Module 3 Trends in e-government

Module 3 Trends in e-government

Module 3 Trends in e-government By the end of this module you will be able to: A. Identify and understand six recent trends in e-government: 1) Whole-of-Government approach 2) E-Participation 3) Multichannel service delivery 4) Expanding usage 5) Digital divide and vulnerable groups 6) Open government data B. Explain benefits of each trend C. Learn about tools and mechanism used in each trend Module 3/Slide 1

United Nations Development Efforts We recognize the power of communications technologies, including connection technologies and innovative applications, to promote knowledge exchange, technical cooperation and capacity-building for sustainable development. These technologies and applications can build capacity and enable the sharing of experiences and knowledge in the different areas of sustainable development in an open and transparent manner. Module 3/Slide 2

1. What is Whole-of-Government? The Whole-of-Government Approach is that government agencies and organizations share objectives across organizational boundaries, as opposed to working solely within an organization. United Nations E-Government Survey 2008 As outlined in the United Nations General Assembly resolution 66/288, it is critical to enhance integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development, i.e. economic, social and environmental, in a holistic and cross-sectoral manner at all levels.² This, in turn, requires a whole-of-government approach and public governance. GA Resolution A/RES/66/288 Module 3/Slide 3

Why adopt Whole-of-Government approach? Increase the effectiveness of government s responses - More effective and coordinated policy responses to complex issues Enhance efficiency by reducing duplications of processes and procedures in programme management, and service delivery Better service delivery by integrating services and thereby saving time and resources, and increasing citizens trust in government Increase public value by promoting collaboration and coordination with private sector and civil society in the delivery of services and wealth creation through social innovation Module 3/Slide 4

Efforts to promote Whole-of-Government Module 3/Side 5

2. What is e-participation? Promoting participation of the citizens is the cornerstone of socially inclusive governance. E-Participation is electronic participation of citizens and the business community in e-government. The goal of e-participation initiatives should be to improve the citizen's access to information and public services; and promote participation in public decision-making which impacts the well being of society, in general, and the individual, in particular. Module 3/Slide 6

Three stages of e-participation E-Participation, as defined in the UN Global Reports, aims to achieve its objectives through the means of: Module 3/Slide 7

E-Participation tools Discussion Forums Customer Satisfaction Surveys Opinion Poll Blogs Social Networking Sites Module 3/Slide 8

3. What is multichannel service delivery? Multichannel service delivery is the provision of public services by various means in an integrated and coordinated way. Citizens can make selections according to their needs and circumstances and receive consistent information and services across channels resulting in an increase in their satisfaction and trust in government. United Nations e-government Survey 2012 Why multichannel service delivery is important? Multichannel approaches support delivery of services to the poor and increase participation of socially disadvantaged groups in government policy-making. Module 3/Slide 9

Multichannel service delivery mechanisms Mobile- Government web sites Public access Internet points/kiosks Smart phones Mobile based technologies Over-the-counter services Sms subscription Postal mail Module 3/Slide 10

4. What is expanding usage? Expanding Usage is how governments encourage their citizens to use online public services. Despite strong growth in the usage of information and services online, e-government usage remains tepid, with the possible exceptions of online tax filing and business services. Reasons of low e-services adoption: Digital divide Current e-services do not match citizen demand (Accenture 2012) Lack of awareness or IT skills (OECD 2011) Lack of competition and affordability of ICTs (ITU 2011; ITU 2012) Lack of trust in the government Module 3/Slide 11

Efforts to expand usage of e-government services Creating Open Government Data platforms Decentralizing e-government services Enhancing access to the vulnerable groups Raising awareness by organizing outreach campaigns, trainings, and promoting e-government through social media Improving website design Monitoring usage Using surveys of citizens Module 3/Slide 12

5. Digital divide and vulnerable groups The low number of Internet users in developing countries calls for increased efforts in shaping and implementing appropriate policies to assist everyone to harness the benefits of the Internet, and advance sustainable development DESA s Under-Secretary-General Wu Hongbo, Internet Governance Forum Baku, Azerbaijan, 6-9 November 2012 Module 3/Slide 13

5. What is digital divide? The issue of a digital divide is essentially one of a disparity in real access which is inequality in both physical access to ICTs and the ability, knowhow and the culture to use the technology well. United Nations Global e-government Readiness Report 2004 The term "digital divide" refers to the gap between individuals, households, businesses and geographic areas at different socio-economic levels with regard to both their opportunities to access information and communication technologies (ICTs) and to their use of the Internet for a wide variety of activities. OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms Module 3/Slide 14

Digital divide and vulnerable groups The e-government divide in the case of vulnerable populations is thus about how governments of the world fare in facilitating digital access for the illiterate and low-educated, persons with disabilities, the poor, women, children, the elderly, and communities living in rural and remote areas. Module 3/Slide 15

Leveraging the potential of ICTs to reach out to vulnerable groups Access to rural areas YOUTH Access to income Cellular ELDERLY Access to technical skills PCs Internet Access to culturally relevant information TVs ICTs Telephone Awareness of information society Access to language skills Satellite communications DISABLED Access to appropriate content WOMEN Access to education ETHNIC MINORITIES Access to urban areas Module 3/Slide 16

6. What is open data? In general, government data is all data or information that government entities produce or collect Open means : Can be readily and easily consulted and re-used by anyone with access to the internet.. No legal barriers No fees required Machine readable No technological barriers Etc. Features of good open data: - Has value to the public - Timely updated - Offered in different formats Module 3/Slide 17

Benefits of open government data Promoting transparency and boosting public trust in government Encouraging citizens to participate with government entities in designing policies and services Enhancing government effectiveness and efficiency Creating business opportunities and jobs Promoting innovation and research Module 3/Slide 18

Examples of open data RAW DATA National Accounts Economic indicators Big economic projects Education Health Environment GEO DATA Geo coordinates of government institutions Maps Transportation network Environmental resources Module 3/Slide 19

QUESTIONS 1. What are the six recent trends in e-government: a) Whole-of-Government Approach, Citizens Empowerment, Multi-Channel Service Delivery, Expanding Usage, Digital Divide and Vulnerable Groups, Open Government Data b) Whole-of-Government Approach, E-participation, Multi-Channel Service Delivery, Expanding Usage, Digital Divide and Vulnerable Groups, Open Government Data c) Whole-of-Government Approach, E-participation, Multi-Channel Service Delivery, E-Inclusion, Digital Divide and Vulnerable Groups, Open Government Data 2. Whole-of-Government approach can be defined, as a) Agencies working across portfolio boundaries to achieve integrated responses to the issues of policy development, program management and service delivery b) Agencies working across portfolio boundaries to achieve individual responses to the issues of policy development, program management and service delivery 3. What are the three stages of e-participation: a) e-information, e-consultation, e-decision-making b) e-information, e-consultation, e-service Delivery c) e-information, e-consultation, e-engagement Module 3/Slide 20

QUESTIONS 4. Expanding usage is about: a) How citizens expand usage of online services to reach out to governments b) How governments encourage citizens to use more online public services c) How governments expand usage of online services to reach out to citizens 5. What is NOT a beneficial feature of Open Government Data: a) Promoting transparency and boosting public trust in government b) Enhancing government effectiveness and efficiency c) Increasing effectiveness of government s responses d) Encouraging citizens to participate with government entities in designing policies and services Module 3/Slide 21

Congratulations! You have reached the end of this module. You will now be able to: A. Understand six recent trends in e-government: 1) Whole-of-Government approach 2) E-Participation 3) Multichannel service delivery 4) Expanding usage 5) Digital divide and vulnerable groups 6) Open government data B. Explain benefits of each trend C. Identify tools and mechanism used in each trend Module 3/Slide 22

FUNDAMENTALS OF THE UN E-GOVERNMENT SURVEY END OF THE COURSE