Manure Application Setback Comparisons in the EPA Region 7: The National Setbacks Database

Manure Application Setback Comparisons in the EPA Region 7: The National Setbacks Database

Manure Application Setbacks: What do We Mean? Defined as the distance from the identified sensitive area where manure application is not allowed.

Mapping Setback Features

Application Setbacks: Where are they defined? Federal CAFO rule. State regulatory agencies. State animal feeding operation regulations. Well head protection regulations. State NRCS standards (typically Nutrient Management or Waste Utilization standards). County ordinances.

Missouri s National Setbacks Database Goal: One-stop resource for setback requirements. Planners need to know relevant restrictions in each state. Integrated into software. Purdue s Manure Management Planner. Missouri s NMTracker web-based farm mapping program. Supported by: University of Missouri Extension and Natural Resource Conservation Service

Factors affecting Setback Distances State. Method of application. Agency/authority. Placement of manure. Setback feature. Time to incorporation. Resource sensitivity. Time of year. Operation type. Slope. Operation size. Ground cover in setback. Animal type. Ground cover in field. Storage type. Soil test phosphorus Manure form. Presence of snow and/or ice.

Features Requiring a Setback in at Least One State Public drinking water well Public drinking water lake/impoundment Public drinking water intake structure. Agricultural well Plugged well Abandon well Other wells Cistern Open tile/drainage inlet Plugged tile/drainage inlet Agricultural drainage well Developed spring Undeveloped spring Intermittent stream/arroyo Perennial stream River/waterway/canal Drainage ditch Roadside ditch Grassed waterway centerline Sinkhole Losing stream Cave Mine or quarry Other surface-groundwater connection Rock outcrop Lake Water impoundment Private impoundment, no outlet Agricultural drinking water lake/impoundment Water/sediment control basin Designated wetland Other wetland Ocean Estuary Public road Property boundary Residence (owned) Residence (non-owned) Business (owned) Business (non-owned) Public use area Pubic use facility Incorporated area

Manure Application Setbacks: Where is the Water? River/Waterway/Canal

Manure Application Setbacks: Where is the Water?

Manure Application Setbacks: Where is the Water? 1:24,000 topo map blue-line streams

Manure Application Setbacks: Where is the Water? Intermittent stream Grassed waterway Concentrated flow Intermittent stream?

National Setbacks Database: http://nmplanner.missouri.edu/

National Setbacks Database: http://nmplanner.missouri.edu/

National Setbacks Database: http://nmplanner.missouri.edu/

National Setbacks Database: http://nmplanner.missouri.edu/ Iowa: Last checked 9/2012

National Setbacks Database Iowa: Last checked 9/2012

Iowa: Last checked 9/2012

National Setbacks Database: Critical Challenges Have we found all sources of manure application setback requirements in your state? Have we correctly interpreted those requirements? Maintaining setbacks database. When have regulations of standards changed?

Varied approach through the region State SD MN WI NE IA IL KS MO Operation Types CAFO CAFO AFO CAFO Large CAFO Small or Medium CAFO or AFO Confined Feeding Operation Open Feedlot Feeding Operation Small Confined Feeding Operation CAFO AFO CAFO Swine CAFO CAFO

Set Back Distance (range, feet) Perennial Stream/Lake 2200 2000 High 1800 Low 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 IA IL KS MN MO NE SD WI Choices 5 4 3 5 6 3 2 20

Set Back Distance (range, feet) Drinking Water Well 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 IA IL KS MN MO NE SD WI Choices 4 1 3 1 1 3 3 1

Factors Affecting Setback Distances State Permit Type Vegetation in setback Vegetation in field Application down-slope Method of Application Type of animal Form of manure Type of storage Soil test phosphorus MO All Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes IA CFO Yes No No Yes No Yes No No Yes Sensitive water resource Small CFO Yes No No Yes No No No No Yes KS All Yes No Yes No Yes No No No No NE Large CAFO Yes No Yes No No No No No No Small or Med CAFO; AFO No No No No No No No No No SD CAFO Yes No No No No No No Yes No WI All Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No No Yes

Other Restrictions Affecting Setback Distances Permit State Designation Applications, frozen and/or snow-covered ground Slope prohibition MO All Surface application prohibited Prohibited, slope >20% IA CFO, Small CFO No application of liquid manure 12/21-4/1 for snow-covered ground and 2/1-4/1 for frozen ground. Only applies to operations required to have a manure management plan. Limited on ground with >10% slope. Injection preferred on these slopes. Only applies to operations required to have a manure management plan. KS All Liquid applications prohibited None, must meet P Index NE CAFO, AFO None None SD CAFO Application of liquid manure prohibited; application of solid manure to be avoided, setback must be 100 feet. Irrigation prohibited, slope >6% Winter application, prohibited slope >4% WI Large Dairy and Large CAFO Small CAFO <12% solids, surface application prohibited. > 12% solids, surface applications prohibited in 2/1 to 3/31 Extensive rules in this area. <12% solids, surface application prohibited. Slope >9%, solid manure > 12% solids, surface applications prohibited in 2/1 to 3/31.

Non-Water Features with Setbacks State SD MN WI NE IA IL KS MO Non-water Features None None Inhabited Dwelling None Non-owned Residence Business, Church, School Other public use area Property Boundary Residence, Not Part of the Facility None Non-owned Occupied Residence Public Use Areas Public Road Property Boundary

Set Back Distance (range, feet) Non-Owned Inhabited Structure 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 IA IL KS MN MO NE SD WI Choices 2 2 0 0 2 0 0 2

How you can help If you see mistakes please contact us. John Lory. LoryJ@missouri.edu Chris Gross. chris.gross@wdc.usda.gov If your state has made changes please contact us. John Lory. LoryJ@missouri.edu Chris Gross. chris.gross@wdc.usda.gov Food for thought. Can we get regional recommendations? Why does operation size affect setback requirements? Simplify means: simple to find simple to understand simple to implement.

Questions?