Zahra Hosseini Raymond Cole School of Architecture + Landscape Architecture University of British Columbia
Current Situation
Material Flow?
C&D Waste Rates Worldwide Raw Material Consumption Metro Vancouver Waste!"#$ %"#$ &'()*+,-.'($/(0,)*+1$ 2*34+$ (Roodman and Lenssen, 1995) http://vancouver.ca
Current Green Building Strategies Building reuse Material reuse Recycled content Recyclable Local Certified wood Rapidly renewable Low-emitting Durable materials Reuse Deconstruction Recycle Embodied carbon footprint Local Responsible industry Eliminate red list Assessment criteria: Fossil fuel depletion Water use Global warming potential Ozon depletion Acidification Toxic releases
Positive Design
Less bad is not good enough! Previous damages should be healed http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2009/09/manhattan/miller-text\ http://www.ipcc.ch
Net-Positive Design Giving more than requiring Energy Flows Water Flows Material Flows
Can we apply the notion of net-positive to construction material flows? Energy Flows Water Flows Material Flows
Net-Positive Material Use - Achievability? - Definition criteria? Photo by Jeff Kubina - Definition boundaries? anagennao.org
Net-Zero/Positive Energy Buildings
Current Definitions Net-Zero Energy Buildings Energy demand = Renewable-energy supply Net-Positive Energy Buildings Energy demand < Renewable-energy supply Yearly Renewable Energy Supply Yearly Energy Demand
Net-Zero/Positive Energy Buildings Definitions Criteria Metrics Boundaries Baseline Timeframe Site Energy Source Energy Supply Building footprint Reduced energy demand Monthly/Seasonal Yearly Cost Emissions Building site Off-site resources Generated energy = Consumed energy Building Operating Time Building Life Cycle Exergy Off-site supply Excess Off-grid On-grid
Net-Zero/Positive Energy Net-Zero/Positive Energy Buildings Buildings Metrics Boundaries Baseline Timeframe Site Energy Source Energy Supply Building footprint Reduced energy demand Monthly/Seasonal Yearly Cost Emissions Building site Off-site resources Generated energy = Consumed energy Building Operating Time Building Life Cycle Exergy Off-site supply Excess Off-grid On-grid
Net-Zero/Positive Energy Net-Zero/Positive Energy Buildings Buildings Metrics Boundaries Baseline Timeframe Site Energy Source Energy Supply Building footprint Reduced energy demand Monthly/Seasonal Yearly Cost Emissions Building site Off-site resources Generated energy = Consumed energy Building Operating Time Building Life Cycle Exergy Off-site supply Excess Off-grid On-grid
Net-Zero/Positive Energy Net-Zero/Positive Energy Buildings Buildings Metrics Boundaries Baseline Timeframe Site Energy Source Energy Supply Building footprint Reduced energy demand Monthly/Seasonal Yearly Cost Emissions Building site Off-site resources Generated energy = Consumed energy Building Operating Time Building Life Cycle Exergy Off-site supply Excess Off-grid On-grid
Net-Zero/Positive Energy Net-Zero/Positive Energy Buildings Buildings Metrics Boundaries Baseline Timeframe Site Energy Source Energy Supply Building footprint Reduced energy demand Monthly/Seasonal Yearly Cost Emissions Building site Off-site resources Generated energy = Consumed energy Building Operating Time Building Life Cycle Exergy Off-site supply Excess Off-grid On-grid
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Convectional Materials Closing materials loop Bio-Materials Producing more than use
Possible Definitions for Conventional Materials Quantitative Number of recovery times Qualitative Increasing of value Recovery Times 1 Recovered once Net-Positive Net-Zero Material Value Net-Positive New mat. Value = Old mat. Value Net-Zero Time Time
Possible Definitions for Conventional Materials Quantitative Number of recovery times Qualitative Increasing of value Recovery Times 1 Recovered once Net-Positive Net-Zero Material Value Net-Positive New mat. Value = Old mat. Value Net-Zero Time Time
Quantitative Number of recovery times Qualitative Increasing of value Challenges Future uncertainties Recovery quality Value metrics Value beneficiary Recovery types
Net-Positive Material Use Metrics Qualitative Value metrics Value Cultural - Economic Environmental Social Physical Psychological Cost LCA Employment Aesthetic Strength
Net-Positive Material Use Boundaries Qualitative Value beneficiaries Value Cultural - Economic Environmental Social Physical Psychological Material / Component Economic Environmental Social Physical Building Economic Environmental Social District
Net-Positive Material Use Boundaries Qualitative Value beneficiaries Value Cultural - Economic Environmental Social Physical Psychological Material Function Material Visibility Stakeholders View Economic Environmental Social Physical Building Function Stakeholders View Economic Environmental Social Stakeholders View
Net-Positive Material Use Baseline Qualitative New Material Value = Reclaimed Material Value Quantitative The material is reused once in the same function Qualitative New Building Value = Old Building Value Quantitative Building made of reused materials that are reused once?
Net-Positive Material Use Timeframe n Material s Lifetime Component s Lifetime Building s Lifetime
Net-Positive Material Use Questions to be answered: How detailed or broad the definition of value should be? How different criteria can be related to assess the overall value? What is the most appropriate physical boundary for the definition? What are the strategies for dealing with uncertainties about future? blog.iesve.com
Zahra Hosseini Raymond Cole School of Architecture + Landscape Architecture University of British Columbia