A Replicable Energy Efficiency Program Created in the Empire State Building Anthony E. Malkin, Chairman and CEO, Empire State Realty Trust 1
Empire State Building One of a Kind Icon of aspiration and achievement 4.4 million annual visitors 2.8 million square feet of leasable office space 2
Three overarching goals: 1. Make a business case for energy efficiency retrofits 2. Establish a replicable, return on investment model 3. Inform public policy with practice and motivate others to follow suit 4. If we succeed only at the Empire State Building, we have failed 3
Establishing a Replicable February 2008, ESB collaborates with Clinton Climate Initiative, Jones Lang LaSalle, JCI, and the Rocky Mountain Institute. The result: Model Reduce building s thermal and electrical energy consumption by 38.4 percent $4.4 million annual energy cost savings 3-year payback 4
Projects in Detail After assessing 67 energy efficiency ideas, eight projects in combination were ultimately selected for implementation 1. Window refurbishment 2. Radiator insulation retrofit 3. Lighting and plug upgrades 4. Air handling replacement 5. Chiller plant retrofit 6. Whole-building control system upgrade 7. Ventilation control upgrade 8. Tenant energy management systems 5
Window Refurbishment 6,514 windows removed and remanufactured on-site Reduced heat loss or gains between outside and inside of building Retrofit made windows 4x more efficient, raising from R value 2 to R 6
Radiation Insulation One steam radiator is located beneath each window Installed radiative barriers behind each radiator Ensured heat remained in the building Retrofit 7
Lighting and Plug Upgrades Provided ability to operate with electric lights off or dimmed depending on daylight availability Reduced lighting power density in tenant spaces 8
Air Handler Replacements Replaced over 300 existing air handling units o Digital variable air volume units easier to maintain o Provides greater occupant comfort 9
Chiller Plant Retrofit More efficient windows leads to reduced cooling needs ESB retrofitted four existing electric chillers Improved energy efficiency and 10
Whole-Building Control System Upgrade Renovated building controls to optimize HVAC operation New control system is largest wireless building control system in the world Continuous real time data to the operators of the ESB 11
Ventilation Control Upgrade CO2 sensors modulate amount of outside air in occupied spaces based on number of occupants Cool exterior air cleaned by filters to save chiller plant operation and improve indoor air quality All is controlled by integrated building energy management systems 12
Annual Energy Savings by Measure The key to the ESB process is integrating the right steps in the right order. There is no silver bullet, there are silver buckshot 13
Tenant Energy Management Tenant energy management program engages existing tenants in sustainability efforts Systems Tenants are able to access accurate and transparent energy use data 14
Tenant Enthusiasm Participation of tenants in the building s program delivers 17 percent of the total energy reduction per the original analysis ESB team created program including workable guidelines and incentives for tenants to achieve energy savings New tenants enthusiastic to occupy sustainably designed and built space with reduced energy cost Retrofit enhanced the building s appeal to occupants Some tenants have gone far beyond the performance 15 specifications
Unexpected Benefits Chiller Plant Excess Initial plans to install additional chiller shelved Insulation and better controls lowered the chiller load by more than 33 percent 16
On Time, Within Budget, Ahead of Forecast As of year three, the Empire State Building is ahead of projections for its energy reduction goals Beat energy-efficiency guarantee by 15.9 percent, saving $2.8 million Approx. $7.5 million in energy savings at the landmark building over 3 years The program overall is well ahead of its energy reduction goals, well ahead of its projected return on investment 17
Achieving Replicability Over the past three years, the energy retrofit model has been replicated throughout the United States, including 13 of ESRT s properties The Moscone Center San Francisco 18
Sustainable Retrofits In midst of the Great Depression, the Empire State Building became the tallest building in the world. Now it is one of the most energy efficient Pay There is no quicker route to reducing our nation s overall energy 19