Question of the day, in your vocabulary notebook, next page Recall the bunny simulations from last week and answer the following questions in your notebook: 1. Did the bunnies exhibit J-curve population growth in any of the scenarios from Wednesday or Thursday? Explain why or why not. 2. Did the bunnies exhibit S-curve population growth in any of the scenarios from Wednesday or Thursday? Explain why or why not.
Feeding Relationships, Food Chains, Food Webs Headings Vocabulary Important Info
1. Autotrophs: Feeding Types a. Self feeders, produce their own food through photosynthesis Transformation of light energy to chemical energy to make food in the form of glucose b. Examples: plants, algae
2. Heterotrophs: a. Depend on other organisms for their food 1. Herbivore: Eats only plants 2. Carnivore: Eats only meat 3. Omnivore: Eats both plants and meat
3. Decomposers: a. Break down and absorb nutrients from dead, decaying organisms b. Examples: mushrooms and bacteria
Work with your group to write 1 question about Feeding Types (level 3 question) Level 3 words include: APPLY BUILD CHOOSE CONSTRUCT DEMONSTRATE DEVELOP DRAW EXPERIMENT ILLUSTRATE PLAN MAKE USE OF MODEL ORGANIZE SELECT SOLVE UTILIZE
Symbiosis a. close, permanent relationship between organisms b. Three major types: 1. Commensalism 2. Mutualism 3. Parasitism 2) Friend alga cell is prepared to greet Mr. Fungus 1) Mr. Fungus is ready to greet our friend the algae 3) The Lichen is created between the fungus and the alga
Feeding Relationships Commensalism: a. A feeding relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is not affected. b. Example: Remoras that live on or around a shark s mouth. *Remora benefits from the scraps of food that fall from the shark s mouth and the shark is not affected.
Mutualism: a. Both organisms benefit from the relationship b. you scratch my back and I scratch yours c. Example: tickbirds eat parasites off of the back of zebras. The tickbirds get fed and the zebra gets cleaned.
Parasitism: a. One organism benefits and the other is harmed b.example: tapeworm living inside an organism s intestine (may cause death) c.example: flea living on a dog
Work with your group to write 2 questions about Feeding Relationships (level 3 question) Level 3 words include: APPLY BUILD CHOOSE CONSTRUCT DEMONSTRATE DEVELOP DRAW EXPERIMENT ILLUSTRATE PLAN MAKE USE OF MODEL ORGANIZE SELECT SOLVE UTILIZE Also write a SUMMARY
Create a WANTED AD Due Wedensday! On a separate sheet of paper, create a Wanted Ad based on commensalism, mutualism, or parasitism Requirements: Written from the point of view of the organism that benefits Include: 1. Catchy Headline describing job 2. A line describing the relationship 3. A line about you and your great qualities 4. A line about the organism you need for the job 5. Why you need this service 6. What you will give in return for their service. Your ad should be colorful and should include pictures.
Sample Ad
In your composition book, draw and fill out this table (on page the next available page) you must look up the items in green: Autotroph Definition (you write this!) The word in another language Root: auto = self troph = food ILLUSTRATE Use in a sentence
Food Chains and Food Webs 1. Food Chain: a. model showing the movement of energy through the ecosystem b. Consists of Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers
Food Chains and Food Webs Producer: living organisms that take non-living matter (like minerals and gases) from the environment and use them to support life (Example: plants). These are the first organisms in the food chain. Consumer: living things that need producers to be their food. EX: (Herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores) Decomposer: living things which feed off of dead plants and animals to reduce their remains to minerals and gases again
Food Chains and Food Webs 2. Food Web: a. More complicated and more realistic than a food chain b. Shows more than one possible food source for each organism c. Steps in food chains or food webs are called trophic levels. d. Producers make up the first trophic level e. Consumers make up second, third, or higher trophic level.
When you read a food chain or food web, the arrows point from what is being eaten to what it is eaten by. Ex.: mouse hawk; the mouse is EATEN BY the hawk Arrows are the Flow of ENERGY
Work with your group to write 3 questions about Food Chains and Food Webs (level 4 question) Level 4 words include: ANALYZE CATEGORIZE CLASSIFY DISCOVER DIVIDE EXAMINE GROUP INSPECT SEQUENCE SIMPLIFY DISTINGUISH DISTINCTION RELATIONSHIPS FUNCTION ASSUME CONCLUDE
Trophic Level: It is the position an organism occupies in a food chain. Each link in the chain represents one trophic level. eagle 5 th trophic level shark snake 4 th trophic level larger fish frog 3 rd trophic level small fish grasshopper 2 nd trophic level zooplankton grass 1 st trophic level phytoplankton
TROPHIC LEVELS eagle snake frog grasshopper grass 0.1 kcal - 0.9 kcal 1 kcal - 9 kcal 10 kcal - 90 kcal 100 kcal - 900 kcal 1000 kcal As organisms eat one another, energy is transferred up the food chain. However, as energy is moved from one trophic level to the next, only 10 % of the energy makes it to the next level. 90 This means that % of the energy is lost, mostly in the form of heat (from metabolic processes like cellular respiration)
ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its energy. This pyramid indicates the amount of energy that is present in each trophic level. The amount of energy always decreases as you move up trophic levels.
from grass to sheep, loss is about 90%! HEAT 90% HEAT 90% 100% Energy Available 10% Original Energy! 1% Original Energy!
Apex Predator: animal with no known natural enemies!
Ecological Pyramid Which level has the most energy? Which level has the most organisms? Which level has the least organisms? Which level has the least energy?
Usually no more than 5 trophic levels since 6th level would have very little energy to keep it alive
Energy Flow and Eating Habits Meat eating (higher on the trophic pyramid) uses more energy than eating veggies 90% of the grain that we grow is used to feed livestock 100 kg of grain can feed: 10 kg of cow and 1 kg of steak eating people 10 kg of grain eating people (10x more)
Work with your group to write 2 questions about Trophic Levels (level 4 question) Level 4 words include: ANALYZE CATEGORIZE CLASSIFY DISCOVER DIVIDE EXAMINE GROUP INSPECT SEQUENCE SIMPLIFY DISTINGUISH DISTINCTION RELATIONSHIPS FUNCTION ASSUME CONCLUDE 1. Answer the review questions 2. Write a summary 3. Complete the trophic level worksheet and turn in by the end of class!
Create a WANTED AD Due Wedensday! On a separate sheet of paper, create a Wanted Ad based on commensalism, mutualism, or parasitism Requirements: Written from the point of view of the organism that benefits Include: 1. Catchy Headline describing job 2. A line describing the relationship 3. A line about you and your great qualities 4. A line about the organism you need for the job 5. Why you need this service 6. What you will give in return for their service. Your ad should be colorful and should include pictures.