Introduction to Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory. A Municipal perspective. Magash Naidoo & Linda Somazembe 21/08/2015
Source: www.ghgprotocol.org
Methodology International Local Government GHG Emissions Analysis Protocol; Local Government Operations protocol for the Quantification and reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories. Replaced by: Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories: An Accounting and Reporting Standard for Cities.
Boundary. Terminology Carbon Dioxide equivalent CO2e. Activity data. Emissions factor: e.g. Electricity 1.03 kg CO2e. Global Warming Potential (GWP): CO2 (1), CH4 (28), N2O (265), SF6 (23,5000). Base year. Double Counting.
Basic Equation GHG = Activity data x Emission factor (units are critical!)
Accounting & Reporting principles Relevance. Completeness. Consistency. Transparency.
IE Included Elsewhere. Notation keys NE Not Estimated. NO Not Occurring. C Confidential.
Time Period 12 months (calendar year). Financial year.
Greenhouse gases Carbon Dioxide (CO2). Methane (CH4). Nitrous Oxide (N2O). Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Perfluorocarbons (PFCs). Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6). Nitrogen Triflouride (NF3).
Sector: Stationary Energy Residential buildings. Commercial & Institutional buildings & facilities. Manufacturing industries & construction. Energy industries. Agriculture, forestry, and fishing activities. Non-specified sources Fugitive emissions from mining, processing, storage, and transportation of coal. Fugitive emissions from oil and natural gas systems.
Sector: Transportation On-road. Railways. Waterbourne navigation Aviation. Off-road.
Sector: Waste Solid waste disposal. Biological treatment of waste. Incineration an open burning. Wastewater treatment and discharge.
Industrial Processes. Product use. Sector: IPPU
Livestock. Land. Sector: AFOLU Aggregate source and non-co2 emission sources on land.
Sector: Other (Scope 3) Examples in ethekwini Municipality: Eskom managed Streetlights. Flights.
Data tracking tool
Data storage
Data Templates
Data Sources: Stationary Energy Emission Source Scope Type Source Activity data Fuel combustion within Municipal boundary 1 HFO, bitumen, NG, LPG, Coal, Coke, Paraffin, Refinery gas DoE (FSV) Grid-supplied electricity 2 Electricity Municipal, Eskom Technical and nontechnical losses 3 Electricity Municipal, Eskom Unit per fuel type kwh kwh Source: Adapted from GPC
Data Sources: Transportation Emission Source Scope Type Source Activity data Fuel combustion for inboundary transport Emissions from transboundary transportation 1 Petrol, Diesel. (ASIF model). DoE, traffic unit. 3 Diesel DoE, Transnet Distance travelled by type of vehicle and type of fuel. Distance travelled by type of vehicle and type of fuel Source: Adapted from GPC
Data Sources: Waste Emission Scope Type Source Activity data Data Sources: Transportation Solid Waste 1, 2 First Order of Decay, Methane commitment method Municipal, Private Amount of waste received/disposed at the landfill site Certified Emission Reduction 1 Waste composition approach Wastewater Treatment 1 Organic content based approach (CH 4, N 2 O) Municipal Municipal Mass of organic waste treated Emission generation potential
Data Sources: IPPU & AFOLU Emission Source Scope Type Source Activity data Industrial processes within Municipal boundary 1 F-gases, Pulp and Paper production Private. Mass of material input or product input Livestock 1 Livestock based approach Sugarcane 1 Land area based approach DAFF Municipal Number of animals by livestock category and manure management system Sugarcane are burnt, and mass of fuel available for combustion
Calculation Tool
Verification Internal Self-verification. External third party verification.
Reporting & Publishing Carbonn Climate Registry (ccr). Uploading to Municipal website.
MtCO2e ethekwini GHG emissions 35 Community Emissions 30 Government Emissions 25 20 15 10 5 - Yr 2002 Yr 2003/2004 Yr 2005/2006 Yr 2010 Yr 2011 Yr 2012 Yr 2013
ethekwini Sector GHG breakdown 2013 Residential 13% Commercial 9% Industrial 31% Transportation 39% Municipality 5% Other 3%
Municipal breakdown 2013 Power Generation Facilities 44% Solid Waste Facilities 6% Buildings & Other Facilities 12% Streetlights & Traffic Signals 8% Water Delivery Facilities 3% Wastewater Facilities 8% Transit Fleet 2% Vehicle Fleet 3% Employee Air Travel 0% Certified Emission Reduction 14%
Community breakdown 2013 Industrial 31% On-road and Off-road Vehicles 23% Rail, Air and Water Transport Systems 17% Industrial Processes and Product Use 1% Commercial 9% Residential 13% ethekwini Municipality 5% Solid Waste 1% Agriculture, Land Use and Forestry 0%
Contact Magash Naidoo, 083 777 3837. Magash.Naidoo@Durban.gov.za Linda Somazembe, 031 322 2633. Linda.Somazembe@Durban.gov.za