Satellite based inland and coastal water quality monitoring Harmonized transnational, long-term and near-real time space based solutions. Thomas Heege CEO EOMAP Germany Earth Observation & Mapping
Inland and coastal water monitoring Monitoring services Applications Water quality monitoring Oil- and gas industry Dredging Turbidity monitoring Offshore construction impact monitoring Water depth mapping Water ways Pipeline routing Sea floor monitoring Biodiversity baseline
Outline Space based monitoring of water quality and bathymetry 1. Use cases 2. Technology background 3. Geo-spatial infrastructure 4. Benefits
1. Introduction Satellite based inland and coastal water quality monitoring Relevant questions where EO solutions contribute to clients issues Solving issues of economical and social impact Impact of industry, agriculture, and people on water quality Topics: Water way and offshore construction, dams, EO tools: Environmental baseline, change and impact monitoring
Dredge plume monitoring e.g. for Woodside Energy, Australia: http://earth.eo.esa.int/workshops/gasoil2010/hausknecht.pdf www.eomap.com/owiki-monitoringdredgingplumesandwaterquality-180811-0823-14-2.pdf Cost savings for Woodside Energy: 1 000 000 AUD
Damns: Quantification of the impact Example Mekong: transnational river system Requirement on harmonized long-term monitoring of International river commissions governmental authorities, insurers
Damns: Quantification of the impact Example Mekong: transnational river system Requirement on harmonized long-term monitoring of International river commissions governmental authorities, insurers Landsat 7 ETM+ (30m resolution) Location of Xiaowan Dam Location of Manwan Dam Situation before after closure 2009-January-09 2009-Dec-27 2009-Nov-25 2009-Nov-11 2009-Feb-10 2009-Jan-09
Damns: Quantification of the impact Xiaowan dam
River systems: water way construction Various user friendly formats for data visualization River Elbe, river ems: > 100 Mio /Y dredging costs BAW, BFG Germany River Elbe, Rapideye, 2. June 2011, 11:39 UTC Suspended matter [mg/l] - 1-6 - 24-58 - 125-358 - 712 Land Cloud
River systems: water way construction River Elbe, river ems: > 100 Mio /Y dredging costs BAW, BFG Germany River Ems, Rapideye Suspended matter [mg/l] - 1-6 - 24-58 - 125-358 - 712 Land Cloud
European Freshwater Monitoring: GMES FRESHMON EOMAP is the leading coordinator 18.April 2011
European Freshwater Monitoring: GMES FRESHMON Validation Lake Constance Total Suspended matter
European Freshwater Monitoring: GMES FRESHMON Validation Lake Constance Total Suspended matter
Turbidity [NTU] Multi-sensor water quality monitoring MODIS 500 250m, Landsat, Rapideye, THEOS,.. Turbidity monitoring - Can Tho 100 10 In-situ data (GFZ) Satellite derived data MODIS monthly mean 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Slide 14
Multi-sensor water quality monitoring MODIS 500 250m, Landsat, Rapideye, THEOS,.. Slide 15
Client and user comments from authorities The EOMAP satellite turbidity products enable a harmonized and objective measure on various temporal and spatial scales of the federal river system beyond the in situ measurement systems capabilities Understanding the transport processes of suspended sediments in waterways is essential to reduce river engineering expenses such as dredging. As the federal authority BAW is responsible for the German waterways,
Core Technology: EOMAP MIP System Processing Water Quality and Water Depth Product generation workflow Input satellite radiance image L Atmosphere vertical profiles of optical properties Land-water-cloud detection Adjacency correction Sunglitter correction Radiative transfer database Global and regional land-water database Sensor sensor parameters Atmospheric correction coupled with retrieval of water constituents Optical models specific opt. properties of water, sea floor, land subsurface reflectance R Water column inversion coupled retrieval water constituents: Suspended matter S Phytoplankton (CHL-a) P Yellow Substances Y Output Water depth z Sea floor albedo
EOMAP Processing System EWS EOMAP Workflow System EWS Orchestration of fully operational processing chains on top of ground segments Off-the-shell production Near-real-time production Solutions to orchestrate national / trans-national monitoring solutions
Applicable sensors and resolutions Sensors applicable for EOMAP Bathymetry and EOMAP Water Quality Low resolution 0,25 1 km MERIS, MODIS, Sentinel 3, up to 3 times daily Medium resolution 15 30m Landsat 7/8, Sentinel 2, THEOS, 2-4 / month High resolution 2 5m WorldView-2, Rapideye, Tasking & Archive
EOMAP Water Quality products Charateristics of water quality products PRODUCTS: Turbidity [NTU] or [FTU] Total Suspended Matter [mg/l] Total Organic Absorption [1/m] Chlorophyll [µg/l] Dissolved organic components absorption [1/m] QUALITY CONTROL: Pixel wise quality indicators Quality summary in meta data DELIVERY FORMAT: GeoTIFF 32/8, ASCII, NETDCF Cartography, optional.kmz (Google),.shp (GIS) INSPIRE / OGC conform meta data
EOMAP service infrastructure Satellite sensors Ground stations EOMAP VA processors EOMAP Web Shop EOMAP Marketing Partner and Client Groups Asia Pacific
EOMAP Bathymetry Products and Services
EOMAP Seabed Classification Qatar, World-View 2
APPS4GMES: Access via mobile applications Near real time water quality services on mobile phones Solutions for many end users: Tourists, divers, aqua culture farmers, fishery, coast guard, offshore companies,.. Standard app s with cost effective adaptation to serve many user groups
Benefits Space based monitoring of water quality and bathymetry Near real time, long-term for decades back Multi-scale and area wide: transnational, intercontinental Harmonized, transferable, comparable and valid measure Independent and objective, repeatable measure Long-term reliability: Independent on single sensor systems Cost-effective Safety, accessibility, no risks at data take Integratable with in situ data and models to enable 4d-monitoring
Outlook Space based monitoring of water quality and bathymetry High resolution and multi-temporal water quality - worldwide Multi-temporal bathymetry worldwide
Outlook: Product aggregation Space based monitoring of water quality and bathymetry High resolution and multi-temporal water quality - worldwide Multi-temporal bathymetry worldwide
THANK YOU EOMAP
Product examples 05 October 2010, MODIS Aqua 500m, West Australia
Phytoplankton and Chlorophyll a 05 October 2010, MODIS Aqua 500m, West Australia Chlorophyll [µg/l] - 0.1-1 - 10-100 - 10 3-10 4 Land Cloud
Turbidity and Suspended Matter 05 October 2010, MODIS Aqua 500m, West Australia Turbidity [NTU] - 0.1-0.3-1. - 3. - 10. - 30. - 100. Land Cloud
Aerosol optical depth 05 October 2010, MODIS Aqua 500m, West Australia Aerosol AOD 440nm - 0.01-0.1-0.2-0.3-0.4-0.5 Land Cloud
Requirements Atmospheric conditions WV-2 Rottnest Island, Australia
Requirements Atmospheric conditions WV-2 Rottnest Island, Australia > Subsurface reflectance RGB, channel 4,3,2
Requirements Atmospheric conditions WV-2 Rottnest Island, Australia
Turbidity Monitoring Long-Term change in the Mekong Delta Current situation 2013-Jan-20
Multi-sensor water quality monitoring MODIS 500 250m, Landsat, Rapideye, THEOS,..
Comparison to NASA processor - PHY NASA 2011/08/19 MIP Chlorophyll [µg/l] - 0.1-0.3-1. - 3. - 10. - 30. - 100. Land Cloud NASA concentrations are higher in shallow waters but lower in deep waters compared to MIP MIPs filter algorithms seem more flexible to MODIS sensor failures Near-coastal areas are sometimes processed by MIP but not by NASA
Spatial and temporal analysis - FLH 2011/07/11 2011/08/12 FLH seems suitable to indicate HAB occurrence. Limiting factors of this method: Weak spectral signal at the required MODIS wavelength Other environmental signals influence FLH increases Max. spatial resolution of 1000 m
TSM [mg/l] Temporal resolution of multiple satellite sensors MODIS Aqua, Terra, MERIS 3,5 3,0 2,5 2011 Lake Constance Central station FU MERIS satellite MODIS Terra and Aqua satellite 2,0 1,5 1,0 0,5 0,0 Jan Feb Mrz Apr Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez Month
Validation Lake Walchensee Bavaria
European Freshwater Monitoring: GMES FRESHMON Validation Lake Zurich Chlorophyll-a
Multi-sensor water quality monitoring Contracts by water authorities Germany 27. Juni 2010 River Elbe / Germany Suspended matter monitoring 09:55 11:30 11:40 13:20 UTC Satellite sensors: MODIS Terra, Aqua MERIS, RapidEye Suspended matter [mg/l] - 1-6 - 24-58 - 125-358 - 712 RapidEye 5m Land Cloud Reference coordinate system: Projection: UTM Zone 32 N
Satellite based inland and coastal water quality monitoring Harmonized transnational, long-term and near-real time space based solutions. Thomas Heege EOMAP / Germany Earth Observation & Mapping