GREEN BUILDINGS Innovative Urban Solutions Tysons Sustainability Summit 9 th Annual DCS GreenWeek Presented by: Kevin D. Cahill, PE, CPD, LEED AP June 12, 2015
[ LEED 15 NET-ZERO Gold ] in design 129 LEED CERTIFIED ] LEADERS IN SUSTAINABLE DESIGN Commissioning Energy Technology Lighting fire/life safety plumbing electrical mechanical 17 Platinum 71 Gold 29 Silver 12 Certified
Regulations Driving Innovation
EUI by Space Type (Washington DC, 2012) Residential Median:55 Education Median: 65 Office Median:75 Reference: DC Energy Benchmarking
EUI Comparison MEDIAN ASHRAE 90.1-2010 CODE COMPLIANT LEED CERTIFIED HIGH PERFORMANCE ENERGY STAR 100 OFFICE 75 60 54 25 SCHOOLS 60 48 43 23 RESIDENTIAL 55 46 41 25 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 75 30% 60 Median ASHRAE 90.1-2010 Code Compliant 40% 54 LEED Certified 25 High Performance ENERGYSTAR 100
Net-Zero Energy Design Process REDUCTION Highly-Efficient Building Envelope o Enhanced fenestration (Double glass with Low-E coating) o Enhanced roof and wall insulation Highly-Efficient Lighting System o LED lighting o Daylighting o Daylight control sensors o Occupancy sensors Reduction Solar Shading Highly-Efficient HVAC System All EnergyStar equipment Low-Flow Plumbing Fixtures ABSORPTION Geothermal Energy Solar Hot Water Collectors Radiant Slab Heating (for administrative spaces) Radiant Ceiling (for administrative spaces) Generation Absorption GENERATION Photovoltaic System Microturbines Reclamation RECLAMATION Dedicated Outside Air System with Energy Recovery Rainwater and Condensate Water Recovery (Cistern-used for Flushing and Irrigation) Building Sustainable Materials
[ LEED Gold ] Pathway to Net-Zero Energy Elementary School, VA Total Energy Consumption (kbtu) 6,000,000 5,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 - Baseline (existing envelope + ASHRAE 90.1 Standard settings) Enhanced Roof Insulation (R- 25) REDUCTION Highperformance Glazing (above code) Reduce LPD (30% Reduced) Daylight Controls VRF System (Air-cooled) ABSORPTION EUI (kbtu/sf/yr) 60 49 48.7 45 43 29 20 0 Ground Source HP Total Energy Consumption (kbtu) 5,203,981 4287716.45 4229006.53 3,918,808 3,749,830 2,557,066 1,734,660 - ON-SITE SOLAR NET ZERO ENERGY 100% 82% 81% 75% 72% 49% 33% 0% Solar PV
1.0 Space Optimization Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) Capacity Compressors: 6-30 tons (without heat recovery)* Fan Coil Units: 0.5 8 tons* Operation as low as 4% of maximum capacity Sized up to 150% of heat pump capacity Efficiency IEER ratings: 17 20** 25% greater efficiency*** See graph Cost Space Reduced space requirement Eliminates need for mechanical room Zones Ability to service multiple zones
Comparison of Capacities VRF Split System WSHP
Typical Interior Layout Isometric View Plan View Notes: 1. Washer/Dryer is modeled as 24 W x 28 L x 71 ¾ H per 1.5 ft 3 washer and 3.4 ft 3 dryer model. 2. Vertical Fan Coil Unit as modeled can be 2 ton through 4.5 ton. 3. Water heater is an 30-gal A.O. Smith lowboy - side connect model (22 ø x 30 H) with increased recovery(6kw v 4.5kW) for 2-bed/2-bath units. 4. 28 door is modeled. 5. 5 clearance provided between washer/dryer and washer box to allow for connections to be made. 6. 5 clearance provided behind washer/dryer for dryer vent connection. 7. 6 clearance provided to the sides of the vertical fan coil unit. 12 clearance provided at the front of the unit for hard connections.
Alternate Interior Layout 1 Isometric View Plan View Notes: 1. Washer/Dryer is modeled as 24 W x 28 L x 71 ¾ H per 1.5 ft 3 washer and 3.4 ft 3 dryer model. 2. Ceiling Mounted Unit as modeled can be 1.5 ton through 2.5 ton. 3. Water heater is a surface-mounted 38kW tankless model 4. 30 door is modeled. 5. Room size is dictated by ceiling mounted unit. 6. 8 minimum clearance between ceiling mounted unit and wall provided for hard connections to the unit. 18 clearance needed for maintenance, an access panel or other means will be needed to provide proper clearance. 7. 4 clearance provided between washer/dryer and water heaterto allow for connections to be made.
Systems Comparison Split System Multi-Family Residential Building Rooftop Plan
Systems Comparison VRF Multi-Family Residential Building Rooftop Plan
Hydro Phyto-Remediation Walls (Hy-Phy) Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack, NJ
Active Living Wall How it Works f e d i h A: BASIN B: PUMP C: TBS SUPPORT g D: PLANTS E: AIR DRAW F: HVAC CONNECTION G: DIFFUSORS H: MOUNTING OPTIONS I: CLEAN AIR a c b
Local Air Quality Tysons Corner Source: www.city-data.com
Removal of Contaminant Through Biofilter Nedlaw Living Wall Biofilter removes a broad range of commonly occurring contaminants with a single pass.
Active Living Wall Operation Summer Winter
Active Living Wall Residential Tower Tysons Corner, VA
Pathway to Net-Zero Water
Pathway to Net-Zero Water
WATER SAVING uses
WATER SAVING rainwater
WATER SAVING greywater
WATER SAVING blackwater
Net Zero Water road map
Edith Green Wendell Wyatt Federal Building» Portland, Oregon» SERA Architects» 437,000 sf / 18 stories» offices» LEED Platinum goal
Annual Water Use rainwater at work Edith Green Wendell Wyatt Federal Building
Water Strategies rainwater at work Edith Green Wendell Wyatt Federal Building Gutter on PV array 60% Potable Water Use Reduction Low-flow fixtures Rainwater collection & reuse Stormwater controls Cooling tower water supply 170,000 gal cistern (repurposed rifle range) Planter drains Rainwater for toilet /urinal flushing Irrigation Overflow to cistern Overflow to storm drain in case of emergency Overflow to storm drain
Water Use Reduction rainwater at work Edith Green Wendell Wyatt Federal Building Water Usage Base Case ARRA Goal = 20% Indoor Reduction 50% Outdoor Reduction Low Flow Fixtures Proposed Water Use Reduction + Rainwater Collection Proposed Water Use Reduction * Graphic combines both Indoor and Outdoor potable use
OREGON SUSTAINABILITY CENTER» 130,000 sf» offices / higher education /mixed use» 7 stories
Oregon FOCUS Sustainability AREA Center WATER
Oregon FOCUS Sustainability AREA Center WATER
Oregon FOCUS Sustainability AREA Center WATER
Oregon FOCUS Sustainability AREA Center WATER
Oregon FOCUS Sustainability AREA Center WATER
Oregon FOCUS Sustainability AREA Center WATER
Oregon FOCUS Sustainability AREA Center WATER
Water Use Reduction Oregon Sustainability Center Water Usage Base Case Low Flow Fixtures Black & Greywater Recycling + Rainwater Collection Proposed Water Use Reduction Proposed Water Use Reduction Proposed Water Use Reduction
Wastewater
Wastewater Heat Recovery Drainwater Heat Recovery Principle of a wastewater heat recovery system
Wastewater Heat Recovery General Wastewater Heat Recovery Configuration Principle of a wastewater heat recovery system
Wastewater Heat Recovery Systems 1. SHARC SYSTEM Main components of the system: Solid- Liquid Separator (macerator) Heat Exchanger Heat Pump (optional) Design Options: Condensate Water (geothermal water) Heating/Cooling (with Heat Pump) Domestic Hot Water SHARC Sewage Unit- SHARC System
Wastewater Heat Recovery Systems 2. RABTHERM Heat exchangers are integrated to the sewer Heat pumps increases water s temperature to 150 F for space heating and domestic hot water. RABTHERM Heat Exchangers RABTHERM System Schematic Diagram
Geothermal Tunnel Heat Recovery Turning tunnels into sources of renewable energy: Heating of a building with geothermal tunnel energy. Absorber pipes attached to reinforcement cages (Photo: Herrenknecht Formwork, 2014) Box-out section for connection of absorber pipes. (Photo: Herrenknecht Formwork, 2014)
Wastewater Heat Recovery Example False Creek Neighborhood Energy Utility - Vancouver Low-carbon district heating system that recovers waste heat from the City of Vancouver s (CoV) wastewater system Supply heat energy for space heating and hot water to mixed-use buildings in the community. SEFC Development Boundary, BC, Canada False Creek Energy Center, integrated with a sewage pumping station, recovers heat from untreated urban wastewater. Heat pumps are used to transfer the energy to a hot water distribution system.