The 3rd Generation Biorefinery; Conversion of Residual Lignocellulosic Biomass to Advanced Liquid Biofuels, Biochemicals, Biocoal and Fibres Pasi Rousu; President, Chempolis Asia & Pacific pasi.rousu@chempolis.com; Tel +358 (0)10 387 6666
CONTENT OF THE PRESENTATION Background information about Chempolis Why should non-food raw materials be used? Why should 3G biorefining be selected?
3G formico BIOREFINERIES MAKE SUSTAINABLE RESULTS Environmental sustainability use of residual biomasses preservation of food, forests, water & fossils effluent free and reduction of CO 2 reduction of pollute burning of biomass in fields nutrient circulation as organic fertilizer Social sustainability food for people not for cars local farming and supply of biomass local production and use of products Economical sustainability highly profitable low operating and investment costs many high quality products true 3G platform Social Sustainability Non-wood and Non-Food biomasses raw materials end products Bioethanol, Biochemicals and Paperfibres Environmental Sustainability formico biorefineries formico technologies Economical Sustainability
THE BIOREFINING TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION Chempolis is private independent medium sized company (est. 1995) who supplies sustainable globally patented biorefining technologies, which has been acknowledged by World Bank, DoE, UPM, BASF & many customers formicofib the non-wood fibre technology formicobio the cellulosic ethanol technology
CHEMPOLIS IN BRIEF Chempolis, established in 1995 in Finland, is a technology leader providing innovative and sustainable solutions for the biofuel, alcohol, sugar, palm oil, energy, biomass, paper and (petro)chemical industries. Chempolis mission is to save natural resources, combat climate change and reduce environmental pollution Chempolis core products are formico biorefining technologies, which enable economical, energy-efficient and environmentally sustainable production of advanced non-food biofuels, biochemicals, biocoal and high quality fibres The key features of Chempolis technologies have been recognized and awarded both in Finland and internationally Chempolis third generation formico technologies are now ready to be used in industrial production of cellulosic ethanol, platform chemicals, biocoal and fibres Chempolis owns and operates 3G biorefinery in Finland
CO 2 EMISSION REDUCTIONS VS. VARIOUS BIOETHANOL PROSESSES Cellulosic ethanol can considerably reduce consumption of fossil fuels and CO 2 emissions of traffic Food-based biofuels cannot considerably reduce CO 2 emissions Food crops are wrong raw materials for biofuels and for the replacement of fossils Source: Renewable Fuel Standard Program (RFS2) Regulatory Impact Analysis. United States Environmental Protection Agency
FEEDSTOCKS Sustainable availability in long term perspective Non food residue, which does not compete in land use Need to be secured in low price and large quantity Nutrient circulation Rice and wheat straw, corn stover, EFB, OPF, bagasse are the most potential raw materials and not well utilized However competition with biomass power takes place Lack of power in many countries Switch from fossils to biomass Condensing power??? It is crucial to identify the most sustainable use of biomass in long term perspective
GLOBAL POTENTIAL OF NON-FOOD RAW MATERIALS 100 EJ = 2388 Mtoe Sources: - FAO statistical yearbook - Key World Energy Statistics from the IEA - Berndes et al. Biomass and bioenergy 25(2003):1-28
YIELD OF BIOMASS [BDMt/a] IN SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES Generation of agricultural residues sums up to 1415 BDMt/a. Usage of 30 % of such residues in 3G biorefining would enable bioethanol production of 68 Mt/a in ca. 1360 biorefineries Cereal straw Bagasse EFB China 726 19 - India 371 43 - Indonesia 126 4 10 Malaysia 4-10 Philippiness 33 5 - Thailand 54 10 -
YIELD OF BIOMASS [BDMt/a] IN SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES Biomasses in India: Generation of agricultural residues BDMT/a: 413.3 Straw and bagasse If 27 % of the available residues were used in 3G biorefining it would enable bioethanol production of 18 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 400 biorefineries Replace completely gasoline by ethanol and reduce imports of crude oil by 25% Reduce CO2 emissions by 40 Mt/a Biomasses in China: Generation of agricultural residues BDMT/a: 744.5 Straw and bagasse If 30 % of the available residues were used in 3G biorefining it would enable bioethanol production of 36 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 720 biorefineries Replace 37 % of gasoline by cellulosic ethanol and replace current unprofitable 1G ethanol production Reduce CO2 emissions by 8 Mt/a Biomasses in Thailand: Generation of agricultural residues BDMT/a: 64 Straw and bagasse If 30 % of the available residues were used in 3G biorefining it would enable bioethanol production of 3 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 60 biorefineries Replace 40 % of gasoline by cellulosic ethanol and replace current unprofitable 1G ethanol production Reduce CO2 emissions by 8 Mt/a Biomasses in Philippines: Generation of agricultural residues BDMT/a: 38.3 Straw and bagasse If 30 % of the available residues were used in 3G biorefining it would enable bioethanol production of 1.8 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 36 biorefineries Biomasses in Malaysia: Generation of agricultural residues BDMT/a: 13.9 Straw and EFB If 30 % of the available residues were used in 3G biorefining it would enable bioethanol production of 0.7 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 14 biorefineries Biomasses in Indonesia: Generation of agricultural residues BDMT/a: 140 Straw, EFB and bagasse If 30 % of the available residues were used in 3G biorefining it would enable bioethanol production of 6.7 Mt/a ethanol in ca. 1434 biorefineries
formico - THE TRUE 3G PLATFORM Cellulose Products Paper fibres Paper, board, tissue High value fibres Viscose, CMC, Nano Non-Food and Non-Wood biomass Glucose Ethanol, butanol Lactic acid, succinic acid Hemicelluloses Products Cellulose Hemicellulose Lignin, nutrients Pentose sugars Xylose, arabinose Platform chemicals Acetic acid, furfural Lignin Products 3G formico biorefinery integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fibres, multiple fuels, power, heat and chemicals from biomass 3G formico biorefinery concept is analogous to today's petroleum refinery, which produces multiple fuels and products from petroleum Lignin Polymers, plastics Biocoal Steam, electricity Nutrients Fertilizer
WHY 3G formicobio IS SUPERIOR SOLUTION FOR CELLULOSIC ETHANOL Innovative biosolvent selectively fractionates biomass to its key components:cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and ash Generates 40 % more sales revenues than 2G technologies due to high conversion rates and multi product platform Low pressure and temperature operation Energy self-sufficiency and no need of fossil fuels No pollution; full recovery of chemicals and water 95-98 % removal of lignin and hemicellulose Hydrolysis of clean open structure cellulose fibre to glucose is very easy and less enzymes are needed Fermentation of pure glucose is easy Proven in mill scale in Finland
formicobio TECHNOLOGY Non-food biomass Biosolvent Water formicodeli Washing Hydrolysis Fermentation & distillation Ethanol Evaporation formicopure Water Acetic acid Dry biofuel Furfural Power plant
WHY 3G BIOREFINERY? Global, mandated demand for products of biorefineries, especially advanced biofuels formicobio integrates social, environmental and economic sustainability Approx. +40 % higher sales revenues than in 2G Approx. -15 % lower operation cost than in 2G Outstanding profit and short payback time Proven
EVOLUTION OF BIOREFINING TECHNOLOGIES 2G 3G biomass to bioproducts and biofuels 1G Biomass to ethanol Food for ethanol
SUMMARY formicobio - the 3G biorefining technology is the future but available already today delivering high sustainability High conversion of products give 40 % more revenues than competing technologies Approx 15 % lower operation cost than competing technologies Energy self-sufficient, low carbon technology Effluent free with minimal water use Platform technology Integrates social, environmental and economical sustainability Short payback time
CONCLUSIONS Liquid transportation fuels, especially cellulosic ethanol, are needed to reduce the dependency on fossils Biomass conversion value should be as high as possible Wrong use of biomass should be avoided Food based biofuels are the first step to start, which after biorefineries will take place Cellulosic ethanol demonstration projects should be quickly executed in each country Only first projects need finance, which after business is sustainable! Great interest in Asia!
The future is BIOREFINING Pasi Rousu, President Chempolis Asia & Pacific pasi.rousu@chempolis.com