WOBAMA Wood based materials and fuels Monica Ek Project coordinator KTH Royal Institute of Technology
A PROJECT COORDINATED BY KTH WORKPACKAGES COORDINATED BY THE ACADEMIC PARTNERS
A European Project
The WOBAMA Project Pulping Cellulose Films Cellulose deriva:ves Bark Hemicelluloses Composites Composites Adhesives
DISSOLVING PULP PROCESS FOR MORE THAN TEXTILES FOCUS ON BARK AND POLYSACCHARIDES
Work packages 1 2 Pre-extraction of hemicelluloses Post-extraction of hemicelluloses 3 4 5 Production of bioethanol of second generation Cellulose functionalization for high-tenacity films and biocomposites Hemicellulose functionalization for adhesives
Pre-extraction of hemicelluloses 1 2 Selective removal of hemicelluloses Limited degradation of sugar and recondensation of lignin Prehydrolysis Hydrolysate Kraft cook Black liquor Oxygen stage Bleaching Acetate-grade pulp
Cellulose content up to 95% before bleaching 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 9,1% 15,4% 2,9% 5,5% 28,7% 27,2% Cellulose% Lignin% Glucomannan% Xylan% 40% 0,4% 30% 20% 10% 40,2% 40,7% 29,7% 0,0% 1,0% 0% Pine%wood% Prehydrolysed%chips% Non<bleached%PHK%pulp%
Post-extraction of hemicelluloses
Enzymatic treatment + extraction Xylanase: 120 min, 2000 AXU/g, 70 C, buffer 11 mm NaH 2 PO 4 + 9 mm Na 2 HPO 4 Extraction: 30 C, 10 wt% NaOH, 3 wt% Na 2 B 4 O 7
Reduction of hemicelluloses 8,7 9,4 1,9 0,6 81,9 Post-extraction 97,5 Xylan, % Glucomannan, % Cellulose II, % Yellowness Transmittance, % Molar mass, kg/ mol Pine A grade 0.8 0.7 0 0.11 85 595 Spruce 1.8 1 0 0.14 81 475 Hemlock 1.6 0.9 0 0.19 82 557 Our pulp 0.6 1.92 63 0.27 65 540
Formation of Cellulose II due to extraction alkalinity
Bleaching ability of prehydrolysis kraft pulps Autohydrolysis Hydrolysate Kraft cook Bleaching Cellulose Effective Alkali and T Kappa numbers 25-78 Oxygen (O) Ozone (Z) Peroxide (P)
80 70 60 50 PHK pulps respond better to oxygen delignification than kraft pulps Control kraft PH Kraft 40 30 20 10 0 Unbleached O O O O O O
Cellulose functionalization to high tenacity films PHK dissolving Generally Hydrothermal treatment [Emim + ] [OAc - ] Casting Z
Films become transparent
FROM BARK TO NANOFIBRES Bleaching Hydrolysis Sonication Cellulose fibers Cellulose suspension CNC Myriam Le Normand
ALL-POLYSACCHARIDES NANOCOMPOSITES CNC10 CNC20 CNC30 CNC40 CNC50 Myriam Le Normand
Production of nanocellulose and nanocomposites from forest residue Pine chips Needles Branches 20 48 % cellulose
Two different approaches Chemical treatment CNC + Hemicellulose 30 40 % Enzymatic treatment CNF 15 % CNC + Hemicellulose 20 40 % 15 % CNF
POLYESTERS AND COMPOSITES BASED ON BIRCH SUBERIN BIRCH BARK EPOXY ACID POLYMER COMPRESSION MOLDING Generally Dongfang Li
RESULTING COMPOSITE IS HYDROPHOBIC Dongfang Li
WOOD POLYSACCHARIDES AS ADHESIVES GUMS MODEL FOR HEMICELLULOSES LOCUST BEAN GUM/ GUAR GUM XANTHAN GUM TAMARIND GUM Emelie Norström
SURPRISINGLY GOOD BOND STRENGTH, WATER AND HEAT RESISTANCE 16 D1 D2 WATT 91 14 Tensile shear strength [MPa] 12 10 8 6 4 D1 D2 WATT 91 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN204 2 0 Ref: PVAc Locust bean gum Emelie Norström
>30 CONFERENCE CONTRIBUTIONS AND ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS
Best oral presentation prizes Lidia Testova at Cellulose, cellulose regenerates and cellulose derivatives, Örnsköldsvik 2012 Emelie Norström, KTH at EPNOE 2013
WOBAMA summer school Grenoble-INP Pagora, Aug 26-27, 2013
Acknowledgements The WOBAMA-team
Acknowledgement Wobama Team Eva Malmström Tommy Iversen Linda Fogelström Myriam Le Normand Dongfang Li Rosana Marina Torró Emelie Norström Herbert Sixta Terhi Toivari Lidia Testova Dariusz Wawro Christine Chirat Satyajit Das Dominique Lachenal
Monica Ek Project coordinator, Professor monicaek@kth.se