early 199 s, it has shown signs of increasing (Figure 2). 16

6 5 Yield (bu/acre) 4 3 2 1 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 2: Winter Wheat Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Figure 21 shows the winter wheat production in crop district 1 since its beginning in. There were two large increases in the production; one in the mid 198 s and the other around 21. Overall, winter wheat seems to be increasing in this region. 1 9 Production (tonnes) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 21: Winter Wheat Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food The acres of barley seeded and harvested decreased at a decreasing rate until the early 199 s when it began to increase. It reached approximately 45, acres and then decreased slightly to where it is today; at approximately 35, acres (Figure 22). 17

5 45 4 35 Acres 3 25 2 Harvested Seeded 15 1 5 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 22: Acres of Barley Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Barley yield per acre has been highly variable, but overall it seems to be on the rise. In 25 the yield was just over 5 bu/acre (Figure 23). 6 5 Yield (bu/acre) 4 3 2 1 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 23: Barley Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Barley production in crop district 1, although highly variable, declined until the mid 198 s, and has been rising ever since, as depicted in Figure 24. 18

Production (tonnes) 6 5 4 3 2 1 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 24: Barley Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food The acres of flaxseed seeded and harvested in crop district 1 remained relatively low until the early 199 s when it increased dramatically (Figure 25). The number of acres harvested remained very similar to the number of acres seeded, except in 24 when the number of acres harvested were about 1, acres lower than the number of acres seeded. 35 3 25 Acres 2 15 1 5 Harvested Seeded 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 25: Acres of Flaxseed Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Flaxseed yield per acre has been variable over time, although generally it seems to be on the rise. In 25, the yield was more than 2 bu/acre (Figure 26). 19

25 2 Yield (bu/acre) 15 1 5 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 26: Flaxseed Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Flaxseed production remained relatively low throughout most of the 197 s and 8 s. In the early 199 s, its production began to increase steadily, although in recent years it has oscillated widely. Flaxseed production is shown in Figure 27. Production (tonnes) 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 27: Flaxseed Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food The acres harvested and seeded of total rye has been variable over time and seems to be declining slightly (Figure 28). The number of acres seeded has followed closely the number of acres harvested, except in 1992 and 1993 when no acres were seeded; although some acres were still harvested in those years. This may be attributed to missing data. 2

12 1 8 6 4 2 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Acres Harvested Seeded Figure 28: Acres of Total Rye Seeded and Harvested in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Total rye yield per acre has been variable, but increasing in this region since the early 197 s. In 25, the yield was approximately 35 bu/acre (Figure 29). 5 45 4 Yield (bu/acre) 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 29: Total Rye Yield in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Total rye production in crop district 1 had a large increase in the early 198 s, but seems to overall be decreasing slightly in this region. This is depicted in Figure 3. 21

Production (tonnes) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1997 1999 21 23 25 Figure 3: Total Rye Production in Crop District 1 from 1971 to 25, Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food Livestock 7 The total number of cattle and calves in crop district 1 has been steadily increasing since the late 198 s. This trend closely mirrors that of the whole province, as depicted in Figure 31. From the total cattle and calves, the numbers of cows and calves have been increasing and the numbers of bulls, steers and heifers have remained relatively constant. Number (Saskatchewan) 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Number (Crop District 1) Total Cattle and Calves in Saskatchewan Total Cattle and Calves in Crop District 1 1986 1996 21 26 Figure 31: Total Cattle and Calves from to 26, Statistics Canada 7 Data for all livestock were totaled for crop district 1A and 1B. 22

The total number of cows, including both dairy and beef cows, in crop district 1 have been increasing since 1986. In 26, Statistics Canada reported 157,128 cows in the region (Figure 32). 18 16 14 12 Number 1 8 6 4 2 1986 1996 21 26 Figure 32: Total Cows in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada Since, there have been many more beef cows in the region than dairy cows. However, this difference has become more pronounced since. Both beef and dairy cows decreased from to, increased in 1996, and then have decreased to 26 (Figure 33). Number (Dairy) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1986 1996 21 26 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Number (Beef) Dairy Cows Beef Cows Figure 33: Beef and Dairy Cows in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada 23

The number of heifers in crop district 1 slightly decreased until 1996, and then increased at an increasing rate to 26. The data below includes both beef and dairy heifers. Statistics Canada reported 37,97 heifers in the region in 26 (Figure 34). Number 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 1986 1996 21 26 Figure 34: Heifers in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada The number of steers in crop district 1 has been variable. The number in 26 was reported to be 17,13 which is slightly below the number in (Figure 35). 25 2 Number 15 1 5 1986 1996 21 26 Figure 35: Steers in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada The number of calves in crop district 1 has been increasing since 1986. 132,599 were reported in the region in 26 (Figure 36). 24

14 12 1 Number 8 6 4 2 1986 1996 21 26 Figure 36: Calves in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada The number of bulls has been slightly variable, although it is rising on the whole. In 26, 747 were reported in the region (Figure 37). Number 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1986 1996 21 26 Figure 37: Bulls in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada Hens and chickens are the next most popular form of livestock in crop district 1 after cattle. The number of hens and chickens in crop district 1 has been rapidly decreasing since the early 198 s; according to Statistics Canada, in 26 there were 18,213 and in there were 187,171. This represents a 9% decrease over 25 years. However, the numbers of hens and chickens in Saskatchewan as a whole have been increasing since the mid 199 s, as shown in Figure 38. It seems that hen and chicken farming has become less important in crop district 1. 25

Number (Saskatchewan) 6 5 4 3 2 1 1986 1996 21 26 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Number (Crop District 1) Hens and Chickens in Saskatchewan Hens and Chickens in Crop District 1 Figure 38: Total Hens and Chickens from to 26, Statistics Canada The number of pigs in crop district 1 has been variable from year to year, although overall it seems to be increasing. The number of pigs in Saskatchewan has been steadily increasing since the early 198 s, as shown in Figure 39. It seems that pig farming has become more important in crop district 1. Number (Saskatchewan) 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 6 5 4 3 2 1 Number (Crop District 1) Pigs in Saskatchewan Pigs in Crop District 1 1986 1996 21 26 Figure 39: Total Number of Pigs from to 26, Statistics Canada The numbers of horses, ponies, sheep and lambs steadily increased throughout most of the 199 s, but have sharply declined since 21. The numbers of goats in crop district 1 have also steadily been increasing, although there was a slight decline in 1996. 26

Capital and Cost of Production Total farm capital in crop district 1 has been increasing over time, as shown in Figure 4. Most of the capital has been devoted to land and buildings, although this seems to be decreasing in recent years. The value of farm machinery and equipment has been relatively stable over time. The value of livestock and poultry has varied slightly more, but overall has also remained relatively stable..8 % of Total Farm Capital.7.6.5.4.3.2.1 Farm Machinery and Equipment Livestock and Poultry Total Land and Buildings 1986 1996 21 26 Figure 4: Farm Capital in Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada 8 Farm business operating expenses have also been steadily increasing since the early 198 s. In Figure 41, crop expenditures include feed, supplements, seed, fertilizers, lime and other agricultural chemicals. Since the early 199 s, crop expenses have taken a higher and higher proportion of the total operating expenses, and since the late 198 s livestock expenses have taken an ever smaller proportion. In, crop and livestock expenses cost approximately equal proportions of the total operating expenses. 8 Data for farm capital was totaled for crop district 1A and 1B. 27

% of Total Expenses.4.35.3.25.2.15.1.5 Total Crop Expenses Total Livestock Expenses 1986 1996 21 26 Figure 41: Farm Business Operating Expenses for Crop District 1 from to 26, Statistics Canada 9 Summary and Conclusions Roughly 38% of the total farm area in Canada is found in Saskatchewan making it a very important region, especially for cereal crops. Average farm sizes have been increasing meaning that actual numbers of farms are declining. Most farms report only one operating arrangement, and a very small percentage report a partnership or corporation. The amount of land used for crops is on the rise, and crop yields per acre are increasing as well implying improved technology and efficiency. However, harvested acres, seeded acres and production of spring wheat are declining, partly due to the rising importance of other oilseed crops such as canola. There has not been much difference in the acreage of durum over the last 3 decades, although the yield per acre and production may be slightly increasing. Oat acreage and production has also been steady, although the yield per acre seems to be increasing slightly. There is evidence that winter wheat, barley and flaxseed are becoming more important crops in this region as the acreage, production, and yield show signs of increasing. The acreage and production of rye has been declining in recent years, although again the yield per acre is increasing slightly. Cattle, calves, cows, heifers, bulls and pigs are increasing, while steers, hens and chickens are declining drastically. Dairy and beef cows have been decreasing, although currently there are much more beef cows than dairy cows in this region. The value of land and buildings shows signs of decreasing, while the value of livestock and poultry, and farm machinery and equipment remain constant. Crop expenditures are taking higher and higher proportions of total farm expenditures while livestock expenditures seem to be taking smaller proportions. 9 Data for farm business operating expenses were totaled for crop district 1A and 1B. Data for livestock expenses in was unavailable and many other types of expenses were not included in the figure such as wages and rent. 28

References Lower Souris River Watershed. 27. Background Report Lower Souris River Watershed. Received August 13, 27 from http://www.lowersourisriverwatershed.com /index.html Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food. 27. Saskatchewan Crop Yields by Rural Municipality. Received August 15, 27 from http://www.agr.gov.sk.ca/ Statistics Canada 26 Census. 27. Agricultural Profile of Saskatchewan. Received August 17, 27 from http://www.statcan.ca/ Statistics Canada 21 Census. 22. Agricultural Profile of Saskatchewan. Received August 17, 27 from http://www.statcan.ca/ Statistics Canada 1996 Census. 1997. Agricultural Profile of Saskatchewan. Published by authority of the Minister of Industry. Catalogue no. 95-179-XPB. ISBN -66-59278-9. Ottawa. Statistics Canada Census. 1992. Agricultural Profile of Saskatchewan. Published by authority of the Minister of Industry, Science and Technology. Catalogue no. 95-37. ISBN -66-57243-5. Ottawa. Statistics Canada 1986 Census. 1987. Agricultural Profile of Saskatchewan. Published by authority of the Minister of Supply and Services Canada. Catalogue no. 96-11. ISBN -66-53547-5. Ottawa. Statistics Canada Census. 1982. Agricultural Profile of Saskatchewan. Published by authority of the Minister of Supply and Services Canada. Catalogue no. 96-99. ISBN -66-513-5. Ottawa. 29

Appendix A: Data in Tabular Form Number of Livestock in Crop District 1 Total Cattle and Calves Total Cows Dairy Cows Beef Cows Heifers Steers Calves Bulls 26475 112538 773 1488 28253 26 96731 543 1986 219192 8815 5476 82629 27578 21768 76931 481 233715 99334 2577 53466 26632 14139 88373 5237 1996 265918 116761 3315 113446 271 16178 99642 6327 21 27579 12295 2734 119361 2991 1161 16942 589 26 352297 157128 941 87922 3797 1713 132599 747 Number of Crop Acres in Crop District 1 Total Wheat Spring Wheat Durum Winter Wheat Oats Barley Mixed Grains 1683133 13947 264434 86 184515 26248 5612 1986 24629 1942168 21496 14122 12653 196556 4859 244558 179439 48745 5224 12951 179354 548 1996 1577869 123871 38841 3957 316197 34129 319 21 1191184 456289 2414 35987 236999 3451 7325 26 897634 751852 19361 36421 282354 28256 11368 Number of Crop Acres in Crop District 1 Total Rye Canola Flaxseed Mustard Seed Sunflower Dry Field Peas Lentils 87657 7483 18885 13181 934 1986 33219 7572 5698 4764 489 1459 7278 31352 94143 43268 3159 13778 2389 1434 1996 3362 328725 1483 6575 9275 4887 1348 21 12754 47862 2567 39861 6766 137342 41928 26 32514 489968 312982 1664 5622 126968 3451 Farm Land Area Classified by Use of Land in Crop District 1 Total Area of Farms Tame or Seeded Pasture Natural Land for Pasture Land in Crops Summerfallow 5268647 2563422 1293552 199992 11541 1986 523884 2799818 113613 139236 1126187 52282 282382 197336 172246 846597 1996 518743 31387 7125 216892 754595 21 596131 3148425 58893 27335 743111 26 5174 33953 35287 479581 739154 3

Farm Capital in Crop District 1 Total Farm Capital Farm Machinery and Equipment Livestock and Poultry Total Land and Buildings $2,4,473,921 $433,519,535 $149,233,199 $1,817,731,187 1986 $2,124,742,47 $56,664,251 $133,715,688 $1,484,362,18 $2,61,894,628 $553,487,193 $179,932,51 $1,328,474,925 1996 $2,43,283,469 $673,598,895 $169,853,277 $681,21,941 21 $2,492,7,384 $675,31,97 $337,326,895 $1,479,378,519 26 $2,677,775,34 $72,81,29 $257,914,882 $1,717,779,249 Farm Business Operating Expenses in Crop District 1 Total Expenses Total Crop Expenses Total Livestock Expenses $11,261,34 $36,37,461 $ 1986 $245,779,792 $39,23,357 $32,241,693 $333,198,58 $43,18,149 $41,117,566 1996 $368,69,248 $89,95,29 $44,611,175 21 $387,253,588 $121,662,515 $39,65,114 26 $457,97,469 $172,66,222 $35,181,172 Operating Arrangements in Crop District 1 Total Number of Farms Sole Proprietorship Partnership Corporation Other 5559 4877 528 142 12 1986 5233 4477 585 161 1 4871 363 146 144 16 1996 4592 3243 159 278 12 21 4137 2828 986 316 7 26 3566 2366 817 377 6 Other Livestock in Crop District 1 Hens and Chickens Pigs Sheep and Lambs Horses and Ponies Goats 187171 45747 584 726 1986 1423 33454 4995 9373 525 1525 39932 5221 9161 765 1996 33448 36493 4274 14513 534 21 3288 35585 13284 14949 1529 26 18213 52876 8892 1141 1374 31

Spring Wheat, Crop District 1A Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 593 593 28 4511 1972 487 487 2.9 277 1973 612 612 25.3 422 1974 539 539 23.4 343 1975 549 549 24.6 3681 1976 669 669 24.3 4424 1977 624 624 27.3 4629 1978 653 653 31.8 5656 1979 74 74 19.8 3792 198 666 666 21.6 3911 742 742 25.5 5143 1982 751 751 26.3 5381 1983 852 852 22.3 5168 1984 842 842 18.7 428 1985 886 886 23.1 5579 1986 93 93 34.7 8786 1987 914 914 27.9 6945 1988 883 883 13.9 335 1989 842 842 16.2 3714 199 9495 9495 31.9 8242 9497 9497 23.4 656 1992 928 91 33.2 814 1993 939 8923 28.5 6911 1994 6529 6411 26.2 457 632954 626833 25 426843 1996 645657 642552 29 56823 1997 566227 563714 21.4 327824 1998 393678 392747 26.6 284539 1999 324388 32153 23.6 25678 2 366287 364492 28.9 286987 21 466914 46447 26 328629 22 42451 418686 28 31968 23 415 47186 24 265647 24 379275 322655 3.8 27372 25 34354 33847 3 276222 32

Spring Wheat, Crop District 1B Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 431 431 29.3 344 1972 386 386 23.3 245 1973 461 461 25.7 323 1974 387 387 2.1 212 1975 429 429 22.8 2661 1976 558 558 25.2 3832 1977 559 559 33.9 5152 1978 576 576 33.4 524 1979 565 565 16 2461 198 589 589 2.3 3252 665 665 28.2 516 1982 713 713 25.8 56 1983 84 84 23.5 514 1984 815 815 18.7 4153 1985 85 85 26.5 5796 1986 797 797 34.3 7446 1987 776 776 28.7 654 1988 743 743 18.7 3787 1989 745 745 2.2 413 199 8232 8232 37.3 8363 8444 8444 26.7 6136 1992 7297 7977 29.2 6338 1993 6821 6554 25.9 4623 1994 382 3752 25.9 2645 338656 37118 3.4 254241 1996 489671 485843 33.7 44532 1997 54141 53519 25.4 3724 1998 35364 35237 32.1 382 1999 292583 288586 29.3 2329 2 39437 392231 33.8 361149 21 479822 478646 31 43449 22 395253 387557 32.9 346452 23 386319 38461 28.8 31949 24 36228 328771 3.7 274498 25 311274 39945 35.1 295971 33

Canola, Crop District 1A Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 599 599 18.8 255 1972 326 326 17.7 131 1973 348 348 16.3 129 1974 36 36 13.8 113 1975 461 461 12.9 135 1976 1977 1978 1979 198 18 18 14.5 35 51 51 18 21 1982 58 58 2.4 27 1983 81 81 15.4 28 1984 67 67 1.6 16 1985 112 112 16.7 43 1986 291 291 25 165 1987 286 286 23.6 153 1988 6 6 15.7 213 1989 42 42 5 48 199 144 144 2.3 66 1992 932 85 28.1 542 1993 1519 1496 27.6 938 1994 372 349 21 1452 277313 276831 18.4 115372 1996 148672 148375 24.7 8364 1997 2519 2519 18 1186 1998 26263 261351 21.4 126568 1999 2599 249351 21.7 12293 2 29925 297944 25.6 17347 21 27915 27639 21.4 133651 22 299161 29886 29 196319 23 3593 34563 16.7 11513 24 282727 274845 25 155899 25 39643 3755 25.6 178577 34

Canola, Crop District 1B Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 49 49 18.8 174 1972 223 223 17.6 89 1973 238 238 16.5 89 1974 247 247 13.7 77 1975 315 315 13 93 1976 1977 1978 1979 198 227 227 14 72 55 55 19.6 24 1982 145 145 19.5 64 1983 198 198 16.9 76 1984 33 33 11.6 87 1985 348 348 19.4 153 1986 461 461 28.2 294 1987 445 445 25.5 257 1988 98 98 14.9 331 1989 66 66 1.2 153 199 282 282 22.8 146 941 941 28.9 617 1992 1367 1246 26.3 742 1993 261 2571 25 1458 1994 3531 354 19.8 1571 288629 282867 14.6 9374 1996 154769 152342 24.4 84443 1997 2665 2665 21.2 12845 1998 315128 314629 21.8 155293 1999 27938 2751 21.7 135568 2 283966 283372 25.4 163277 21 212633 211781 22.6 18579 22 26748 26589 33.8 158278 23 252996 252293 19.9 11378 24 264219 24832 2.8 117183 25 26252 26657 28.8 17117 35

Durum, Crop District 1A Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 16 16 27 779 1972 125 125 25.6 871 1973 12 12 24.5 799 1974 16 16 2.8 61 1975 125 125 24.1 821 1976 175 175 24.7 1175 1977 9 9 25.7 629 1978 24 24 3.7 176 1979 159 159 2.1 869 198 192 192 2.7 179 28 28 22.6 1282 1982 169 169 24.8 114 1983 119 119 21.5 696 1984 129 129 16 56 1985 123 123 21.3 714 1986 162 162 33.3 1466 1987 183 183 27 1347 1988 195 195 12.9 684 1989 235 235 14.7 943 199 2174 2174 32.7 1935 1992 1851 1851 35.5 1789 1993 131 1288 34.1 1195 1994 224 2145 27.9 1627 216148 21665 26 152825 1996 22976 22976 29.5 18371 1997 239412 237339 21.3 137321 1998 322659 321733 25.8 225781 1999 16747 11562 26.2 72289 2 322477 32134 32.4 28313 21 18772 183319 24.8 123574 22 169954 167293 24.8 112875 23 184372 182857 2.3 11247 24 14812 133851 29.5 1761 25 125755 124391 32.8 11118 36

Durum, Crop District 1B Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 28 28 28.9 22 1972 53 53 24.3 35 1973 31 31 24.9 21 1974 39 39 19.8 21 1975 59 59 23 37 1976 37 37 25.5 256 1977 18 18 32.6 16 1978 66 66 33.2 597 1979 55 55 16.1 242 198 69 69 2.6 387 57 57 26.6 412 1982 53 53 24.8 357 1983 35 35 23.7 225 1984 46 46 17.3 217 1985 45 45 25 36 1986 52 52 33.2 47 1987 89 89 26.7 646 1988 89 89 18.2 442 1989 14 14 21 593 199 887 887 37.2 898 487 487 56.4 749 1992 257 253 27 186 1993 164 164 31.1 139 1994 445 426 26.1 33 2464 16497 42.8 19236 1996 27358 27358 35.2 26189 1997 3525 3525 33.5 3256 1998 47499 47499 32.8 4249 1999 819 7938 34.1 7357 2 31619 31619 36.7 31598 21 11151 11151 28.1 8527 22 17755 17755 31.3 15127 23 28135 28135 3 22943 24 232 17694 23.4 11286 25 15734 15734 39.3 16832 37

Winter Wheat, Crop District 1A Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 198 5 5 32.2 44 1982 1 1 3.2 82 1983 15 15 27.6 113 1984 35 35 24.1 229 1985 59 59 18.9 33 1986 58 58 2.7 327 1987 284 284 21.6 167 1988 9 9 8 2 1989 3 3 17.7 14 199 72 72 24.4 48 1992 19 18 3.6 15 1993 56 5 21.3 29 1994 3 3 32.3 3 1996 13136 13136 3 173 1997 14247 1389 27 125 1998 425 3392 29.7 2739 1999 444 3869 39.3 4135 2 25182 25182 52.2 35772 21 42217 4624 3.9 34168 22 16226 12266 25.2 842 23 18659 18659 39.2 19881 24 14626 14626 48.1 19145 25 25153 25153 3.4 2831 38

Winter Wheat, Crop District 1B Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 198 5 5 32.2 44 1982 1 1 31.5 86 1983 15 15 29.2 119 1984 35 35 24.1 229 1985 72 72 21.5 421 1986 47 47 23.3 297 1987 169 169 21 97 1988 5 5 16.8 23 1989 6 6 22.7 37 199 166 166 36.9 167 1992 26 25 32.3 22 1993 53 48 32.5 43 1994 38 31 29.3 25 19372 14894 41 16634 1996 27938 25936 34.7 24491 1997 1557 12279 26.9 8998 1998 15164 13975 33.2 12622 1999 1532 15142 48.7 257 2 3351 3351 5.8 4635 21 52251 51297 39.8 5569 22 22923 17553 32.3 15416 23 16435 16435 25.6 11456 24 1325 9664 38.1 126 25 1984 1984 34.5 138 39

Oats, Crop District 1A Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 118 18 52.3 871 1972 113 99 54.2 828 1973 14 133 51.7 16 1974 156 1362 4.6 852 1975 163 152 47.7 1119 1976 13 1 47.6 733 1977 143 1188 45.9 841 1978 93 91 55.6 781 1979 68 66 37.2 379 198 65 5 36 277 86 74 39 445 1982 68 54 5.3 419 1983 52 4 38.4 237 1984 54 38 24.5 144 1985 64 4 4.6 25 1986 57 51 66.2 521 1987 47 39 51 37 1988 563 37 24.8 142 1989 7 52 21 168 199 361 32 51.5 254 48 278 45.6 196 1992 657 482 6.8 452 1993 633 558 57.2 492 1994 836 644 56.1 557 84265 8117 56.9 7181 1996 133215 126371 57.3 111734 1997 13164 118326 44.6 81377 1998 152255 137529 55.4 117421 1999 126675 15123 45.2 73353 2 9619 81522 55.9 7324 21 82442 59874 52 4836 22 124913 13444 5.4 8438 23 148596 1988 39.9 67126 24 128565 88761 62.2 85163 25 167 89463 56.9 78445 4

Oats, Crop District 1B Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 169 146 58.7 1322 1972 156 132 48.1 979 1973 197 175 54.5 147 1974 218 1963 39.4 1193 1975 26 166 4.6 139 1976 178 15 52 122 1977 167 1429 63.5 14 1978 13 119 53.6 984 1979 17 84 33.6 435 198 1 52 41.7 334 133 111 42.6 729 1982 11 86 46.5 616 1983 97 75 37.8 437 1984 92 63 22.6 22 1985 98 73 4.6 457 1986 94 73 64.8 729 1987 69 52 55.2 442 1988 719 48 27.9 27 1989 9 55 27.7 235 199 616 48 65.6 486 622 464 52.1 373 1992 1193 95 51.6 756 1993 1323 145 64.3 136 1994 1536 1234 56.9 183 13569 111326 55.5 95323 1996 26673 176624 65.2 177666 1997 162526 135139 5.9 1618 1998 187552 164581 56.1 142514 1999 145462 115314 45.3 8512 2 155376 131461 56 11367 21 14547 15165 54.5 88434 22 1879 15966 62.4 15348 23 181865 13591 46 96411 24 169923 12356 67.9 12948 25 161717 12377 63 116973 41

Barley, Crop District 1A Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 24 24 45 248 1972 218 218 35 1663 1973 189 187 43.2 176 1974 177 169 3.2 111 1975 129 124 35.6 96 1976 8 8 37.6 656 1977 17 17 45.4 158 1978 9 9 48.8 956 1979 81 81 29.6 523 198 99 98 3.6 653 18 18 34.5 81 1982 89 86 41.4 776 1983 89 82 31.5 562 1984 11 97 23.5 495 1985 13 91 36.9 731 1986 13 12 56.8 1262 1987 126 126 44.9 1233 1988 1154 14 26.2 593 1989 1226 182 22.8 538 199 1156 195 5.9 1214 963 713 39 66 1992 845 825 56.1 18 1993 1249 1194 52.8 1371 1994 944 97 53 147 123576 12111 44.7 11775 1996 126881 125156 51.3 139711 1997 136862 129959 42.9 121428 1998 13268 126947 5.6 139921 1999 152785 146249 41.6 132486 2 222862 21342 5.8 236131 21 186622 17964 47.4 185427 22 214563 26245 43.3 194457 23 1679 15199 39 127661 24 187224 153876 55.4 18559 25 181442 167747 49.6 18173 42

Barley, Crop District 1B Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 215 215 47.2 221 1972 188 188 37.9 1552 1973 136 135 46.3 136 1974 171 167 29.7 18 1975 133 125 3.1 82 1976 98 98 42.1 899 1977 125 125 56 1524 1978 161 158 49.3 1696 1979 136 13 26.9 762 198 13 121 34.2 91 158 155 35.7 126 1982 127 124 4.5 193 1983 1 93 31 629 1984 17 96 21.5 45 1985 15 82 36.8 657 1986 1 1 55.5 128 1987 117 113 5 123 1988 1131 12 27.1 63 1989 16 957 3.8 642 199 1115 185 59 1393 831 762 44.7 741 1992 647 615 53.5 717 1993 1161 146 54.9 1249 1994 1499 144 44 1379 1659 149413 46.8 152292 1996 18456 167323 57 27547 1997 1989 175434 44.5 169869 1998 1672 157 47.4 155465 1999 176719 1681 42.3 14815 2 241263 217961 53.2 252311 21 183136 169592 52.2 192814 22 17287 147926 49.2 158382 23 18658 159274 48.1 166896 24 192232 155818 56.5 191653 25 192251 168157 54.6 26 43

Flaxseed, Crop District 1A Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 678 678 11.7 21 1972 474 474 12.1 146 1973 461 461 13.2 155 1974 476 476 9.7 117 1975 425 425 11.4 123 1976 335 335 12.3 14 1977 771 771 13 255 1978 433 433 15.1 166 1979 672 672 1 171 198 253 253 11.1 71 363 363 11.4 15 1982 493 493 15.5 194 1983 28 28 12.9 92 1984 49 49 7.2 89 1985 26 26 1.1 67 1986 256 256 19.7 128 1987 182 182 16.8 78 1988 1 1 9.4 24 1989 273 273 6.2 43 199 32 32 18.5 15 178 178 11.6 52 1992 13 124 16.5 52 1993 217 211 22.2 119 1994 53 498 17.4 221 76778 76778 19.8 38545 1996 67537 67537 21.8 37338 1997 98536 98536 15.9 39697 1998 142411 142411 18.5 6692 1999 14418 14188 17.4 62275 2 12194 12391 17.4 53197 21 188726 186967 17.7 8421 22 19124 18882 17.5 83784 23 185897 18299 14.3 65438 24 16294 11564 14.1 41264 25 17374 169836 21.1 99 44

Flaxseed, Crop District 1B Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 491 491 14.9 186 1972 524 524 13 173 1973 473 473 14.9 179 1974 48 48 9.5 116 1975 365 365 11.5 17 1976 129 129 15.4 5 1977 44 44 2.6 211 1978 56 56 19.2 247 1979 956 956 9 218 198 472 472 13.5 161 367 367 13.9 13 1982 258 258 14.7 96 1983 148 148 14.7 55 1984 292 292 8.3 62 1985 242 242 13.5 83 1986 35 35 22 17 1987 218 218 19.9 11 1988 151 151 13.2 5 1989 294 294 8.5 63 199 27 27 21.5 147 255 255 14.3 93 1992 99 81 16.5 34 1993 36 349 2.7 184 1994 734 727 19.9 367 11869 114831 18.9 55259 1996 8165 72747 21 38796 1997 95632 95632 18.5 44832 1998 13778 13778 18.6 61766 1999 85774 84725 18.5 39765 2 84184 8357 17.2 36393 21 1763 17382 19.7 53618 22 118578 11778 22.1 65671 23 1389 137731 17.5 61342 24 1636 1774 11.4 3992 25 12787 12618 21.7 69568 45

Total Rye, Crop District 1A Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 585 585 22.5 335 1972 29 29 2.6 152 1973 229 229 23.6 137 1974 352 352 21.2 19 1975 347 347 24.2 213 1976 192 192 29.7 145 1977 192 192 28.3 138 1978 274 274 3.5 212 1979 246 246 22.6 141 198 311 311 18 142 623 623 28.9 458 1982 68 68 32.4 56 1983 68 68 28.8 497 1984 587 587 24.5 365 1985 462 462 22.2 261 1986 189 184 31 145 1987 182 177 26.7 12 1988 161 153 15.2 59 1989 384 375 25.4 242 199 379 291 31.4 232 28 149 21.1 8 1992 221 41.5 232 1993 215 29.9 164 1994 174 1841 37.5 17185 2539 2222 31.8 1859 1996 12581 12539 31.6 1232 1997 23243 2233 24.2 1345 1998 34549 32276 29.4 24152 1999 28612 28457 36 263 2 22429 2266 44.8 2594 21 743 7148 4.2 7291 22 7464 6412 42.9 6983 23 8849 818 34.7 7214 24 739 695 53.7 9422 25 11782 11676 33.7 9992 46

Total Rye, Crop District 1B Seeded Harvested Yield (bu/acre) Production (tonnes) 1971 316 316 22.4 18 1972 156 156 2.4 81 1973 123 123 23.7 74 1974 191 191 21.2 13 1975 187 187 24.2 115 1976 13 13 3.2 79 1977 14 14 28 74 1978 147 147 3.8 115 1979 133 133 22.5 76 198 186 186 12.9 61 25 25 32.4 26 1982 276 276 32.4 227 1983 252 252 3.9 198 1984 224 224 25.1 143 1985 254 254 22 142 1986 122 119 29.8 9 1987 111 18 24.4 67 1988 93 88 2.6 46 1989 212 27 24 126 199 199 153 34.2 133 15 75 35.2 67 1992 22 52.7 3 1993 62 31.1 49 1994 83 8591 36.2 79 6388 5277 34.2 4638 1996 4671 4177 36.4 397 1997 8853 825 3.3 6119 1998 19421 16635 28 11823 1999 9594 9241 35.1 8247 2 6492 5789 42.1 6193 21 3171 294 39.5 2946 22 23 4584 428 35.1 3592 24 1363 1174 14.9 443 25 6678 6615 35 5883 47