EUROPEAN CHAINSAW STANDARDS: 2011

EUROPEAN CHAINSAW STANDARDS: 2011 Diagnostic tools Level of importance ECC 1: Chainsaw Maintenance and Crosscutting Techniques What the chainsaw operator must be able to do: ( Test-Recommended guide bar size 30-38cm & maximum time allowed 60min) Pre-requisite: none LO-1 TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF (PPE) AND OTHERS AROUND YOU AT WORK - Candidate to wear appropriate PPE, sign RA & show ID: 1 1:1 Chainsaw safety trousers 1:1 1:2 Chainsaw safety boots 1:2 1:3 Safety helmet 1:3 1:4 Eye & ear protection 1:4 1:5 Gloves appropriate to task 1:5 1:6 Non-snag outer clothing 1:6 1:7 Personal /Squad First Aid Kit on work site 1:7 1:8 Whistle/Mobile/Radio 1:8 LO-2 CHAINSAW MAINTENANCE-Candidate to check function of safety features: 2 2A:1 Chain brake 2A:1 2A:2 Anti-vibration mounts 2A:2 2A:3 Safety chain 2A:3 2A:4 Throttle lock 2A:4 2A:5 Exhaust away from the operator 2A:5 2A:6 Chain catcher 2A:6 2A:7 Legal symbols: Head/eye/ear defender 2A:7 2A:8 Right hand guard 2A:8 2A:9 Left hand guard 2A:9 2A:10 Chain/Bar cover 2A:10 2A:11 Functional clearly marked on/off switch 2A:11 Candidate to sharpen whole saw chain: 2B:1 Chain checked for damage and compatibility with bar and sprockets 2B:1 2B:2 Cutters sharpened using file of correct size with handle fitted & correct top/side plate angles 2B:2 2B:3 Equal length of cutters maintained 2B:3 2B:4 Filing burrs removed 2B:4 2B:5 Height and profile of depth gauges 2B:5 Candidate to maintain guide bar: 2C:1 Straightness of bar checked 2C:1 2C:2 Identify uneven/damaged/blued/cracked rails 2C:2 2C:3 Burrs removed and edges chamfered/curved 2C:3 2C:4 Groove (depth checked) and oil holes cleared 2C:4 2C:5 Sprocket nose greased if applicable 2C:5 2C:6 Bar turned to reduce wear 2C:6 Candidate to undertake other maintenance tasks: 2D:1 Drive sprocket inspected 2D:1 2D:2 Chain brake cleaned & inspected 2D:2 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 1

2D:3 Candidate to correctly re-assemble chain, bar and side plate 2D:3 Candidate to inspect & clean air filter: 2E:1 Remove debris from around filter 2E:1 2E:2 Remove and clean filter protecting carburettor intake 2E:2 Candidate to inspect spark plug: 2F:1 Colour, tightness, drop test, gap size 2F:1 Candidate to clean, inspect & re-tension starter recoil mechanism: 2G:1 Remove starter cover, clear air ways, check cord wear 2G:1 2G:2 Release and re-tension cord and coil spring 2G:2 2G:3 Check handle/pull toggle for security 2G:3 Candidate to inspect fuel filter: 2H:1 Remove cap, hook filter with tool, comment 2H:1 LO-3 OPERATIONAL SAFETY CHECKS - Candidate to check chainsaw for condition/sharpness etc and pre-use safety: 3 3:1 Cold/Warm start method (ground/ leg lock ) 3:1 3:2 Safe start distance from fuel (min.1m or greater according to national guidance) 3:2 3:3 Chain brake tested with saw running 3:3 3:4 Saw checked for oiling (e.g. oil throw test or oil present on drive links) 3:4 3:5 Chain not moving when throttle released (no chain creep) 3:5 3:6 On/off switch is working (pull choke to stop if not, then label not to be used) 3:6 3:7 Chain tension warm re-checked 3:7 LO-4 MEET LEGAL & SITE ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL STANDARDS - Candidate to check specifications: 4 4.1 Protection of fauna, flora, wildlife, waterways, site specifications etc, regards pollution/damage: 4.1 INSPECT TIMBER & USE SAFE CROSSCUT METHODS - Candidate to crosscut timber under guide bar length, according to the measurements given LO-5 with some moderate tension & compression present: A minimum of 8 cross cuts plus a minimum of 4 vertical boring cuts need to be demonstrated to standard using both upper & lower nose of the guide bar. 5 5:1 Walk site, check timber and selection of fuel storage 5:1 5:2 Safe stance 5:2 5:3 Bar aligned to maintain accuracy 5:3 5:4 Head/neck out of line of chain 5:4 5:5 Use of throttle to cut safely and efficiently 5:5 5:6 Left thumb around top handle 5:6 5:7 Use of boring to initiate cuts where access is limited 5:7 5:8 Sequence of cuts to prevent saw becoming trapped or uncontrolled timber movement 5:8 5:9 Tension and compression cuts should meet 5:9 5:10 Chain brake used appropriately: when walking with the engine running, if the saw has to be put down whilst moving cut material or before taking a hand off the saw 5:10 5:11 Safe withdrawal of saw from the cut 5:11 5:12 Ergonomics: straight back, use of legs to control saw, bending at knees 5:12 LO-6 SELECT & USE APPROPRIATE AID TOOLS-Candidate to demonstrate use of appropriate aids to handle / move products: 6 6:1 Correct stance during lifting 6:1 6:2 Avoiding excessive lifting by levering, sliding, rolling etc 6:2 6:3 Site left tidy & safe 6:3 What the chainsaw operator must know and understand: (Theory Test) 1 Demonstrate knowledge of how to identify hazards and comply with the control measures of risk assessments 1 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 2

2 Demonstrate knowledge of emergency planning and procedures 2 3 Demonstrate knowledge on why the PPE is required and what kind of PPE that is required 3 4 Demonstrate knowledge of carrying out daily and weekly maintenance, settings and pre-start checks as per manufacturers recommendations 4 4:1 Demonstrate knowledge of information required to select a replacement chain for a given saw 4:1 4:2 Demonstrate knowledge of reasons for chain maintenance 4:2 4:3 Demonstrate knowledge of reasons for maintaining guide bar 4:3 4:4 Demonstrate knowledge on sprocket replacement 4:4 4:5 Demonstrate knowledge on clutch components 4:5 4:6 Demonstrate knowledge on power unit and covers and inspect for damage 4:6 4:7 Demonstrate knowledge on condition of spark plug 4:7 4:8 Demonstrate knowledge on chain tension 4:8 4:9 Demonstrate knowledge on air filter and compartment and explain the purpose of cleaning 4:9 4:10 Demonstrate knowledge on cord condition and recoil starter mechanism 4:10 4:11 Demonstrate knowledge on fuel filter maintenance 4:11 4:12 Demonstrate knowledge on condition and pre-use operational safety checks on the chainsaw 4:12 4:13 Demonstrate knowledge on chain oiling system and on their function 4:13 4:14 Demonstrate knowledge of symptoms associated with poor cutting performance 4:14 5 Demonstrate knowledge of maintaining the safety and security of chainsaw(s) and other equipment 5 6 Demonstrate knowledge of the safety considerations required during crosscutting. 6 7 Demonstrate knowledge of maintaining effective teamwork when working with others 7 8 Demonstrate knowledge of how to remove a trapped saw 8 9 Demonstrate knowledge of the alternative methods of carrying out a boring cut and the safeguards required 9 10 Demonstrate knowledge of the risks associated with using long chainsaw bars to cut small diameter timber 10 11 Demonstrate knowledge of methods required for cross cutting timber of greater diameter than the chainsaw bar 11 12 Demonstrate knowledge of the implications of terrain, ground conditions, season, weather and species 12 13 Demonstrate knowledge of causes of, and how to prevent, potential pollution, environmental damage 13 14 Demonstrate knowledge of how to identify your own capabilities and limitations as operator 14 15 Demonstrate knowledge of the principles of a safe effective stance whilst crosscutting under guidebar length in diameter 15 16 Demonstrate knowledge of how to apply ergonomic working methods and the implications of manual handling regulations 16 17 Demonstrate knowledge of how to move or roll timber by hand and with mechanical assistance 17 18 Demonstrate knowledge regarding first aid and chainsaw use 18 19 Demonstrate knowledge of how to identify tension and compression in timber 19 20 Demonstrate knowledge of the methods and safeguards required when dismantling timber (e.g. hardwood or similar tops) with vertically aligned stems, branches or sections 20 21 Demonstrate knowledge of precautions to take to avoid the danger of logs rolling 21 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 3

Diagnostic tools Level of importance ECC 2: Basic Tree Felling Techniques (Small Trees) What the chainsaw operator must be able to do: ( Test-Recommended guide bar size 30-38cm & maximum time allowed 1hr30min) Pre-requisite: ECC1 LO-1 TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF (PPE) AND OTHERS AROUND YOU AT WORK - Candidate to wear appropriate PPE, sign RA & show ID: 1 1:1 Chainsaw safety trousers 1:1 1:2 Chainsaw safety boots 1:2 1:3 Safety helmet 1:3 1:4 Eye & ear protection 1:4 1:5 Gloves appropriate to task 1:5 1:6 Non-snag outer clothing 1:6 1:7 Personal /Squad First Aid Kit on work site 1:7 1:8 Whistle/Mobile/Radio 1:8 LO-2 PLANNING THE WORK INCLUDING WHAT TO DO IF THERE IS AN EMERGENCY - Candidate to identify hazards relevant to the site & trees to be worked on: 2 2:1 Risk Assessment 2:1 2:2 Method statement 2:2 2:3 Emergency planning 2:3 LO-3 OPERATIONAL SAFETY CHECKS- Candidate to check chainsaw for condition/sharpness etc and pre-use safety: 3 3:1 Cold/Warm start method (ground/ leg lock ) 3:1 3:2 Safe start distance from fuel (min.1m or greater according to national guidance) 3:2 3:3 Chain brake tested with saw running 3:3 3:4 Saw checked for oiling (e.g. oil throw test or oil present on drive links) 3:4 3:5 Chain not moving when throttle released (no chain creep) 3:5 3:6 On/off switch is working (pull choke to stop if not, then label not to be used) 3:6 3:7 Chain tension warm re-checked 3:7 LO-4 MEET LEGAL & SITE ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL STANDARDS - Candidate to check specifications: 4 4.1 Protection of fauna, flora, wildlife, waterways, site specifications etc, regards pollution/damage: 4.1 LO-5 PREPARE THE TREE FOR FELLING BY SAFE BRASHING - Candidate to remove low branches considering: 5 5:1 Correct break-in 5:1 5:2 Position of the saw in relation to the operator, bar on opposite side of stem or out of line of head/neck and body 5:2 5:3 Saw body not above shoulder height 5:3 5:4 Operating technique 5:4 5:5 Brashing close to the stem 5:5 LO-6 FELL A MINIMUM OF 3 TREES IN A SAFE & ERGONOMIC WAY - Candidate to fell an upright tree, a backward weighted tree & forward weighted tree: 6 6A:1 Trees Inspected for signs of rot or decay, loose branches & accurate evaluation of weight distribution and selection of fuel storage 6A:1 6A:2 Choice of felling direction made 6A:2 6A:3 Escape routes prepared and selected 6A:3 Candidate to cut a sink to determine felling direction on both upright & backward weighted trees, using: 6B:1 Safe stance 6B:1 6B:2 Top sink cut normally between 45-60 6B:2 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 4

6B:3 Bottom sink cut as close to ground as practicable 6B:3 6B:4 Cuts 20-30% into stem unless RA dictates otherwise 6B:4 6B:5 Sink cuts to meet accurately 6B:5 6B:6 Sink facing in the chosen direction of fall 6B:6 6B:7 Chain brake as appropriate 6B:7 Candidate to make the main felling cut/s on both upright & backward weighted trees using: 6C:1 Safe stance 6C:1 6C:2 Ears cut at appropriate depth and height to avoid tearing as appropriate 6C:2 6C:3 Main felling cut no more than 10% of tree diameter above level of sink 6C:3 6C:4 Pushing chain or pulling chain as appropriate 6C:4 6C:5 Safe withdrawal of the saw 6C:5 6C:6 Chain brake as appropriate 6C:6 6C:7 A hinge retained no less than 10% tree diameter at felling height unless the RA dictates otherwise 6C:7 6C:8 Site check for safety before the main felling cut completed & shout verbal warning 6C:8 6C:9 Appropriate aid tools as required to fell tree 6C:9 6C:10 Use a prepared escape route as soon as the tree begins to fall, not losing sight of tree 6C:10 Candidate to fell a tree which is forward weighted considering: 6D:1 Determine felling method and safe working zones 6D:1 6D:2 Select and prepare escape route(s) 6D:2 6D:3 Prepare a sink of the correct dimensions 6D:3 6D:4 Felling cuts made using a safe and effective felling method 6D:4 6D:5 A hinge & rear hold is retained of adequate dimensions 6D:5 6D:6 The hold at the rear of the tree is severed in a correct manner 6D:6 6D:7 Appropriate aid tools are used safely if required to fell tree 6D:7 6D:8 A prepared escape route is used as soon as the tree begins to fall 6D:8 6D:9 Site checked for safety before tree has fallen- shout verbal warning 6D:9 LO-7 REMOVE BRANCHES & CROSSCUT STEMS IN A SAFE & ERGONOMIC WAY - Safe working practice will include: 7 7A:1 Correct stance and support of the saw on tree and/or right leg 7A:1 7A:2 Left thumb around the front handle 7A:2 7A:3 Neither handle released while the chain is moving 7A:3 7A:4 Apply chain brake if reaching across bar 7A:4 7A:5 Apply chain brake when negotiating obstacles 7A:5 Candidate to Avoid: 7A:6 Walking when saw is on same side of tree as operator 7A:6 7A:7 Reaching too far round with saw on far side of tree 7A:7 7A:8 Cutting towards legs or body 7A:8 7A:9 Using tip of guide bar 7A:9 7A:10 Overreaching with chainsaw 7A:10 7A:11 Straddling the stem 7A:11 7A:12 Working on lower side of tree on side slopes 7A:12 Candidate to demonstrate: 7B:1 Systematic sequence of cuts and position of the saw to remove branches as appropriate for the branching habit 7B:1 7B:2 All branches removed flush with the stem 7B:2 Candidate to remove the top of the tree in accordance with site specifications: A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 5

7C:1 Cut top at appropriate diameter 7C:1 7C:2 Remove top with a safe method of cutting 7C:2 7C:3 Dispose of top according to Job Specification 7C:3 Crosscut pole length timber to a specification. Candidate to use: 7D:1 Safe stance 7D:1 7D:2 Reducing cuts as appropriate 7D:2 7D:3 Correct boring technique 7D:3 7D:4 Correct angle and depth of cuts 7D:4 7D:5 Compression cut first as appropriate 7D:5 7D:6 Correct location of final (tension) cut 7D:6 7D:7 Correct use of throttle 7D:7 7D:8 Correct accuracy of cuts 7D:8 7D:9 Correct use of chain brake 7D:9 7D:10 Accuracy of measurement within reasonable tolerance 7D:10 7D:11 Appropriate aids for rolling / lifting 7D:11 LO-8 TAKE DOWN A HUNG-UP TREE IN A SAFE & ERGONOMIC WAY WITHOUT A WINCH-Safe working practice will include: 8 Candidate to partially sever the hinge of hung-up tree with the chainsaw using: 8A:1 Correct stance 8A:1 8A:2 Safe position to side of tree 8A:2 8A:3 Safe cutting technique for removal of the hinge, leaving part(s) of hinge attached as appropriate to take down method utilised 8A:3 8A:4 Safe withdrawal of the saw 8A:4 Candidate to take down the tree using hand tools: 8B:1 Aid tool positioned and attached safely & effectively 8B:1 8B:2 Straight back 8B:2 8B:3 Correct pushing/pulling technique as appropriate 8B:3 8B:4 Correct grip 8B:4 8B:5 Repositioning aid tool as appropriate 8B:5 8B:6 Method applied avoids working in danger areas 8B:6 8B:7 Release of aid tool as tree falls 8B:7 8B:8 Use escape route(s) as appropriate 8B:8 If tree does not fall through the canopy when rolled, sever last part of the hinge from a safe position & walk down e.g. wooden pole, using correct lifting 8B:9 8B:9 method 8B:10 Tree in a stable condition on the ground, mechanical takedown arranged, or tree clearly taped off as a hazard if necessary 8B:10 8B:11 Site left safe & tidy 8B:11 What the chainsaw operator must know and understand: (Theory Test) 1 Demonstrate knowledge of how to identify hazards and comply with the control procedures of risk assessments 1 2 Demonstrate knowledge of emergency planning and procedures for the site using the actual emergency plan for that site 2 3 Demonstrate knowledge of electrical emergency planning and procedures 3 4 Describe the implications of terrain, ground conditions, season, weather and species 4 5 Demonstrate knowledge of the legal requirements for felling trees in different circumstances 5 6 Demonstrate knowledge of the causes of, and how to prevent, potential pollution, environmental damage 6 7 Demonstrate knowledge of how and why to initiate and maintain effective communication 7 8 Demonstrate knowledge of your own role in company working practices and industry good practice 8 19 Demonstrate knowledge of how to apply ergonomic working methods and the implications of manual handling regulations 19 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 6

10 Demonstrate knowledge of how to move or roll timber by hand and with mechanical assistance 10 11 Demonstrate knowledge of how to recognise signs of disease and decay in trees and the effects of these on safety 11 12 Demonstrate knowledge of how to take down hung up trees safely and in line with industry guidelines including recognition of bad practice 12 13 Demonstrate knowledge of safe techniques of delimbing 13 Demonstrate knowledge of safeguarding and maintaining your own health and safety and communication with those likely to be affected by 14 your work 14 15 Demonstrate knowledge of the dangers of using a pushing chain 15 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 7

Diagnostic tools Level of importance ECC 3: Advanced Tree Felling Techniques (Medium & Large Trees) What the chainsaw operator must be able to do: ( Test-Recommended min. guide bar size 38cm & max. time allowed 2hr30min) Pre-requisite: ECC2 LO-1 TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF (PPE) AND OTHERS AROUND YOU AT WORK - Candidate to wear appropriate PPE, sign RA & show ID: 1 1:1 Chainsaw safety trousers 1:1 1:2 Chainsaw safety boots 1:2 1:3 Safety helmet 1:3 1:4 Eye & ear protection 1:4 1:5 Gloves appropriate to task 1:5 1:6 Non-snag outer clothing 1:6 1:7 Personal /Squad First Aid Kit - on work site 1:7 1:8 Whistle/Mobile/Radio 1:8 LO-2 PLANNING THE WORK INCLUDING WHAT TO DO IF THERE IS AN EMERGENCY - Candidate to identify hazards relevant to the site & trees: 2 2:1 Risk Assessment 2:1 2:2 Method statement 2:2 2:3 Emergency planning 2:3 LO-3 OPERATIONAL SAFETY CHECKS - Candidate to check chainsaw for condition/sharpness etc and pre-use safety: 3 3:1 Cold/Warm start method (ground/ leg lock ) 3:1 3:2 Safe start distance from fuel (min.1m or greater according to national guidance) 3:2 3:3 Chain brake tested with saw running 3:3 3:4 Saw checked for oiling (e.g. oil throw test or oil present on drive links) 3:4 3:5 Chain not moving when throttle released (no chain creep) 3:5 3:6 On/off switch is working (pull choke to stop if not, then label not to be used) 3:6 3:7 Chain tension warm re-checked 3:7 LO-4 MEET LEGAL & SITE ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL STANDARDS - Candidate to check specifications: 4 4.1 Protection of fauna, flora, wildlife, waterways, site specifications etc, regards pollution/damage: 4.1 LO-5 PREPARE THE TREE FOR FELLING BY SAFE BRASHING-Candidate to remove low branches considering: 5 5:1 Correct break-in 5:1 5:2 Position of the saw in relation to the operator, bar on opposite side of stem or out of line of head/neck and body 5:2 5:3 Saw body not above shoulder height 5:3 5:4 Operating technique 5:4 5:5 Brashing close to the stem as appropriate to the situation 5:5 LO-6 FELL A MINIMUM OF 2 TREES INA SAFE & ERGONOMIC WAY (One tree should be hung-up) - Candidate to fell an upright tree and either a backward, forward or side-weighted tree as chosen by the assessor (x1 tree over 38cm & x1 tree over 56cm at felling height). A winch may be used to 6 assist the felling: 6A:1 Trees Inspected for signs of rot or decay, loose branches & accurate evaluation of weight distribution and selection of fuel storage 6A:1 6A:2 Choice of felling direction made 6A:2 6A:3 Escape routes prepared and selected 6A:3 Candidate to cut a sink to determine felling direction, using: A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 8

6B:1 Safe stance 6B:1 6B:2 Top sink cut normally between 45-60 6B:2 6B:3 Bottom sink cut as close to ground as practicable 6B:3 6B:4 Cuts 20-30% into stem unless RA dictates otherwise 6B:4 6B:5 Sink cuts to meet accurately 6B:5 6B:6 Sink facing in the chosen direction of fall 6B:6 6B:7 Chain brake as appropriate 6B:7 6B:8 Boring cut made if appropriate into the middle of the sink at appropriate height, depth and width to remove centre of the tree 6B:8 Candidate to make the main felling cut/s using: 6C:1 Safe stance 6C:1 6C:2 Buttresses removed or ears cut at appropriate depth and height to avoid tearing as appropriate 6C:2 6C:3 Main felling cut in line with or slightly above level of sink & use of plunge/boring-cuts as appropriate 6C:3 6C:4 Final felling cut from tension side 6C:4 6C:5 Safe withdrawal of the saw 6C:5 6C:6 Chain brake as appropriate 6C:6 6C:7 A hinge retained no less than 10% tree diameter at felling height unless the RA dictates otherwise 6C:7 6C:8 Site check for safety before the main felling cut completed & shout verbal warning 6C:8 6C:9 Appropriate aid tools as required to assist felling 6C:9 6C:10 Use a prepared escape route as soon as the tree begins to fall, not losing sight of tree 6C:10 LO-7 REMOVE BRANCHES & CROSSCUT STEMS IN A SAFE & ERGONOMIC WAY (crown breakdown of suitable large conifer or broadleaf of adequate weight should be used) - Safe working practice will include: 7 7A:1 Correct stance and support of the saw on tree and/or right leg 7A:1 7A:2 Left thumb around the front handle 7A:2 7A:3 Neither handle released while the chain is moving 7A:3 7A:4 Apply chain brake if reaching across bar 7A:4 7A:5 Apply chain brake when negotiating obstacles 7A:5 Candidate to avoid: 7A:6 Walking when saw is on same side of tree as operator 7A:6 7A:7 Reaching too far round with saw on far side of tree 7A:7 7A:8 Cutting towards legs or body 7A:8 7A:9 Using tip of guide bar 7A:9 7A:10 Overreaching with chainsaw 7A:10 7A:11 Straddling the stem 7A:11 7A:12 Working on lower side of tree on side slopes 7A:12 Trees are de-limbed / broken down using a safe and effective method: 7B:1 Small branch wood removed before cutting main branches if appropriate 7B:1 7B:2 Observe tension in branches, especially those supporting main stem 7B:2 7B:3 Work only from compression side of branches under severe side tension 7B:3 7B:4 Compression and tension forces are assessed and appropriate cuts used 7B:4 7B:5 Heavy branches gradually reduced in length 7B:5 7B:6 Work inwards carefully to deal with ascending and overhanging branches on the upper side of the stem 7B:6 7B:7 Do not work under overhanging limbs 7B:7 7B:8 Retain main supporting branches on stem as appropriate 7B:8 7B:9 Roll the trunk to bring branches over shoulder height to a safe cutting level as appropriate 7B:9 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 9

7B:10 Sequence of cuts and position of the saw to remove branches is appropriate for the branching habit 7B:10 7B:11 Work from top side of the tree on side slopes 7B:11 7B:12 Saw is switched off or chain brake applied before clearing severed branches 7B:12 Candidate to remove the top of the tree in accordance with site specifications (top cut at right angles with appropriate tension/compression cuts): 7C:1 Cut top at appropriate diameter 7C:1 7C:2 Remove top with a safe method of cutting 7C:2 7C:3 Dispose of top according to Job Specification 7C:3 Remove remaining branches using a safe and effective method using an under sweep technique only is not acceptable: 7D:1 Turn stem using appropriate aid tools/techniques 7D:1 7D:2 Use stem for protection when removing remaining branches 7D:2 7D:3 Use a safe and effective method to sever remaining branches 7D:3 7D:4 All branches removed flush with the stem 7D:4 Crosscut pole length timber to a specification. Candidate to use: 7E:1 Safe stance 7E:1 7E:2 Reducing cuts as appropriate 7E:2 7E:3 Correct boring technique 7E:3 7E:4 Correct angle and depth of cuts 7E:4 7E:5 Compression cut first as appropriate 7E:5 7E:6 Correct location of final (tension) cut 7E:6 7E:7 Correct use of throttle 7E:7 7E:8 Correct accuracy of cuts 7E:8 7E:9 Correct use of chain brake 7E:9 7E:10 Accuracy of measurement within reasonable tolerance 7E:10 7E:11 Appropriate aids for rolling / lifting 7E:11 LO-8 TAKE DOWN A HUNG-UP TREE IN A SAFE & ERGONOMIC WAY WITH A WINCH - Safe working practice will include: 8 Candidate to prepare the site to facilitate take down procedure: 8A:1 Assess position of tree and check condition of hinge 8A:1 8A:2 Remove debris and obstacles from take down route 8A:2 8A:3 Decide on the final felling direction 8A:3 8A:4 Prepare new escape routes as appropriate 8A:4 8A:5 Select and position winch equipment as required 8A:5 8A:6 No unauthorised person within two tree lengths or directly below on steep slopes 8A:6 Candidate to partially sever the hinge of hung-up tree with the chainsaw using: 8B:1 Correct stance 8B:1 8B:2 Safe position to side of tree 8B:2 8B:3 Position and angle of cuts for removal of appropriate part of the hinge 8B:3 8B:4 Safe withdrawal of the saw leaving 10-20% retaining hinge either side 8B:4 Candidate to set up winch taking into consideration: 8C:1 Stump Shaped (if applicable) 8C:1 8C:2 Supporting remnants of hinge removed carefully 8C:2 8C:3 Position of strop on the butt 8C:3 8C:4 Attachment of winch cable to strop 8C:4 8C:5 Position and anchorage of winch 8C:5 8C:6 Communication with winch operator is clearly established (if applicable) 8C:6 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 10

8C:7 Appropriate PPE is used to handle cable 8C:7 Candidate safely operates the winch: 8D:1 Position of winch operator 8D:1 8D:2 Winch is operated until tree falls 8D:2 8D:3 Reposition strop at butt or reposition anchor as appropriate 8D:3 8D:4 Offset winch with e.g. a snatch block on steep slopes or around obstacles if appropriate 8D:4 8D:5 Use escape route(s) 8D:5 8D:6 Tree is winched until stable condition on the ground 8D:6 8D:7 Strops removed, checked and stowed 8D:7 8D:8 Winch rope rewound correctly 8D:8 8D:9 Site left safe & tidy 8D:9 What the chainsaw operator must know and understand: (Theory Test) 1 Demonstrate knowledge of how to identify hazards and comply with the control measures of risk assessments 1 2 Demonstrate knowledge of emergency planning and procedures for the site using the actual emergency plan for that site 2 3 Demonstrate knowledge of electrical emergency planning and procedures 3 4 Demonstrate knowledge of the safety considerations to be observed in planning the felling operation 4 5 Demonstrate knowledge on safety points to consider when felling a larger tree that is weighted in the felling direction 5 6 Demonstrate knowledge on safety points to consider when felling a larger tree which is weighted against the intended felling direction 6 Demonstrate knowledge of optional techniques that help to ensure the felling direction and / or quality of timber is maintained when felling 7 large trees 7 8 Demonstrate knowledge of the consequence of not using the correct technique to a tree is that is weighted in the felling direction 8 Demonstrate knowledge of the consequences of not using the correct technique when felling a tree which is slightly weighted against the 9 intended felling direction 9 10 Demonstrate knowledge of felling rotten or dead trees 10 11 Demonstrate knowledge of identification of safety points when planning the branch removal procedure 11 12 Demonstrate knowledge of the safety considerations required during crosscutting 12 13 Demonstrate knowledge of how to remove a trapped saw 13 14 Demonstrate knowledge of requirements to consider when timber is stacked 14 15 Demonstrate knowledge of the safety considerations when selecting the winching equipment used 15 16 Demonstrate knowledge of the safety points that the chainsaw operator needs to consider in relation to the winching operation 16 17 Demonstrate knowledge of multiplication of forces encountered when using pulleys/snatch blocks for offset pulling and double rigging and choice of anchor points 17 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 11

Diagnostic tools Level of importance ECC 4: Windblown & Damaged Tree Techniques What the chainsaw operator must be able to do: ( Test-Recommended guide bar size 30-38cm & maximum time allowed 1hr30min) Pre-requisite: ECC3 LO-1 TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF (PPE) AND OTHERS AROUND YOU AT WORK - Candidate to wear appropriate PPE, sign RA & show ID: 1 1:1 Chainsaw safety trousers 1:1 1:2 Chainsaw safety boots 1:2 1:3 Safety helmet 1:3 1:4 Eye & ear protection 1:4 1:5 Gloves appropriate to task 1:5 1:6 Non-snag outer clothing 1:6 1:7 Personal /Squad First Aid Kit - on work site 1:7 1:8 Whistle/Mobile/Radio 1:8 LO-2 PLANNING THE WORK INCLUDING WHAT TO DO IF THERE IS AN EMERGENCY - Candidate to identify hazards relevant to the site & trees: 2 2:1 Risk Assessment 2:1 2:2 Method statement 2:2 2:3 Emergency planning 2:3 LO-3 OPERATIONAL SAFETY CHECKS - Candidate to check chainsaw for condition/sharpness etc and pre-use safety: 3 3:1 Cold/Warm start method (ground/ leg lock ) 3:1 3:2 Safe start distance from fuel (min.1m or greater according to national guidance) 3:2 3:3 Chain brake tested with saw running 3:3 3:4 Saw checked for oiling (e.g. oil throw test or oil present on drive links) 3:4 3:5 Chain not moving when throttle released (no chain creep) 3:5 3:6 On/off switch is working (pull choke to stop if not, then label not to be used) 3:6 3:7 Chain tension warm re-checked 3:7 LO-4 MEET LEGAL & SITE ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL STANDARDS - Candidate to check specifications: 4 4.1 Protection of fauna, flora, wildlife, waterways, site specifications etc, regards pollution/damage: 4.1 SEVER TREE ROOT-PLATES BOTH UNDER & OVER GUIDEBAR DIAMETER USING APPROPRIATE CUTS - The candidate must restrain one with a LO-5 winch (backward or forward weighted) using safe techniques: 5 Candidate to demonstrate appropriate reducing cut and stepped compression and tension cuts - used to sever a minimum of 3 root-plates: 5:1 Check no risk to the operator from the root-plates rolling or falling or the stems springing (including sideways) 5:1 5:2 Identify tension and compression in stems and select severing methods 5:2 5:3 Sever root-plate safely from stem under guide-bar length in diameter 5:3 5:4 Sever root-plate safely from stem over guide-bar length in diameter 5:4 5:5 Sever root-plate to retain a saw log of appropriate length 5:5 5:6 Ensure trees and root-plates are left in a safe and appropriate position and condition to enable subsequent operations 5:6 5:7 Restrain a root plate with a winch using safe anchor point(s) and compatible winching components & ancillary equipment 5:7 5:8 Sever winch-restrained root-plate safely using appropriate cuts (may be achieved as part of 3, 4 or 5 above) 5:8 5:9 Ensure tree and root-plate are left safe, in appropriate position & condition 5:9 5:10 Recover, clean and check winch as appropriate 5:10 5:11 Site left tidy & safe 5:11 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 12

LO-6 PREPARE THE SITE & FELL A DAMAGED TREE - The candidate will have to fell a minimum of either a partially uprooted (half-blown) tree or tree with a broken top as chosen by the assessor: 6 6:A1 Trees Inspected for signs of rot or decay, loose branches & accurate evaluation of weight distribution and selection of fuel storage 6:A1 6:A2 Remove debris, branches, climbing vegetation, scrub and other obstructions from around the tree and compact vegetation to facilitate access 6:A2 6:A3 Correct brashing technique demonstrated: position of the saw in relation to the operator, bar on opposite side of stem or out of line of head/neck and body 6:A3 6:A4 Saw body not used above shoulder height 6:A4 6:A5 Choice of felling direction made 6:A5 6:A6 Escape routes prepared and selected 6:A6 6:A7 A plan of operations is agreed where machinery is to be used to extract timber as windblown clearance progresses 6:A7 6:A8 Where a winch is being used: maintain safe working distances 6:A8 Candidate to cut a sink to determine felling direction, using: 6B:1 Safe stance 6B:1 6B:2 Top sink cut normally between 45-60 6B:2 6B:3 Bottom sink cut as close to ground as practicable 6B:3 6B:4 Cuts 20-30% into stem unless RA dictates otherwise 6B:4 6B:5 Sink cuts to meet accurately 6B:5 6B:6 Sink facing in the chosen direction of fall 6B:6 6B:7 Chain brake as appropriate 6B:7 6B:8 Boring cut made if safe & appropriate into the middle of the sink at appropriate height, depth and width to remove centre of the tree 6B:8 Candidate to make the main felling cut using: 6C:1 Safe stance 6C:1 6C:2 Buttresses removed or ears cut at appropriate depth and height to avoid tearing as appropriate 6C:2 6C:3 Main felling cut in line with or slightly above level of sink & use of plunge/boring-cuts as appropriate 6C:3 6C:4 Final felling cut from tension side if appropriate 6C:4 6C:5 Safe withdrawal of the saw 6C:5 6C:6 Chain brake as appropriate 6C:6 6C:7 A hinge retained no less than 10% tree diameter at felling height unless the RA dictates otherwise 6C:7 6C:8 Site check for safety before the main felling cut completed & shout verbal warning 6C:8 6C:9 Appropriate aid tools as required to assist felling 6C:9 6C:10 Use a prepared escape route as soon as the tree begins to fall, not losing sight of tree 6C:10 What the chainsaw operator must know and understand: (Theory Test) 1 Demonstrate knowledge of safety considerations and legal requirements when dealing with individually uprooted windblown trees 1 2 Demonstrate knowledge of safety regarding overhead and underground services when severing root-plates 2 3 Describe the features of tension and compression in the timber to be considered when severing root-plates 3 4 Demonstrate knowledge of when it is appropriate to use aid tools when severing root plates 4 5 Demonstrate knowledge of where winches may also be used when severing root plates 5 6 Demonstrate knowledge of additional safety considerations that may be needed when severing root-plates 6 7 Demonstrate knowledge of other types of uprooted or damaged trees that will require specialist methods 7 8 Demonstrate knowledge of selecting and inspecting winch and ancillary equipment for condition and compatibility 8 9 Demonstrate knowledge of inspection of an uprooted tree, site and winch anchor point(s) and system to be set up 9 10 Demonstrate knowledge of selecting a winch anchor point and suitability of attachments & winch 10 11 Demonstrate knowledge of when offset winching should be used and additional precautions required 11 12 Demonstrate knowledge of alternative methods of restraining a root-plate 12 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 13

13 Demonstrate knowledge of how to sever multiple windblown trees from roots, both under and over guidebar length in diameter 13 14 Demonstrate knowledge of methods of dealing with a trees with side tension 14 15 Demonstrate knowledge of how to fell leaning, half blown trees 15 16 Demonstrate knowledge of safety factors to consider when felling broken trees leaning, half blown trees and hung sections 16 17 Demonstrate knowledge of methods of dealing with a broken tree section lodged in or on a standing tree 17 18 Demonstrate knowledge of severing multiple windblown stems in the following situation, working on slopes 18 18 Demonstrate knowledge of severing multiple windblown stems in the following situation, working with a variety of different species, hazardous and/or damaged timber 18 19 Demonstrate knowledge of identifying safety points when planning the branch removal procedure 19 20 Demonstrate knowledge of a plan of operations where machinery is to be used to extract timber as windblown clearance progresses 20 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 14

Diagnostic tools Level of importance ECC 4 (S): Windblown & Damaged Tree Techniques - SIMULATION What the chainsaw operator must be able to do: ( Test-Recommended guide bar size 30-38cm & maximum time allowed 1hr) Pre-requisite: ECC1 LO-1 TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF (PPE) AND OTHERS AROUND YOU AT WORK - Candidate to wear appropriate PPE, sign RA & show ID: 1 1:1 Chainsaw safety trousers 1:1 1:2 Chainsaw safety boots 1:2 1:3 Safety helmet 1:3 1:4 Eye & ear protection 1:4 1:5 Gloves appropriate to task 1:5 1:6 Non-snag outer clothing 1:6 1:7 Personal /Squad First Aid Kit - on work site 1:7 1:8 Whistle/Mobile/Radio 1:8 LO-2 PLANNING THE WORK INCLUDING WHAT TO DO IF THERE IS AN EMERGENCY - Candidate to identify hazards relevant to the site & trees: 2 2:1 Risk Assessment 2:1 2:2 Method statement 2:2 2:3 Emergency planning 2:3 LO-3 OPERATIONAL SAFETY CHECKS - Candidate to check chainsaw for condition/sharpness etc and pre-use safety: 3 3:1 Cold/Warm start method (ground/ leg lock ) 3:1 3:2 Safe start distance from fuel (min.1m or greater according to national guidance) 3:2 3:3 Chain brake tested with saw running 3:3 3:4 Saw checked for oiling (e.g. oil throw test or oil present on drive links) 3:4 3:5 Chain not moving when throttle released (no chain creep) 3:5 3:6 On/off switch is working (pull choke to stop if not, then label not to be used) 3:6 3:7 Chain tension warm re-checked 3:7 LO-4 MEET LEGAL & SITE ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL STANDARDS - Candidate to check specifications: 4 4.1 Protection of fauna, flora, wildlife, waterways, site specifications etc, regards pollution/damage: 4.1 SIMULATE SEVERING TREE ROOT-PLATES BOTH UNDER & OVER GUIDEBAR DIAMETER USING APPROPRIATE CUTS ON TENSIONED LO-5 TIMBER SECTIONS - The candidate must restrain one with a winch (backward or forward weighted) using safe techniques: 5 Candidate to demonstrate appropriate reducing cut and stepped compression and tension cuts - used to sever a minimum of 3 tensioned timber sections: 5:1 Check no risk to the operator from the tensioned timber sections springing (including sideways) 5:1 5:2 Identify tension and compression in timber sections and select severing methods 5:2 5:3 Sever simulated root-plate end of timber section safely from stem under guide-bar length in diameter 5:3 5:4 Sever simulated root-plate end of timber section safely from stem over guide-bar length in diameter 5:4 5:5 Sever simulated root-plate end of timber section safely to retain a saw log of appropriate length 5:5 5:6 Ensure timber sections are left in a safe and appropriate position and condition to enable subsequent operations 5:6 5:7 Restrain a simulated root-plate with a winch using safe anchor point(s) and compatible winching components & ancillary equipment 5:7 5:8 Sever simulated winch-restrained root-plate safely using appropriate cuts (may be achieved as part of 3, 4 or 5 above) 5:8 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 15

5:9 Ensure timber sections and simulated root-plate ends are left safe, in appropriate position & condition 5:9 5:10 Recover, clean and check winch as appropriate 5:10 5:11 Site left safe & tidy 5:11 LO-6 PREPARE THE SITE & SIMULATE FELLING A DAMAGED TREE - The candidate will have to fell a minimum of either a section of timber under severe tension in the felling direction or timber section with a broken top as chosen by the assessor: 6 6:A1 Timber section inspected for signs of rot or decay, loose branches & accurate evaluation of weight distribution and selection of fuel storage 6:A1 6:A2 Correct brashing technique demonstrated: position of the saw in relation to the operator, bar on opposite side of stem or out of line of head/neck and body 6:A2 6:A3 Saw body not used above shoulder height 6:A3 6:A4 Choice of felling direction made 6:A4 6:A5 Escape routes prepared and selected 6:A5 6:A6 Where a winch/mechanical assistance is being used: maintain safe working distances 6:A6 Candidate to cut a sink to determine felling direction, using: 6B:1 Safe stance 6B:1 6B:2 Top sink cut normally between 45-60 6B:2 6B:3 Bottom sink cut as close to ground as practicable 6B:3 6B:4 Cuts 20-30% into stem unless RA dictates otherwise 6B:4 6B:5 Sink cuts to meet accurately 6B:5 6B:6 Sink facing in the chosen direction of fall 6B:6 6B:7 Chain brake as appropriate 6B:7 6B:8 Boring cut made if safe & appropriate into the middle of the sink at appropriate height, depth and width to remove centre of the timber section 6B:8 Candidate to make the main felling cut using: 6C:1 Safe stance 6C:1 6C:2 Buttresses removed or ears cut at appropriate depth and height to avoid tearing as appropriate 6C:2 6C:3 Main felling cut in line with or slightly above level of sink & use of plunge/boring-cuts as appropriate 6C:3 6C:4 Final felling cut from tension side if appropriate 6C:4 6C:5 Safe withdrawal of the saw 6C:5 6C:6 Chain brake as appropriate 6C:6 6C:7 A hinge retained no less than 10% timber diameter at felling height unless the RA dictates otherwise 6C:7 6C:8 Site check for safety before the main felling cut completed & shout verbal warning 6C:8 6C:9 Appropriate aid tools as required to assist felling the timber section 6C:9 6C:10 Use a prepared escape route as soon as the timber section begins to fall, not losing sight of it 6C:10 What the chainsaw operator must know and understand: (Theory Test) 1 Demonstrate knowledge of safety considerations and legal requirements when dealing with individually uprooted windblown trees 1 2 Demonstrate knowledge of safety regarding overhead and underground services when severing root-plates 2 3 Describe the features of tension and compression in the timber to be considered when severing root-plates 3 4 Demonstrate knowledge of when it is appropriate to use aid tools when severing root plates 4 5 Demonstrate knowledge of where winches may also be used when severing root plates 5 6 Demonstrate knowledge of additional safety considerations that may be needed when severing root-plates 6 7 Demonstrate knowledge of other types of uprooted or damaged trees that will require specialist methods 7 8 Demonstrate knowledge of selecting and inspecting winch and ancillary equipment for condition and compatibility 8 9 Demonstrate knowledge of inspection of an uprooted tree, site and winch anchor point(s) and system to be set up 9 10 Demonstrate knowledge of selecting a winch anchor point and suitability of attachments & winch 10 11 Demonstrate knowledge of when offset winching should be used and additional precautions required 11 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 16

12 Demonstrate knowledge of alternative methods of restraining a root-plate 12 13 Demonstrate knowledge of how to sever multiple windblown trees from roots, both under and over guidebar length in diameter 13 14 Demonstrate knowledge of methods of dealing with a trees with side tension 14 15 Demonstrate knowledge of how to fell leaning, half blown trees 15 16 Demonstrate knowledge of safety factors to consider when felling broken trees leaning, half blown trees and hung sections 16 17 Demonstrate knowledge of methods of dealing with a broken tree section lodged in or on a standing tree 17 18 Demonstrate knowledge of severing multiple windblown stems in the following situation, working on slopes 18 18 Demonstrate knowledge of severing multiple windblown stems in the following situation, working with a variety of different species, hazardous and/or damaged timber 18 19 Demonstrate knowledge of identifying safety points when planning the branch removal procedure 19 20 Demonstrate knowledge of a plan of operations where machinery is to be used to extract timber as windblown clearance progresses 20 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 17

ECC 5: Specialist Emergency & Rescue Techniques What the chainsaw operator must be able to do: ( Test-Recommended guide bar size 30-38cm & maximum time allowed?hr) Pre-requisite:? RECOMMENDED FOR DEVELOPMENT IN 2012 A1 Arborists Final version review.3 William Robb Dec 2011 All Rights Reserved Page 18