High performance steels

High performance steels

From casting of steel to finish die For over 125 years KIND & Co. Edelstahlwerk has been developing expertise in the production, finishing and development of high- alloyed steels. Tool steels and their application have shaped our company. Long standing experience, advanced technological equipment, primary steel melting, heat treatment and machining as well as innovative material technology, form the basis for our top quality products which are well respected all over the world and form a benchmark for competitors. Customer orientation and quality: these are central to our daily operation using advanced technology and flexible production as well as a proven quality management system. KIND High Performance steels are well known in a wide range of areas. Our steels and products can be found in all major industries including but not limited to die casting, hot stamping, plastics, die forging of iron and non iron alloys, extrusion, pipe engineering, glass production as well as steel and mining industry and mechanical engineering. KIND & Co. stands for quality, service and support of our clients. We listen to our customers and understand the problems which might arise when tools are being used. The long experience in the applications for tool steels and ongoing developments, allows us to solve those tooling problems that might arise. It is very important that a tool produces the maximum of required number of parts with a minimum of down times. Any production stop due to tool problems results in delays, higher production costs and thus a lack of productivity. Advanced tool steel grades with superior quality and properties have proven to reduce tool problems and production dead times and to secure a reliable tooling life and economy to meet the rising quality demands of the industry. 2

In addition to a broad range of traditional tool steel grades with superior properties, KIND & Co. has developed and supplies specific top materials for various special applications, which help our clients to increase performance and reduce total tool costs. Our flexibility allows us to develop tailored techniques and processes aligned with your requirements to help you achieve top performance in the increasing demands of new tooling solutions. Our customers receive everything in one single package: high quality steel as well as technical support, processing and finishing services to match their specific requirements. Each one of our global customers is unique. Yet we are proud to state that they all have one thing in common, steel by KIND & Co. This is why we constantly work to further enhance our high quality and customer-focused service. We are large enough to serve every customer, but still small enough to find individual solutions. Our experience has managed to extend our services to a truly global platform, while maintaining our traditional values. All our subsidiaries guarantee the same high quality, flexibility and service, wherever our customers are. KIND Special Alloys Asia Ltd. is a fully owned subsidiary representing KIND & Co. inside the Chinese and Asian market. Together we are proud to secure our position inside the tooling industry with our high class material made in Germany by local support and assistance. Do not settle with less than the best. Go for a better steel! Tailored tool steels for maximum quality and peak performance made in Germany by KIND & Co., Edelstahlwerk, KG. 3

Content Survey of TOOL steels Hot-work steels 5 Special grades for cold application 5 Corrosion-resistant martensitic steels 5 Austenitic steels 5 Nickel-based alloys 5 DATAsheet high performance steels 9 Technical Details - Tempering Diagram 40 Fields of application 42 Die casting 42 Extrusion 43 Die forging 44 Hot stamping 45 Glass moulds 45 Plastic moulds 46 Cold application 46 Physical Mechanical Properties of Tool Steels 47 Hot-work steels 47 Special grades for cold application 47 Corrosion-restistant martensitic steels 47 Austenitic steels 47 Nickel-based alloys 47 4

hot-work steels KIND brand name Mat.-No. AISI Page CR7V-L Special - 12 FTCo Special - 14 GSF Special - 15 HMoD 1.2889 H 19A 16 HP1 Special - 17 HTR Special - 18 HWD 1.2678 H 19 19 PD 1.2622-21 PWCo Special - 24 PWM 1.2714 L 6 25 Q10 Special - 26 RM10Co 1.2888-28 RP 1.2365 H 10 30 RPCo 1.2885 H 10A 31 RPU 1.2367-32 TQ1 Special - 35 USD 1.2344 H 13 36 USD-H 1.2345-37 USN 1.2343 H 11 38 Special grades for cold application CH16V 1.2379 D2 10 CR7V-L Special - 12 PM823 Special - 22 PW812 Special - 23 Corrosion-resisTANT martensitic steels CMR 1.2316-11 FAM 1.2787 ~ 431 13 RF 1.2083 ~ 420 27 RM161 B 1.4104-29 Austenitic Steels AWS 1.2731-9 HWF 1.2779 A286 20 ZF2 1.2782 310/314 39 Nickel-based alloys SA50Ni 2.4973 R41 33 SA718 2.4668 UNS 7718 34 5

Survey of TOOL steels hot-work steels KIND brand name Mat.-No. AISI Reference analysis As supplied condition HB C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni V Co W Nb Hardening temperature C Tempering temperature C Hardness range HRC CR7V-L Special - 0.42 0.50 0.40 6.50 1.30-0.80 - - - 240 1030-1040 500-700 56-34 7 FTCo Special - 0.53 0.35 0.40 4.00 2.00-1.10 0.90 1.50 + 240 1080-1120 550-650 58-42 14 GSF Special - 0.28 0.30 0.70 2.80 0.60 1.00 0.40 - - - 230 920-940 400-650 48-30 15 HMoD 1.2889 H 19A 0.45 0.30 0.40 4.50 3.00-2.00 4.50 - - 240 1120-1150 580-750 54-32 16 HP1 Special - 0.35 0.20 0.30 5.20 1.40-0.55 - - + 220 1010-1030 540-680 54-32 17 HTR Special - 0.32 0.20 0.30 2.20 1.20-0.50-3.8-230 1050-1070 570-680 46-40 18 HWD 1.2678 H 19 0.40 0.30 0.40 4.50 0.50-2.10 4.50 4.50-240 1130-1180 580-750 54-30 19 PD 1.2622-0.58 0.25 0.25 4.00 0.90-0.80-9.00-240 1130-1180 540-680 60-44 21 PWCo Special - 0.35 0.35 0.4 4.80 2.90-0.60 2.75 - - 235 1030-1040 520-600 50-34 24 PWM 1.2714 L 6 0.55 0.30 0.80 1.10 0.45 1.70 0.10 - - - 250 850-880 400-700 50-28 25 Q10 Special - 0.36 0.25 0.40 5.20 1.90-0.55 - - - 220 1010-1020 540-680 54-34 26 RM10Co 1.2888-0.02 0.20 0.50 9.50 2.00 - - 10.00 5.50-320 1100-1150 600-750 54-40 28 RP 1.2365 H 10 0.32 0.40 0.40 3.00 2.80-0.50 - - - 220 1020-1050 580-700 52-34 30 RPCo 1.2885 H 10A 0.32 0.40 0.40 3.00 2.80-0.60 3.00 - - 240 1040-1060 560-700 52-34 31 RPU 1.2367-0.38 0.40 0.40 5.00 3.00-0.60 - - - 220 1030-1060 520-700 55-36 32 TQ1 Special - 0.36 0.25 0.40 5.20 1.90-0.55 - - - 220 1010-1020 540-680 54-34 35 USD 1.2344 H 13 0.40 1.00 0.40 5.20 1.30-1.00 - - - 220 1020-1040 520-700 55-32 36 USD-H 1.2345-0.51 0.85 0.30 4.90 1.35-0.90 - - - 220 1050-1020 520-700 55-32 37 USN 1.2343 H 11 0.37 1.00 0.40 5.20 1.20-0.40 - - - 220 1000-1020 520-700 54-30 38 Special grades for cold application CH16V 1.2379 D 2 1.50 0.25 0.25 11.25 0.80-0.85 - - - 250 1010-1080 450-550 62-56 10 CR7V-L Special - 0.42 0.50 0.40 6.50 1.30-0.80 - - - 240 1030-1040 500-700 56-34 12 PM823 Special - 0.84 0.85 0.35 7.70 1.50-2.45 - - - 280 1070-1090 530-600 60-56 22 PW812 Special - 1.13 0.85 0.35 7.70 1.50-2.45 1.10 - - 285 1100-1120 510-600 64-56 23 Corrosion-resisTANT martensitic steels CMR 1.2316-0.40 1.00 1.00 16.00 1.20 1.00 - - - - approx. 300 1020-1050 600-650 35-29 11 FAM 1.2787 ~ 431 0.20 1.00 1.00 17.00-1.70 - - - - approx. 310 1020-1050 600-650 37-30 13 RF 1.2083 ~ 420 0.42 0.40 0.30 13.00 - - - - - - 240 1000-1030 200-250 55-53 27 RM161 B 1.4104-0.15 1.00 1.00 15.75 0.25 - - - - - ~ 223 HB 950-1070 550-650 29 Page Austenitic Steels KIND brand name Material no. AISI Reference analysis Tensile C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni V Co W Nb strength Hardening temperature C AWS 1.2731-0.50 1.40 0.70 13.00 13.00 0.60-2.40 - ~ 1000 MPa Solution annealed 1120-1150 HWF 1.2779 A286 0.08 1.00 1.10 15.00 1.50 26.00 - - Ti 2.20-950-1100 MPa Solution annealed 970-990 ZF2 1.2782 310/ 314 0.12 2.00 0.90 25.00-20.00 - - - - 550-800 MPa Solution annealed 1050-1100 Tempering temperature C Agehardened Agehardened 710-730 Agehardened 1010-1100 Hardness range HRC Page 9 20 39 Nickel-based alloys KIND brand name Material no. AISI Reference analysis Tensile C Si Mn Cr Mo Vi Al Co Ti Nb strength Hardening temperature C SA50Ni 2.4973 R41 0.12 0.50 0.10 19.00 9.50 Rest 1.60 11.0 3.0 - ~ 1250 MPa Solution annealed 1080 SA718 2.4668 UNS 7718 0.05 0.35 0.35 19.00 3.00 53.00 0.5-0.90 5.00 ~ 1300 MPa Solution annealed 980 Tempering temperature C Agehardened 760 Agehardened 720 Hardness range HRC Page 33 34 6

ESR (Electroslag remelting) 7

10 MN press 8

AWS C Si Mn Cr Ni V W AWS 1.2731 X50NiCrWV13-13 0.50 1.40 0.70 13.00 13.00 0.60 2.40 High temperature strength diagram Special austenitic hot work steel, high chromium nickel grade with tungsten and vanadium. Service strength of appr. 1000 MPa is obtained by hammer forging below recrystallization temperature or by a special heat treatment. Extrusion dies for bars, tubes and simple profiles of copper and copper alloys; extrusion dies for steel. State of delivery: this steel is supplied only in the shape of individually forged discs. Not required This steel is supplied at service strength of appr. 1000 MPa, ready for use. Preheating before use: 400-500 C - is recommended. 9

CH16V C Si Mn Cr Mo V CH16V 1.2379 X153CrMoV12 1.55 0.30 0.40 11.5 0.70 1.00 High chromium, ledeburitic cold-work tool steel with molybdenum and vanadium. The additions improve edge retaining and deep hardening properties; good dimensional stability; excellent wear resistance due to the ledeburitic structure. Nitriding is possible after special heat treatment. High performance blanking and punching dies for sheet thickness up to 5 mm; circular and straight shear blades for sheet thickness up to 4 mm; precision stamping dies; cold drawing tools, hobbing dies, thread cutting tools, cold pilger mandrels; flanging rolls; guide rolls; forming rollers for continuous production of steel profiles and tubes; small plastic moulds and inserts for abrasive materials. TTT-Diagram Annealing: Temperature: 820-850 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 250 HB Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 1-2 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1010-1050 C Quenching: oil, air or step quenching at appr. 350-450 C. Hardness obtainable: appr. 63-64 HRC. Tempering: Refer to diagram; preferring upper level. Special treatment: Hardening at 1050-1080 C; when tools be nitrided oil or step quenching at 350-450 C. Tempering: 520-570 C, suitable to nitriding Nitriding temperature: appr. 540 C. 10

CMR C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni CMR 1.2316 X38CrMo16 0.40 1.00 1.00 16.00 1.20 ( 1.00) Hardness HRC TTT-Diagram Hardenable steels, resistant to oxidation and corrosion. Hardenable steels, resistant oxidation and corrosion. The high chromium content provides a good resistance in corrosion, subject to surface being polished after heat treatment. Moulds for corrosive thermoplastic material. Chromizing is not necessary. This grade allows two grades allow very high polish. It is generally supplied prehardened to 800-1100 MPa according to request. Annealing: Temperature: 780-800 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: 250 HB Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 1-2 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1020-1050 C (CMR), quenching: oil or polymer (interrupt at appr. 120-150 C). Hardness obtainable: appr. 52 HRC Tempering: according to diagram, to values between 32-48 HRC. Nitriding: possible, with appropriate tempering; however, this treatment reduces resistance to corrosion. 11

CR7V-L C Si Mn Cr Mo V CR7V-L 0.42 0.50 0.40 6.50 1.30 0.80 12 High temperature strength diagram TTT-Diagram Special high chromium steel with molybdenum and vanadium. Suitable for cold and hot work. Good heat and excellent wear resistance. Good resistance to thermal shocks; high toughness. a) Hot work: Inserts and punches for forging dies; extrusion dies for steel forming; press tools for copper and copper alloys. Hot work shear blades and trimming tools. b) Hot stamping The hot stamping process of sheet steel for automotive body parts places high demands on the high-temperature strength and wear resistance of the tool steel that is used. Thanks to a working hardness of up to 56 HRC, CR7V-L special hot-work tool steel is especially resistant to wear and that is even without any additional surface treatment like nitriding or PVD coating. For the highest demands on hot stamping tools, we recommend using CR7V-L that is produced in the Electro-Slag-Remelting process (ESR). The improved toughness provides tool designers with additional opportunities c) Cold work: Shear blades and punches for sheet thickness from 6 to 12 mm. Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 240 HB Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 1-2 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1030-1040 C. Quenching; step quenching at appr. 540 C, air, oil or polymer (when oil or polymer, interrupt at 250-300 C) or vacuum hardening. Hardness obtainable: appr. 57 HRC. Tempering: Temperature: 500-700 C. To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times Nitriding: possible Preheating before use: 150-350 C is recommended.

FAM C Si Mn Cr Ni FAM 1.2787 X23CrNi17 0.20 <1.00 <1.00 17.00 1.7 High chromium hardenable steels. Good resistance to corrosion and scaling. Tensile strength R m MPa TTT-Diagram Glass industry. Moulds for tableware of improved glass quality; also for high melting technical hard glass. Delivery conditions: In special heat treated condition, ready for use, with the following technical data: 0,2% yield strength: min. 700 MPa Tensile strength: 1000-1150 MPa Resistant to scaling in air up to: appr. 900 C Thermal conductivity at 25,1 C: W/m K Coefficient of linear thermal expansion: between 20 C and 100 C: 10,0x10-6 m/m K 20 C and 200 C: 10,5x10-6 m/m K 20 C and 400 C: 11,0x10-6 m/m K 20 C and 600 C: 11,5x10-6 m/m K 13

FTCo C Si Mn Cr Mo V W Co Nb FTCo - - 0.53 < 0.35 0.40 4.00 2.00 1.20 1.50 0.90 + FTCo is a special tool steel with high concentration of carbide forming elements (Cr, Mo, V, W, Nb) offering advanced tempering and wear resistance. Dies and punches for forging applications exposed to high thermal and abrasive loads. Well suitable for punches of highspeed forging machines. Annealing: Temp. 820 C, Holding time 10 hours Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 300 HB Stress relieving: Temperature: approx. 600-650 C Hardening: Temperature: 1120-1140 C Hardness obtainable: approx. 58 HRC Tempering: Temperature: 560-600 C. To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times Preheating before use: 150-350 C is recommended. 14

GSF C Si Mn Cr Mo V Ni GSF 0.28 0.30 0.70 2.80 0.60 0.40 1.00 High temperature strength diagram GSF is an innovative high performance steel which stands for outstanding ductility, excellent heat resistance, very good through hardening capability, and high dimensional stability. GSF is supplied readily pre-tempered to working hardness 38-44 HRC, thus requires no additional heat treatment eliminating any additional costs and risk involved with external heat treatment. GSF shows a very good machinability and weldability. Due to the reduced C contents, the risk of cracking in the welding transition zone is limited. Due to his characteristics of high toughness and improved tempering resistance compared to 55NiCRMoV7 grades GSF is well suitable for dies, which are used under forging hammers or large scale dies in forging presses. The remelted version GSF ESR with a hardness of 38-44 HRC is well suitable for plastic processing moulds and allows a high polishing quality and very good texturing and etching due to excellent homogenity, fine microstructure and high cleanliness. TTT-Diagram Hammer forging dies in steel forming, specially for deep contours prone to cracking; Press dies where high toughness and good heat resistance is required / e.g. dies for medium sized or larger hydraulic presses; Calibration, deburring and trimming tools for forging presses; hammer and press saddles, hammer heads. Plastic moulds e.g for household applicances with requirement of higher wear resistance, high surface conditions and ductility up to a thickness of 400-450 mm; Plastic moulds processing PP, PA6 (Nylon), ABS, PMMA; Rubber moulds Roughing rolls (Forging rolls); Piercers and piercing sleeves for production of seamless steel bottles; Rolling mandrels and tapered rolls in the rolling technology sector Machine Components, Die holders and Armoring with strengths up to 1450 MPa; Shafts and Heavy-Duty Machine Components with yield points of > 750 MPa. Recommended working hardness: 1350-1450 MPa / 38-44 HRC As a rule this material is delivered already heat treated Hardness obtainable: approx. 51 HRC (60mm dia.; oil or polymer quenching) Tempering: Temperature: 400-650 C, as per requirement; see diagram Nidriding: possible Preheating before use: 150-350 C - is recommended. 15

HMoD C Si Mn Co Cr Mo V HMoD 1.2889 X45CoCrMoV5-5-3 0.45 0.30 0.40 4.50 4.50 3.0 2.0 High temperature strength diagram 0,2-proof stress and tensile strength MPa Hardness in HRC test temperature C 58 HMoD 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C TTT-Diagram High alloy hot-work steel with maximum tempering resistance, high temperature strength and wear resistance. Analysis is similar to that of HWD, but on molybdenum base instead of tungsten, thus providing improved toughness. Extrusion dies for brass, die holders for the extrusion of copper and copper alloys; die casting tools for copper and copper alloys, particularly for thin wall parts; cores exposed directly to pouring stream in die casting moulds for aluminium alloys; press tools, mainly punches, for copper and copper alloys; small inserts and dies for steel extrusion. Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 240 HB. Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1120-1150 C Quenching: air, step quenching at appr. 540 C, oil or polymer (when oil or polymer, interrupt at 250-300 C); or vacuum hardening. Hardness obtainable: appr. 54 HRC (oil or polymer quenching). Tempering: Temperature: 580-750 C To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times Nitriding: possible Preheating before use: 200-400 C is recommended. 16

HP1 C Si Mn P S Cr Mo V Nb HP1 0.35 0.20 0.30 < 0.012 < 0.003 5.20 1.40 0.55 + High temperature strength diagram A new developed quality standard by specific use of trace elements with improved useful properties and a high economic efficiency. HP1 is a hot-work tool steel with a high level of high-temperature strength. HP1 is only available as an ESR (Electro Slag Remelting) grade. To be used at applications with highest demands like die casting, extrusion industries and hot forming. Delivery condition: Soft annealed, max. 220 HB. Hardness in HRC 58 HP1 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C Soft annealing: 820-840 C, 4 6 h slow cooling in furnace Stress relieving: approx. 650 C, 2 4 h slow cooling Hardening: 1020 C Soaking time 60 min Air, nitrogen gas at vacuum hardening. martempering at 540 C, oil or polymer (to be interrupted at 230 280 C) Nitriding possible: For die casting dies we recommend our nitriding Program 99 without compound layer. Preheating before use: 100-300 C depending on application. Hardness recommendation for die casting dies: 40-42HRC TTT-Diagram 17

HTR C Si Mn P S Cr Mo V W HTR 0.32 0.20 0.30 < 0.015 < 0.005 2.20 1.20 0.50 3.80 High temperature strength diagram 58 HTR 56 54 52 50 HTR Specially developed hot-work tool steel to reduce the formation of heat checking cracks. HTR is a hot-work tool steel with an excellent thermal fatigue resistance, high thermal conductivity, and high-temperature strength in combination with good toughness. HTR is exclusively produced using the ESR process. To be used at applications with high thermal demands: High / low pressure die casting; extrusion; Hot / semi hot forming Delivery condition: Soft annealed, max. 230 HB. Density: 8.0 g/cm³ Soft annealing: 820-840 C, slow cooling in furnance Stress relieving: 600-650 C, 2 4 h slow cooling Hardening: 1050-1070 C Soaking time 60 min, oil, polymer, vacuum quenching with nitrogen gas Preheating before use: 100-300 C depending on application. Hardness in HRC 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C TTT-Diagram 18

HWD C Si Mn Co Cr Mo V W HWD 1.2678 X45CoCrWV5-5-5 0.40 0.30 0.40 4.50 4.50 0.50 2.10 4.50 High temperature strength diagram Hardness in HRC TTT-Diagram 58 HWD 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C Hot-work tool steel with a particularly well balanced alloy content. Maximum tempering resistance, high temperature strength and wear resistance, without the tendancy towards hot embrittlement which usually appears with tungsten base steels. Extrusion dies for brass, die holders for the extrusion of copper and copper alloys; die casting tools for copper and copper alloys, particularly for thin wall parts; core pins exposed directly to pouring stream in die casting dies for aluminium alloys; small dies and inserts for steel extrusion.water cooling is not possible. Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 240 HB Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1130-1180 C Quenching: air, step quenching at appr. 540 C, oil or polymer (when oil or polymer, interrupt at 250-300 C); or vacuum hardening. Hardness obtainable: appr. 54 HRC (oil or polymer quenching) Tempering: Temperature: 580-750 C To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times Nitriding: possible Preheating before use: 200-400 C is recommended. 19

HWF C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni Ti HWF 1.2779 X6NiCrTi26-15 0.08 1.00 1.10 15.00 1.50 26.00 2.10 High temperature strength diagram Austenitic, age hardening steel. Outstanding heat resisting properties. Particularly suitable for work at increased temperatures, when heat resistance of martensitic steels become insufficient. Extrusion tools, such as liners, dies and bridge tools for copper and copper alloys; hot shear blades on roll trains. State of delivery: solution annealed, or solution annealed and age hardened to obtain the following figures: min. 0,2 % elastic limit: 650 MPa tensile strength: 950-1150 MPa Heat treatment (if necessary): Solution heat treatment: Temperature: 970-990 C Holding time: 1 h; Still air cooling Tensile strength: appr. 850 MPa Ageing treatment: Temperature: 710-730 C Holding time: 16 h; Still air cooling Tensile strength: see above. 20

PD C Si Mn Cr Mo V W PD 1.2622 X60WCrMoV9-4 0.58 0.25 0.25 4.00 0.90 0.80 9.00 High temperature strength diagram High tungsten hot-work tool steel with characteristics similar to high speed steel. Maximum high temperature wear resistance and tempering resistance. Hot work punches and shear blades for steel; mandrels and die inserts for steel extrusion; screw dies; punches and hot trimming tools; hot-work tools for powder metallurgy. No water cooling. Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 260 HB. Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling is recommended Hardening: Temperature: 1130-1180 C Quenching: air, salt bath 540 C oil or polymer 250-300 C); vacuum hardening. Hardness obtainable: appr. 60 HRC. Tempering: Temperature: 540-680 C To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times Nitriding: possible Preheating before use: 100-300 C is recommended. TTT-Diagram 21

Pm823 C Si Mn Cr Mo V PM823 - - 0.85 0.85 0.35 7.70 1.50 2.45 Cold-work tool steel with high content of vanadium. Good through-hardenability, high toughness. Shear blades, cutting tools; straightening and profile rolls in case of high toughness and wear resistance requirements. Annealing: Temperature: 800-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 280 HB. Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 600-650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling is recommended Hardening: Temperature: 1070-1090 C Quenching: step quenching at appr. 540 C oil or polymer. Hardness obtainable: appr. 60 HRC. Tempering: Temperature: 530-600 C To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times 22

PW812 C Cr Mo V W PW812 - - 1.13 7.70 1.50 2.45 1.10 TTT-Diagram Cold-work tool steel with high content of vanadium. Good through-hardenability, high toughness. Shear blades, cutting tools; straightening and profile rolls in case of high toughness and wear resistance requirements. Annealing: Temperature: 800-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 285 HB. Stress relieving: appr. 600-650 C Hardening: Temperature: 1100-1120 C Quenching: air, salt bath 500-550 C oil or polymer; or vacuum hardening. Hardness obtainable: appr. 63 HRC. Tempering: Temperature: 510-600 C To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times 23

PWCo C Si Mn Cr Mo V Co PWCo - - 0.35 0.35 0.40 4.80 2.90 0.60 2.75 High temperature strength diagram Cobalt alloyed hot-work steel with good high temperature strength and high hot wear resistance. Forging dies with high requirements of wear resistance and flat cavities. Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max 235 HRB Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1030-1040 C vacuum hardening, step quenching 540 C. Hardness obtainable: appr. 53 HRC. Tempering: Temperature: 520-600 C To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times Preheating before use: 250-350 C is recommended. 24

PWM C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni V PWM 1.2714 55NiCrMoV7 0.55 0.30 0.80 1.10 0.50 1.70 0.10 High temperature strength diagram Standard high performance steel for forging dies. Good toughness, deep hardening properties and compressive strength. Dies of all kind for hammer and press forging of steel; tools for extrusion presses, such as press stems (up to medium specific pressures), mandrel holders, supports; shear blades; hot stamping dies for aluminium alloys; piercing tools for steel tube production. Annealing: Temperature: 740-760 C Holding time: 6-8 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 250 HB Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 630 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 850-900 C, quenching: oil or polymer (interrupt at appr. 150 C); or vacuum hardening; 880-900 C, quenching: forced air. Hardness obtainable: appr. 56 HRC (oil or polymer quenching), 60 mm Tempering: Temperature: 400-700 C Nitriding: possible within limits Preheating before use: 150-350 C is recommended. TTT-Diagram 25

Q10 C Si Mn Cr Mo V Q10 - - 0.36 0.25 0.40 5.20 1.90 0.55 Hardness in HRC High temperature strength diagram 0,2-proof stress and tensile strength MPa 58 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 Q10 test temperature C Q10 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C Chromium molybdenum vanadium hot work steel with very good properties of heat resistance and excellent toughness. Good resistance to changes in temperature. Forging dies, extrusion stems, inner liners, sleeves, extrusion die holder, extrusion mandrels, rolls for copper wire production. Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 220 HB. Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1010-1020 C Quenching: air, step quenching at appr. 540 C, oil or polymer (when oil or polymer, interrupt at 230-280 C), or vacuum hardening. Hardness obtainable: appr. 54 HRC. Tempering: Temperature: 540-680 C. To increase toughness, temper 3 times. Nitriding: possible. Preheating before use: 150-350 C depending on application. TTT-Diagram 26

RF C Si Mn Cr RF 1.2083 X40Cr14 0.42 0.40 0.30 13.00 Hardenable, stainless and corrosion resistant steel. Well hardening with minimum distortion, very good resistance to wear and compression. In the hardened condition this steel grade allows a very high polish. Good corrosions resistance only in hardened condition. Inserts and smaller moulds for injection and compression of corrosive plastic materials. TTT-Diagram Annealing: Temperature: 760-800 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 240 HB Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 1-2 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1000-1030 C Quenching: oil. (interrupt quenching at appr. 300 C) blast for small sections, step quenching at appr. 200 C (no nitric salt) Hardness obtainable: appr. 56 HRC Tempering: as required; see diagram (usually 200-250 C, to obtain a hardness of 53-55 HRC). 27

RM10Co C Si Mn Co Cr Mo W RM10Co 1.2888 X20CoCrWMo10-9 0.20 0.20 0.50 10.00 9.50 2.00 5.50 High temperature strength diagram Special high alloy hot-work tool steel. Extreme tempering resistance; suitable for all applications where particular resistance to high temperature wear and melt of metal is required. Extrusion tools for copper, copper alloys and steel, including special dies; die casting tools of all kinds for brass; goosenecks and chambers for magnesium die casting; extrusion tools for steel. No water cooling. Hardness in HRC 58 RM10Co 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C Annealing: Temperature: 840 + 760 C Holding time: 4-6 h each time; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 320 HB Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1100-1150 C Quenching: step quenching at appr. 540 C, air, oil or polymer (when oil or polymer, interrupt at 250-300 C), or vacuum hardening Hardness obtainable: appr. 52 HRC (step quenching quenching) Tempering: Temperature: 600-750 C. To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times Nitriding: possible Preheating before use: 150-350 C is recommended. TTT-Diagram 28

RM161 B C Si Mn Cr Mo S RM161 B - - 0.15 1.00 1.00 15.75 0.25 0.085 TTT-Diagram Martensitic medium corrosion resistant steel with improved machinability due to sulphur. Hydraulic valve blocks for mining equipment; corrosion resistant free-cutting steel for screws, bolts and nuts. delivery condition: Quenched and tempered QT650 mechanical properties: Diameter (mm) 60 Yield strength (MPa) min. 500 Tensile strength (MPa) 650-850 Elongation A (%) L: min. 12 29

RP C Si Mn Cr Mo V RP 1.2365 32CrMoV12-28 0.32 0.40 0.40 3.00 2.80 0.60 High temperature strength diagram TTT-Diagram Chromium moybdenum vanadium hotwork tool steel. Very good high temperature strength and tempering resistance. Water cooling possible owing to good conductivity. Suitable also for cold hobbing with special heat treatment. Extrusion tools for aluminium, copper alloys and steel, such as dies and inserts, dummy blocks, die holders and mandrels; die casting tools for aluminium and copper alloys; die forging tools for copper alloys; tools for making bolts and nuts; die-inserts, punches, jaws etc. used on forging presses; piercing and other tools on push benches for steel tube production. Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 220 HB (175 HB for hobbing) Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1020-1050 C Quenching: oil or polymer, or step quenching at appr. 540 C, (when oil or polymer, interrupt at 230-280 C), or vacuum hardening. Hardness obtainable: appr. 51 HRC (oil or polymer quenching) Tempering: Temperature: 580-700 C see diagram. To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times. Nitriding: possible. Preheating before use: 150-350 C is recommended. 30

RPCo C Si Mn Co Cr Mo V RPCo 1.2885 X32CrMoCoV3-3-3 0.32 0.40 0.40 3.00 3.00 2.80 0.60 High temperature strength diagram Hot-work tool steel similar to RP, but with additional cobalt. Improved tempering resistance, high temperature strength and resistance to high temperature wear. Extrusion tools for copper and copper alloys, such as dies and die holders, plunger heads, dummy blocks; hot forming tools, especially inserts, for copper and copper alloys; piercing tools for steel tube production. Water cooling possible. Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 240 HB Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1040-1060 C Quenching: oil, or step quenching at appr. 540 C, (when oil, interrupt at 300 C), or vacuum hardening Hardness obtainable: appr. 52 HRC (oil quenching) Tempering: Temperature: 560-700 C, see diagram. To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times Nitriding: possible Preheating before use: 150-350 C is recommended. TTT-Diagram 31

RPU C Si Mn Cr Mo V RPU 1.2367 X38CrMoV5-3 0.38 0.40 0.40 5.00 2.80 0.60 High temperature strength diagram Very good high-temperature strength. This chromium molybdenum vanadium hot work steel is a combination of our brands USN and RP. It combines very good toughness with good high-temperature strength. Extrusion tools, such as mandrels for copper alloy tube production, water cooled dummy blocks, die holders and liners; aluminium alloy die casting tools for large series production; die stamping tools for aluminium and copper alloys; dies and inserts on forging presses for steel. Hardness in HRC 58 RPU 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 220 HB Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1030-1060 C Quenching: air, step quenching at appr. 540 C, oil or polymer (when oil or polymer, interrupt at 230-280 C), or vacuum hardening Hardness obtainable: appr. 55 HRC Tempering: Temperature: 520-700 C. To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times Preheating before use: 150-350 C is recommended. TTT-Diagram 32

SA50Ni Brand Mat.- Short name Reference analysis % No. C Si Mn Co Cr Mo Al Ti Ni SA50Ni 2.4973 NiCr19CoMo 0.12 0.50 0.10 11.00 19.00 9.50 1.60 3.00 + spec. additions Nickel base super alloy. Extreme hightemperature strength. Particularly suitable as hot-work tool steel for forming work with strong accumulation of heat, when heat resistance of martensitic steels proves insufficient. Extrusion tools; forging dies; hot shear blades. Delivery condition: solution annealed and age hardened to obtain: 0,2-limit: appr. 900 MPa tensile strength: appr. 1250 MPa. Heat treatment (if necessary): Solution annealing: 1080 C; Holding time: 4 h; air cooling Age hardening: 760 C; Holding time: 16 h; air cooling High temperature 0,2-limit in MPa: appr. C MPa appr. C MPa 200 1010 600 930 300 1000 700 870 400 990 800 780 500 930 900 640 Physical properties: Specific gravity: 8,2 g/cm³. Thermal expansion (10-6 m/m K) at C: 20-100 C 12.2 20-600 C 13.7 20-200 C 12.4 20-700 C 14.2 20-300 C 12.6 20-800 C 14.9 20-400 C 13.0 20-900 C 16.0 20-500 C 13.4 Thermal conductivity [W/(m K)] at C: 20 C 11.3 500 C 17.2 100 C 12.1 600 C 18.4 200 C 13.4 700 C 19.7 300 C 14.7 800 C 21.4 400 C 15.9 900 C 26.5 33

SA718 C Si Mn Ni Cr Nb Mo Ti Al SA718 2.4668 NiCr19Fe19Nb5Mo3 0.05 0.35 0.35 53.00 19.00 5.00 3.00 0.90 0.50 Fe balance High temperature strength diagram Nickel base super alloy. Extreme high temperature strength. Particularly suitable as hot work tool steel for forming work with strong accumulation of heat, when heat resistance of martensitic steels proves insufficient. Dies, mandrel tips and dummy blocks for the extrusion of copper alloys; sintering press tools; hot shear blades; forging dies. Delivery condition: solution annealed and age hardened to obtain: 0,2-limit: appr. 1100 MPa tensile strength: appr. 1300 MPa Heat treatment (if necessary): Solution annealing: 980 C; Holding time: 1 h; air cooling Age hardening: 720 C; Holding time: 8 h; reduce to 620 C; Holding time 8 h; air cooling High temperature 0,2-limit in MPa: appr. C MPa appr. C MPa 200 1100 600 950 300 1050 700 900 400 1020 800 650 500 1000 Physical properties: Specific gravity: 8,2 g/cm³. Thermal expansion (10-6 m/m K) at C: 20-100 C 13.0 20-600 C 15.2 20-200 C 14.0 20-700 C 16.0 20-300 C 14.2 20-400 C 14.5 20-500 C 14.7 Thermal conductivity [W/(m K)] at C: 20 C 11.3 500 C 18.8 100 C 12.6 600 C 20.5 200 C 14.2 700 C 22.2 300 C 15.5 800 C 23.9 400 C 17.2 34

TQ1 C Si Mn Cr Mo V TQ1 0.36 0.25 0.40 5.20 1.90 0.55 High temperature strength diagram Chromium molybdenum vanadium hotwork tool steel with very good properties of heat resistance and excellent toughness. Good resistance to changes in temper-ature. TQ1 is produced exclusively in remelted quality by means of ESR-process. TQ1 is especially suitable for tooling of following application at maximum level of requirement and load - Die casting - Extrusion - Die forging - Hot forming. Hardness in HRC 58 TQ1 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C TTT-Diagram Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 220 HB. Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1010-1020 C Quenching: air, step quenching at appr. 540 C, oil or polymer (when oil or polymer, interrupt at 230-280 C), or vacuum hardening. Hardness obtainable: appr. 54 HRC. Tempering: Temperature: 540-680 C. To increase toughness, temper 3 times. Nitriding: possible. For die casting dies we recommend our nitriding programm no. 99. This nitriding layer is free of any compound zone and therefore without any negative influence on development of heat checks. Preheating before use: 150-350 C depending on application. 35

USD C Si Mn Cr Mo V USD 1.2344 X40CrMoV5-1 0.40 1.00 0.40 5.20 1.30 1.00 High temperature strength diagram Hardness in HRC TTT-Diagram 58 USD 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C Chromium molybdenum vanadium hotwork tool steel, with 1% vanadium. Improved tempering resistance and high temperature wear resistance compared with USN ; very good deep hardening properties; insensitivity to thermal shocks. Water cooling possible. Extrusion tools for aluminium alloys section and tube production, such as high stress dies of all shapes, die holders, dummy blocks, stems, mandrels and tips, pressure discs, shear blades; stems and mandrels for the extrusion of steel and of copper alloys; die casting tools of all types for aluminium and zinc alloys; tools on forging machines, such as dies and inserts, jaws and punches for aluminium and copper alloys as well as steel; tools for making screws and bolts. Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 220 HB. Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1020-1040 C Quenching: air, step quenching at appr. 540 C, oil or polymer (when oil or polymer, interrupt at 230-280 C), or vacuum hardening Hardness obtainable: appr. 55 HRC Tempering: Temperature: 520-700 C. To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times Nitriding: possible Preheating before use: 150-350 C is recommended. 36

USD-H C Si Mn Cr Mo V USD-H 1.2345 X50CrMoV5-1 0.52 0.85 0.30 5.05 1.35 0.90 High temperature strength diagram Hot-work tool steel with increased carbon content for improved wear resistance, tempering resistance, and hardenability. Cold and hot shear blades, forging dies, rolls for tube manufacturing. Annealing: Temperature: 760-810 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 240 HB. Stress relieving: Temperature: 600-650 C Holding time: 6 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 10100-1040 C Quenching: oil or polymer, vacuum hardening. Hardness obtainable: appr. 58 HRC. Tempering: Temperature: 520-620 C. To increase toughness, temper 3 times. Preheating before use: 150-350 C is recommended. TTT-Diagram 37

USN C Si Mn Cr Mo V USN 1.2343 X37CrMoV5-1 0.37 1.00 0.40 5.20 1.30 0.40 High temperature strength diagram Hardness in HRC TTT-Diagram 58 USN 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C Chromium molybdenum vanadium hotwork tool steel. Very good tempering resistance, high degree of hot toughness, insensitivity to thermal shocks, excellent deep hardening properties. Water cooling possible. Extrusion tools for aluminium alloys, such as dies and inserts, dummy blocks, stems, die holders, liners and liner holders, container mantles; die-casting tools of all kinds for aluminium and zinc alloys; tools on forging presses, such as dies and inserts, punches and mandrels for aluminium and copper alloys as well as steel; tools for making screws and bolts; part stamping dies; stems and mandrels for the extrusion of copper alloys and steel. Annealing: Temperature: 820-840 C Holding time: 4-6 h; Slow furnace cooling Hardness after annealing: max. 220 HB Stress relieving: Temperature: appr. 650 C Holding time: 2-4 h; Slow cooling Hardening: Temperature: 1000-1020 C Quenching: air, step quenching at appr. 540 C, oil or polymer (when oil or polymer, interrupt at 230-280 C), or vacuum hardening Hardness obtainable: appr. 54 HRC Tempering: Temperature: 520-700 C. To increase toughness, temper 2 or 3 times Nitriding: possible Preheating before use: 150-350 C is recommended. 38

ZF2 C Si Mn Cr Ni ZF2 1.2782 X16CrNiSi25-20 0.12 2.00 0.90 25.00 20.00 High nickel chromium austenitic steel. Excellent resistance to high temperature corrosion and scaling. High performance moulds for glass and crystal, with best surface characteristics; nozzles and muffles; also parts of furnaces such as rails, rollers and shafts, heat treatment equipments. Delivery conditions: heat treated, ready for use, with the following technical data: Hardness: max. 223 HB 0.2-limit of elasticity: 230 MPa Tensile strength: 550-800 MPa Resistant to scaling in air up to: appr. 1150 C Thermal conductivity at 20 C: 14,7 W/m K Coefficient of linear thermal expansion between 20 C and: 100 C : 16,0x10-6 m/m K 200 C : 16,5x10-6 m/m K 400 C : 17,0x10-6 m/m K 600 C : 17,5x10-6 m/m K 800 C : 18,0x10-6 m/m K 1000 C : 19,0x10-6 m/m K Heat treatment (if necessary): Hardening: 1050-1100 C, quenching in water (air). Structure: austenitic Preheating of glass moulds: appr. 250-400 C 39

TECHNICAL DETAILS TEMPERING DIAGRAM USN, USD, RPU 58 56 54 52 50 Hardness in HRC 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 USN USD RPU 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C TQ1, HP1, HTR 58 56 54 52 50 Hardness in HRC 48 46 44 42 40 38 TQ1 HP1 HTR 36 34 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C HWD, HMoD, RM10Co 58 56 54 52 50 Hardness in HRC 48 46 44 42 40 38 HWD HMoD RM10Co 36 34 40 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Tempering temperature C

NOTICE 41

fields of application for TOOL steels Die casting KIND Brand name Material No. AISI Characteristics Application Toughness Resistance against thermal shocks HMoD* 1.2889 H 19A Hot-work tool steel similar to grade HWD, variant of HWD alloyed with molybdenum, somewhat tougher than HWD HP 1* Special hot-work tool steel with very high toughness and good high-tem-perature strength, high resistance to thermal shocks HTR* Special hot-work tool steel with excellent high-temperature strength, thermal conductivity, and best resistance to thermal shocks HWD* 1.2678 H 19 Hot-work tool steel with very high high-temperature strength and tempering resistance, high wear resistance at elevated temperatures RM10Co* 1.2888 Hot-work tool steel with extra-ordinary tempering resistance and high-tempering strength Die casting dies for heavy metals like brass and copper alloys High-performance die casting dies and inserts. Small and medium dies with highest demands on surface quality Partial die inserts subject to high thermal loads. Allows improved local cooling Small and medium sized inserts for brass die casting Casting systems, hot chamber machines, small and medium sized inserts with high surface quality Thermal fatigue resistance Wearrestistance RPU* 1.2367 Hot-work tool steel with very high high-temperature strength, high resistance against thermal shocks Die casting dies and inserts, which are subject to greater demands in terms of surface quality TQ 1* Special hot-work tool steel High-performance die casting with very high toughness and dies and inserts. Especially very high high-temperature suitable for large dies where strength, very high resistance highest demands are placed to thermal shocks on cast component surfaces USD* 1.2344 H 13 Hot-work tool steel with high high-temperature strength, good resistance against thermal shocks Die casting dies and inserts of small and medium size USN* 1.2343 H 11 Hot-work tool steel with good high-temperature strength and toughness, good resistance against thermal shocks Versatile steel for light metal die casting dies and inserts * ESR quality as a standard 42

EXTRUSION KIND brand name Material no. AISI Characteristics Application Toughness High-temperature strength HMoD** 1.2889 H19A Hot-work tool steel with elevated high-temperature strength and very good tempering resistance, very good wear resistance. Better toughness than HWD HP 1* Special hot-work tool steel with elevated high-temperature strength and very high toughness, good wear resistance HTR* Special hot-work tool steel with excellent high-temperature strength, thermal conductivity, and best resistance to thermal shocks HWD** 1.2678 H 19 Hot-work tool steel with elevated high-temperature strength and hot wear resistance PWM 1.2714 ~ L6 Low-alloy hot work steel with good toughness, low high temperature strength and low wear resistance Q10 TQ1* Special hot-work tool steel with elevated high-temperature strength and very high toughness, good wear resistance RM10Co** 1.2888 Cobalt alloyed hot-work steel with maximum high-temperature strength in the family of martensitic grades and high hot wear resistance RP 1.2365 H10 Hot-work tool steel with elevated high-temperature strength and hot wear resistance RPCo 1.2885 H 10A Cobalt alloyed hot-work steel with very good high-temperature strength an high hot wear resistance RPU** 1.2367 Hot-work tool steel with elevated high-temperature strength and wear resistance, good toughness USD** 1.2344 H 13 Hot-work tool steel with elevated high-temperature strength and hot wear resistance USN** 1.2343 H 11 Hot-work tool steel with good high-temperature strength and toughness Extrusion dies and die rings for the processing of heavy metal alloys Intermediate and inner liners and press stems at high load, mandrels, extrusion dies Intermediate liners for heavy metal-extrusion, mandrels for extrusion of Cu-tubes, extrusion dies for brass Extrusion dies and die rings for the processing of heavy metal alloys Container mantles, low load Intermediate and inner liners and press stems at high load, mandrels, extrusion dies Extrusion dies and die holders, inner liners for the processing of heavy metal alloys Inner liners, press stems, mandrels, sealing plates Dies and die holders, inner liners for the processing of heavy metal alloys Container mantles, intermediate and inner liners at high load, press stems, mandrels, extrusion dies, sealing plates, die holder Container mantles at high load, intermediate and inner liners and press stems, mandrels, extrusion dies, sealing plates Container mantles at high load, intermediate and inner liners and press stems, mandrels, extrusion dies, sealing plates, die holder Hot wear resistance Austenitic steels AWS 1.2731 Austenitic age-hardening steel with elevated high-temperature strength Extrusion dies and die rings for the processing of heavy metal alloys HWF 1.2779 A286 Austenitic age-hardening steel Inner liners and moulds for the processing of heavy metal alloys Nickel-based alloys SA718 2.4668 UNS 7718 Age-hardening nickel-based alloy with high high-temperature strength SA50Ni 2.4973 R41 Age-hardening nickel-based alloy with high high-temperature strength * ESR quality as a standard ** also available in ESR quality, depending on the requirements Inner liners and moulds for heavy metal alloys, mandrel tips Inner liners and moulds for heavy metal alloys, mandrel tips 43

fields of application for TOOL steels die forging KIND brand name Material no. AISI Characteristics Application Toughness High-temperature strength CR7V-L Special hot-work steel with good high tempering strength and high wear resistance FTCo* Special hot-work steel with good high tempering strength and high wear resistance GSF Special die forging steel with high toughness and good high-temperature strength, good weld ability HTR* Special hot-work tool steel with excellent high-temperature strength, thermal conductivity, and best resistance to thermal shocks PD** 1.2622 Tungsten alloyed hot-work tool steel with good wear resistance and high tempering resistance PWCo** - - Cobalt alloyed hot-work steel with good high temperature strength and high hot wear resistance PWM 1.2714 ~ L6 Low-alloyed die forging steel with good toughness Q10 Special hot-work tool steel with elevated high-temperature strength and very high toughness, good wear resistance RP 1.2365 H10 Hot-work tool steel with elevated high-temperature strength and hot wear resistance RPCo 1.2885 H10A Cobalt alloyed hot-work steel with very good high-temperature strength an high hot wear resistance RPU 1.2367 H 10 + Cr Hot-work tool steel with high hightemperature strength and wear resistance, good toughness USD 1.2344 H 13 Hot-work tool steel with elevated high-temperature strength and good hot wear resistance USD H ~ 1.2345 ~ H 13 Hot-work tool steel with elevated high-temperature strength and good hot wear resistance USN 1.2343 H 11 Hot-work tool steel with good high-temperature strength and toughness * ESR quality as a standard ** also available in ESR quality, depending on the requirements High performance press dies, hot extrusion dies, stems, pricing mandrels, warm forging tools Dies for high-speed forging machines, stems and piercing mandrels, warm forging tools Hammer forging dies subject to high loads, overlay welded press dies, large hammer forging dies Forging dies with high requirements of wear resistance and flat cavities Small press dies, especially for heavy metal processing, stems and piercing mandrels Forging dies with high requirements of wear resistance and flat cavities Hammer forging dies, die frames, base plates, etc. High performance hammer forging dies, small and large press dies with deep cavities, multistage forging presses with strong cooling Smaller press dies, dies for highspeed forging machines, stems, piercing mandrels Small press dies, especially for heavy metal processing, stems and piercing mandrels Lager high performance press dies, hot extrusion dies, stems, piercing mandrels Press dies, hot extrusion dies, stems, piercing mandrels Press dies, hot extrusion dies, stems, piercing mandrels Hammer forging dies subject to high strain, small and large press dies Hot wear resistance 44

HOT STAMPing KIND brand name Material no. AISI Characteristics Application Wear resistance USD** 1.2344 H 13 Standard hot-work tool steel with well balanced profile or properties such as hardness, toughness, wear resistance, and thermal conductivity RPU** 1.2367 Standard hot-work tool steel with higher hardness, wear and tempering resistance than USD. Improved thermal conductivity due to Molybdenum content CR7V-L** Special hot-work tool steel with increased Chromium content, achieves higher hardness and wear resistance than RPU HTR* Special hot-work tool steel with improved thermal conductivity and high-temperature strength HMoD* 1.2889 Cr-Co-Mo-V-alloyed hot-work tool steel with highest hightemperature strength and high tempering and long time tempering resistance RM10Co* 1.2888 Co-Cr-W-Mo-alloyed hot-work tool steel with high tempering and long-time tempering resistance * ESR quality as a standard ** also available in ESR quality, depending on the requirements Standard hot-stamping tools Standard hot-stamping tools Preferably used for tools which are exposed to high abrasive wear. In case of high hardness (55-56 HRC) the use of ESR matterial is recommended For hot-stamping tools requiring improved thermal conductity in order to reduce cycle times Hot-stamping tool inserts for the process of Tailored Tempering, producing parts with locally reduced hardness / strength Hot-stamping tool inserts for the process of Tailored Tempering, producing parts with locally reduced hardness / strength Thermal conductivity glass moulds KIND brand name Material no. AISI Characteristics Application Resistance to scale FAM* 1.2787 431 Corrosion and scale-resistant steel for glass moulds USN* USD* 1.2343 1.2344 H 11 H 13 Hot-work tool steel with good polishing properties and good thermal conductivity ZF2* 1.2782 314 Austenitic steel for glass moulds with high corrosion and scale resistance * ESR quality as a standard Glass moulds for high demands on the glass quality, suitable for hard and technical glass, large production lots For glass moulds subject to low load, small to medium production lots, utility glasses, technical glassware Glass moulds for maximum glass quality, suitable for glasses with crystal gloss and for hard glass, very large production lots Thermal conductivity 45

fields of application for TOOL steels plastic moulds Corrosion-resistant steels KIND brand name Material no. AISI Characteristics Application Corrosion resistance CMR* 1.2316 highly corrosion-resistant plastic mould steel, pre-hardened and tempered, good polishing properties RF* 1.2083 420 Corrosion-resistance, throughhardening plastic mould steel, high hardness, very good polishing properties, high wear resistance Through hardening steels KIND brand name Material no. Moulds for plastic precision parts in corrosion media Moulds for plastic precision parts in corrosion media subject to high requirements for surface finish AISI Characteristics Application Wear resistance GSF* - - Very clean pre-hardened tool steel with excellent homogenity, outstanding ductility, high dimension stability, very good machinability and excellent weldability, very good texturing and etching TQ1* Special steel grade for application at high hardness, suitable for mirror finish polishing, good etching properties, high toughness, high wear resistance USD** 1.2344 H13 Steel grade for application at high hardness, good polishing and etching properties, high wear resistant USN** 1.2343 H11 Steel grade for application at high hardness, good polishing and etching properties, wear resistant * ESR quality as a standard ** also available in ESR quality, depending on the requirements Moulds with requirement of high surface conditions up to thickness of 400 mm for medium and long production cycles. Plastic moulds processing PP, PA6, ABS, PMMA, rubber moulds, househould appliances Moulds of any size for plastic precision parts, suitable for large production lots, also for best mirror finish Mould of any size for plastic precision parts, suitable for large production lots. For mirror finish we recommend ESR quality Mould of any size for plastic precision parts, suitable for large production lots. For mirror finish we recommend ESR quality Polishing properties Polishing properties cold applications Corrosion-resistant steels KIND Brand name Material No. AISI Characteristics Application Toughness Wear resistance CH16V 1.2379 Lederburitic chromium tool steel with high wear resistance PM823 Special Vanadium alloyed tool steel combining high wear restistance and toughness High performance blanking and punching dies for metal sheets. Shear blades, stamping dies, cold drawing tools. Small plastic moulds and inserts for abrasive materials Shear blades, straightening and profile rollers with requirements regarding high toughness PW812 Special Vanadium alloyed tool steel combining high wear restistance and toughness CR7V-L Special Special tool steel with high amount of chromium. Alloyed with Mo and V for good tempering strength and high wear resistance Shear blades, straightening and profile rollers with requirements regarding high toughness Piercing mandrels, shear blades. Forging dies and mandrels for cold drawing of copper and copper alloys 46

Physical-mechanical properties of tool steels hot work steels Kind brand name Material no. AISI Coefficient of linear thermal expansion Thermal conductivity in 10-6 m (m x K) W (m x K) Temperature range in C Temperature in C 20-100 20-400 20-600 20 200 400 CR7V-L Special - 11,2 12,5 13,1 26,7 29,8 30,8 FTCo Special - 11,8 12,1 13,0 27,2 28,1 29,3 GSF Special - 11,8 13,0 14,0 31,0 34,0 33,0 HMoD 1.2889 H 19A 11,2 11,8 12,3 24,1 28,8 32,3 HP 1 Special - 11,5 12,6 13,1 29,5 30,5 30,5 HTR Special - 12,3 13,6 13,8 35,2 34,6 33,0 HWD 1.2678 H 19 11,6 12,5 13,0 24,0 28,5 31,7 PD 1.2622-11,0 13,1 13,4 24,2 26,8 27,5 PWCo Special - 11,5 11,9 12,0 30,0 32,0 33,6 PWM 1.2714 L 6 11,0 13,3 14,0 36,0 36,5 36,0 Q 10 Special - 10,3 12,5 13,0 29,8 31,0 31,4 RM10Co 1.2888-11,3 12,6 12,6 20,5 24,2 27,5 RP 1.2365 H 10 12,0 13,0 13,4 30,0 30,2 29,3 RPCo 1.2885 H 10A 11,5 12,0 12,2 30,0 32,1 34,1 RPU 1.2367-11,9 12,8 13,3 29,9 32,1 32,4 TQ1 Special - 10,3 12,5 13,0 29,8 31,0 31,4 USD 1.2344 H 13 10,9 12,7 13,3 25,5 27,1 27,7 USD-H 1.2345-11,5 12,5 13,1 25,0 26,7 27,3 USN 1.2343 H 11 11,8 12,7 12,9 26,8 27,8 27,3 Special grades for cold application CH16V 1.2379-11,0 12,2 12,8 20,5 CR7V-L Special - 10,9 11,8 12,6 25,8 PM823 Special - 11,3 12,2 12,7 24,8 PW812 Special - 11,0 12,2 12,7 24,9 Corrosion-resisTANT martensitic steels CMR 1.2316-10,5 11,4 11,9 20,7 FAM 1.2787-10,5 12,0 12,5 25,0 RF 1.2083 ~ 420 10,6 11,7 12,2 25,3 RM161 B 1.4104-10,0 12,0 12,5 25,0 Austenitic Steels Kind brand name Material no. AISI Coefficient of linear thermal expansion Thermal conductivity in 10-6 m (m x K) W (m x K) Temperature range in C Temperature in C 20-100 20-400 20-600 20 200 400 AWS 1.2731-16,3 17,9 17,7 13,0 HWF 1.2779 A286 16,5 17,2 17,7 13,0 26,0 ZF2 1.2782-16,0 17,0 17,5 14,7 19,0 Nickel-based alloys SA50Ni 2.4973 R41 12,2 13,0 13,7 11,3 13,4 15,9 SA718 2.4668 UNS 7718 13,0 14,5 15,2 11,3 14,2 17,2 47

YOUR PARTNER FOR DEMANDING MATERIALS SOLUTIONS More service Tool steels and special materials Melting Forging Ring rolling Heat treatment Machining Products HOT-WORK TOOL STEELS COLD-WORK TOOL STEELS DIE STEELS PLASTIC MOULD STEELS Surface treatment Industries DIE CASTING DIE FORGING EXTRUSION Hot Stamping PLASTICS TECHNOLOGY KIND & CO., Edelstahlwerk, KG Bielsteiner Str. 124-130. D-51674 Wiehl-Bielstein Phone +49 (0) 22 62 / 84-0. Fax +49 (0) 22 62 / 84-175 info@kind-co.de. www.kind-co.de All information on properties and applications provided in this leaflet are for information only and cannot be considered to be guaranteed.quaranteed properties must be specifically agreed.