Taif University Faulty of Medicine and Medical Sciences Medical Microbiology Department General objectives: At the completion of this course students are expected to be able to: 1. Recognize the major characteristics of microorganisms 2. Study the harmful and the beneficial effects of certain microbes 3. Discuss the Microbial genetics and its effects in our life. 4. Discuss the pathogenesis of microbial infections. 5. Acquire some of the common clinical and laboratory skills at a preliminary level. 6. Study how the immune system works to prevent infections. 7. Discuss microbes that cause infections in different systems of the body Microbiology department teach the following years: 2 nd year 3 rd year 4 th year
2 nd year Course summary Course Title: General Microbiology & Basic Immunology Course duration: Year: Level: 15 weeks 3 rd 2 nd Course number: 401216-3 Credits: 3 Daily timings: Theory Sunday (10-11 am)& Tuesday (8-9 am) PracticalDaily for one group (1 3 pm) Test dates: Test I (mid-semester): Starting at 6/1/1435 H (10/11/2013) Test II (final semester): Starting at 3/3/1435 H (5/1/2014)
Course coordinators in charge: Male section: Female section: Prof. Dr. Said Abbadi Prof. Dr. Azza Abdulazim
INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSES General microbiology and basic immunology course provides the fundamental information that is necessary for the understanding and application of related knowledge in the future blocks/ modules. RATIONALE There is a number of important reasons for having this fundamental course that is expected to: 1. Help the learners develop basic and vital concepts about basic microbiology and immunology which they will be using in subsequent years concerning the applied microbiology and clinical immunology. 2. Help learner gain in-depth concepts about some issues dealt with superficially in the previous semesters 3. Help the learners learn new and relevant practical skills (identification of bacterial morphology & staining,identification of bacterial cultures, interpreting antibiotic susceptibility testing, etc.) and the basics of serodiagnosis. 4. Provide time to improve reading skills and reading comprehension MICROBIOLOGY COURSE The course will cover: - General Microbiology & Bacterial Genetics - General virology & Viral Genetics
- General Mycology - General Parasitology - Basic Immunology I. Overall aims of the course: The aim of this course is to give the learners fundamental information about the general medical microbiology, which includes the Differentiation among the major characteristics of each group of microorganisms, Sterilization, Disinfection, antisepsis, genetics, genome, chromosome, gene, genetic code, genotype, and phenotype, mechanisms of gene transfer in bacteria and mutation. II. Intended learning outcomes: By the end of the sessions, learners will be able to: A. Knowledge and understanding General Bacteriology and bacterial genetics Bacterial structure, growth and physiology: Identify the basic shapes of bacteria Describe the structure and organization of bacteria Describe Bacterial requirement for growth and multiplication Classify bacteria on the basis of preferred temperature range Explain how microbes are classified on the basis of oxygen requirement Describe Bacterial growth curve Sterilization and disinfection:
Define Sterilization, Disinfection and antisepsis Describe the principles of action of sterilants, disinfectants and antiseptics Enlist the applications of sterilization and disinfection techniques Bacteriophages Define bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) Describe the structure and types of bacteriophages Describe bacteriophages propagation (replication) Enlist the useful uses of bacteriophages Antibacterial chemotherapy Describe the mechanism of action of antibacterial chemotherapeutic agents Discuss antibiotic susceptibility testing Define empiric therapy and combined therapy Identify the complications of chemotherapy Describe the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents Bacterial pathogenesis Define infection Define microbial virulence Classify bacteria virulence factors Bacterial genetics: Define genetics, genome, chromosome, gene, genetic code, genotype and phenotype Describe the process of DNA replication. Define transposable genetic elements and plasmids. Describe the functions of transposable genetic elements and plasmids. Defines restriction endonucleases. Define mutation. Define genetic recombination. Enlist the applications of genetic recombination Recombinant DNA technology and PCR Define genetic recombination Describe recombinant DNA technology Enlist the applications of recombinant DNA technology
Define PCR Enlist the basic steps of doing PCR Provide examples of the uses of PCR General Virology Describe the basic structure of viruses Classify viruses based on their shape, size and nucleic acid type. Describe the replication and cultivation of viruses Discuss the viral pathogenesis Describe the main principles of laboratory diagnosis of viral infections Identify antiviral drugs Viral genetics Describe Induction of mutagenesis. Identify different types of mutation. Discuss different types of viral genetics and non genetic interactions. Describe the principle of different types of virus mutation. Discuss different virus phenotypes and the significance of each of them. General Mycology Define fungi Describe the general characteristics of fungi Classify fungi based on their morphology and their causation of clinical diseases Enlist some fungal agents that cause different clinical disease conditions Describe the general roles in diagnosing fungal infections Basic Immunology Structure and function of the immune system Define the basic terminologies related to immunity
Identify the components of the immune system (structure) Describe various components and functions of the innate immune response Antigens Define antigens Define antigen processing and presentation Identify the different antigen presenting cells Cellular immunity Classify T cells Describe the basics of T cell development and maturation Describe T cell activation and differentiation Describe T cell-mediated immune response Cytokines Define cytokines Classify cytokines according to their nomenclature Discuss the role played by different groups of cytokines in mediating and regulating innate and specific immune responses Major histocompatibility antigens Identify the types and basic structure of MHC classes Describe the major functions of the MHC molecules Humoral immunity Describe the structure and function of immunoglobulins Classify the different classes of antibodies (isotypes) Describe B cell development and maturation Discuss the different pathways of B cell activation and differentiation Complement Define complement proteins (components) Describe the different pathways of complement activation Describe the biological functions of complement Describe the mechanism of regulation of complement system Antigen antibody interaction Define antigen antibody interaction Enlist the characters of Ag Ab interaction
Describe the applications of different types of Ag Ab interaction Introduction to General Parasitology Define medical parasitology Discuss the general taxonomy of parasites Explain host parasite relationship Enlist the modes of parasitic disease transmission Describe the pathogenicity of parasitic diseases according to mode of transmission Describe the preventive & control measures Teaching methods for knowledge: Lectures Self Study Assessment method for knowledge: MCQs B. Cognitive skills General bacteriology & bacterial genetics Bacterial structure, growth and physiology: Differentiate among the major characteristics of each group of microorganisms. Compare and contrast the cell walls of gram-positive and gram negative bacteria Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Differentiate between different types of culture media based on components Sterilization and disinfection: Categorize the three levels of disinfection according criticality of patient care Bacteriophages Differentiate between lytic and lysogenic cycles of bacteriophages based on their outcomes
Antibacterial chemotherapy Justify the choice of an antimicrobial agent for therapy Bacterial pathogenesis Categorize the stages of the infectious process Bacterial genetics Justify the mechanisms of gene transfer in bacteria General Virology Categorize antiviral drugs bases on their mode of action and applications Viral genetics Justify genetic changes in viruses that end with new variants General Mycology Correlate the fungal disease condition with the anatomical site taken and the causative fungal agent Introduction to General Parasitology Justify the aim of studying medical parasitology Categorize the different types of hosts Basic immunology Structure and function of the immune system Categorize primary (central) and secondary (peripheral) lymphoid organs Differentiate between non-specific (innate) and specific (adaptive) immune responses Antigens Categorize factors affecting immunogenicity
Cellular immunity Justify the role of T helper cells in mastering the function of both innate and specific immune responses Cytokines Categorize cytokines based on their functions Major histocompatibility antigens Justify the concept of MHC polymorphism and restriction Humoral immunity Categorize immunoglobulin classes based on their biological functions Differentiate between thymus dependent and non dependent B cell activation Complement Differentiate between the 3 complement pathways based on the data provided Antigen antibody interaction Categorize the methods of detection of AgAb interaction based on data provided Teaching methods for Cognition: Lectures Tutorials Seminars Self study Assessment methods for Cognition: MCQs C. Psychomotor skills: Identify the different shapes of bacteria (cocci, bacilli, spirals) Identify the types of stains:
- Simple (single color) - Differential (2 colors) - Special (e.g. capsular or spore stains) Identify the in vitro methods used for cultivation of bacteria Identify the types of artificial culture media (fluid & solid) Identify bacterial growth on fluid & solid media Identify different types of solid culture media Identify the system used for anaerobic cultivation of bacteria Identify the blood culture technique Identify colony morphology of bacteria Identify the biochemical reaction profile of some important bacteria Use the biochemical reaction profile in differentiation between bacteria Teaching methods to acquire this skill: Practical sessions (laboratory) Assessment method: Objective Structural Practical Exam (OSPE): Exam includes: Identification of microscopic slides. Identification of culture media plain and seeded. Identification of biochemical reactions profile of bacteria Reading and interpretation of antibiotic susceptibility testing. References & recommended readings 1. Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology Lang Medical a. Books/McGraw-Hill
2. David Greenwood, Rhchard Slack, John Peutherer, Mike barer. Medical Microbiology. A guide to Microbial Infections: Pathogenesis, Immunity, Laboratory Diagnosis and Control. 2007. 17 th ed. Churchill Livingstone, Elsivier. 3. Richard A.Harvey., Pamel A. Champe. Microbiology. Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews. 2001. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 4. Janeway and Travers Immunobiology: The immune system in health and disease 5. http://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/pcr.html 6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hmc7c2t8fvk 7. http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/pc r.ht
SCHEDULE
11:50 1: 00 9:50-10:00 Week One, 25-29/10/1434 H (1-5/9/2013) 8:00-8:50 9:00-9:50 10:00-11: 00 11:00-11:50 1:00-1: 50 Lab hours 2:00-2: 50 Lab hours Sun. Orientation Orientation Orientation Mon. Orientation Orientation Orientation Tues. Orientation Orientation Orientation Gr A Biochemistry Gr B Wed. Self study Medical terminol ogy Anatomy Biochemistr y Pathology Gr C Microbiology Gr D Anatomy Thur. Self study Study skills Pharmacol ogy Microbiology Resource session
11:50 1: 00 9:50-10: 10 Break & Prayer Break Week Two, 3-7/11/1434 H (8-12 /9/2013) 8:00-8:50 9:00-9:50 10:10-11:00 11:00-1:50 1:00-1: 50 Lab hours 2:00-2: 50 Lab hours Gr A Anatomy Gr B Sun Pathology Physiology Pharmacolo gy Microbiolog y Biochemistry Gr C Pathology Gr D Microbiology Self study Biochemistr y Pathology Physiology Gr A Microbiology Gr B Mon Anatomy Gr C Biochemistry Gr D Pathology Tue s Self study Anatomy Biochemistr y Physiology Gr A Pathology
Gr B Microbiology Gr C Anatomy Gr D Biochemistry Gr A Biochemistry Gr B Wed Self study Medical terminology Anatomy Biochemistr y Pathology Gr C Microbiology Gr D Anatomy Thu r Self study Study skills Pharmacolo gy Microbiolog y Resource session N.B. The schedule will be repeated in the same order up to the 15 th week with consideration to holy days, vacations and mid-semester exam. ASSESSMENT: Theory: One Correct type MCQs
Time per MCQ will be 2 minutes OSPE: Will be held at the end of the semester NOTE: Passing marks are 60% in each course Final exam will cover all the topics from the start of the course. There will be no holiday between two theory exams (i.e. exams on successive days) The exact time of theory and practical exams will be notified by the Examination Department Results will be announced to only those students who submit the course evaluation form online within the time period given at the end of the semester. ELIGIBILITY: Students will be allowed to sit an examination ONLY if they have minimum of 75% attendance in lectures of every course Exam Marks watage Date
Theoretical exam (mid first semester) Starting 6/1/1435 H (10/11/2013) 30 % Theoretical exam (final first semester) OSPE Starting 3/3/1435 H (5/1/2014) The week after theoretical exam 50 % 20 % TABLE OF COURSE CONTENT TOPIC WEEK # CONTACT HOURS STAFF NAMES Classification of microorganisms and introduction 1 1 Dr Abbadi, Dr Azza Bacterial ultra structures and their functions 2 2 Dr Emad, Dr Azza Bacterial growth and physiology 3 2 Dr Emad, Dr Azza Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) 4 2 Dr Emad, Dr Azza Bacterial genetics 5 2 Dr Abbadi, Dr Azza Recombinant DNA technology & PCR 5 1 Dr Abbadi, Dr Azza Antimicrobial chemotherapy 6 2 Dr Hamdy, Dr Azza HAJ VACATION 7&8 Sterilization and disinfection, Bacterial pathogenesis 8 2 Dr Emad, Dr Azza
General virology 9 2 Dr Ahmed, Dr Azza Viral genetics 9 1 Dr Ahmed, Dr Azza General Mycology 10 2 Dr Emad, Dr Azza MID-SEMESTER EXAM 11 Overview of the immune system, structure and function of the immune system components Antigens, Innate immune system 12 2 Dr Gamal, Dr Azza 13 2 Dr Abdel Aziz, Dr Azza Cell mediated immunity and cytokines 13,14 2 Dr Gamal, Dr Azza Humoral immunity 14 2 Dr Gamal, Dr Azza MHC, complement system Antigen antibody interaction 15 2 Dr Abdel Aziz, Dr Azza 15,16 2 Dr Abdel Aziz, Dr Azza Introduction to Parasitology 16 2 Dr Gamal, Dr Azza Exams (theoretical) 17 Practical exams 18
3 rd year Modules in which we are participate in teaching are: CNS1 CNS2 Special senses1 Special senses2 Respiratory system Cardiovascular System 4 th year Modules in which we are participate in teaching are: GIT1 GIT2 Urinary 1 Urinary 2 Reproductive 1 Reproductive 2 Endocrine
Locomotor System Dermatology