RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS in Rabi 2014-15 & FUTURE RESEARCH PRIORITIES Associate Director (Research) CSK HP Krishi Vishvavidyalaya Palampur 176062 (H.P.)
Monthly rainfall during Rabi 2014-15 as compared to Rabi 2013-14 in Himachal Pradesh Month Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Seasonal total Actual (mm) 2014-15 18.1 3.9 51.2 68.4 145.0 189.4 68.2 33.4 569.5 2013-14 20.4 15.8 25.4 66.3 117.2 118.0 248.9 66.7 678.7 Normal (mm) 40.6 19.2 42.9 92.5 92.5 104.8 59.1 61.4 451.6 Departure (%) 2014-15 2013-14 -55-80 19-26 57 81 15-46 26-50 -18-41 -28 27 13 10 9 32
Research Programme Areas Crop Improvement Crop Production Crop Protection Hill Farm Mechanization Future Thrust Areas Natural Farming & Organic Farming Agro-techniques for Protected Cultivation Soil Health Rainfed Agriculture 4
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
CROP IMPROVEMENT Release Proposal :Wheat Variety HPW 360 (Palam Gehun 1) HPW 349 Early sown rainfed conditions of HP
Status of Yellow Rust Resistant Wheat varieties Early sown Timely sown Late sown Foot Hills (Plain zone) HPW 360 HPW 368 VL 892 DPW 621-50 HS 542 HPW 349 HS 490 HD 2967 VL 829 HPW 249 WH 1080 HS 375 HPW 236 Himpratham HPW 155 Sapthdhara HPW 147 HS 507 VL 907
Release Proposal :Wheat Variety HPW 360 (Palam Gehun 1) HPW 360 (Palam Gehun-1) HPW 368 (Palam Gehun-2) Early sown rainfed conditions HPW 349 Early sown rainfed conditions of HP Timely sown rainfed/ir conditions Yellow Rust Resistant Varieties of Wheat
VARIETIES IN PIPE LINE Crops Line Time of sowing Irrigated/ Rainfed/ others Yield potential (q/ha) Status Wheat HPW 413 Early sown Rainfed 36.0 AVT HS 583 Linseed KL-257 Timely sown HPW 422 Late sown Irrigated 48.0 AVT Restricted Irrigation Uttera method 41.0 AVT 9.0 AVT KL-263 Prepared bed 14.6 AVT Oat PLP-14 Irrigated 350.0 IVT
Entries Makhan Grass (UPL Advanta Pvt. Ltd.) Performance of Rye Grass 3 locations (Palampur, Bajaura & Akrot) Green fodder Yield (q/ha) Dry Matter Yield (q/ha) Crude Protein Content (%) 532.48 103.84 8.40 Palam Rye Grass 1 491.62 108.70 8.82 Punjab Rye Grass -1 (C ) 387.55 92.92 10.08
Varieties Identified for Recommendation from SVRC/CVRC* Crop Wheat Variety HPW 360 (Palam Gehun-1) HPW 368 (Palam Gehun-2) Gram DKG 986 (Palam Chana 1) Gobhi Sarson GSC 7 Tall Fescue Grass* Hima-14
Seed Production
Quality Seed Production (All major Cereals, Pulses, Vegetables, Fodder Crops (2014-15) Type of Seed Quantity (q) Nucleus 12.76 Breeder 472.20 Foundation 483.17
Breeder and Foundation seed of different crops produced in Rabi 2014-15 S. No. Crop Breeder seed (q) Foundation seed (q) 1. Wheat 428.93 458.00 2. Barley 7.65 2.50 3. Pulses 7.27 6.48 4. Oilseeds 6.32 5.90 5. Fodders 20.00-6. Vegetables 2.03 10.29 Total 472.20 483.17 2,39,200 Tall fescue grass root slips were supplied
CROP PRODUCTION
Soil Testing Block level Soil Fertility Maps have been developed for all the districts of the State 17134 soil samples across the state analysed revealed: 43.9 percent samples had ph below 6.5 (acidic) and 47.8 percent were neutral in reaction (ph 6.5-7.5) Organic carbon was low in 10.6 percent samples while, 34.6 and 54.8 percent samples were medium and high, respectively. Percent deficient samples in available N, P and K were 38.2, 11.8 and 6.1, respectively DTPA extractable Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu were found deficient in 7.8, 1.5, 0.2 and 1.2% samples, respectively
Long Term Fertiliser Experiment Exclusion of potassium and sulphur in plant nutrition resulted in a drastic reduction in crop yields as compared to balanced application of nutrients. The grain yield of wheat without sulphur application during 1980-81 was 19.7 q/ha which has decreased to 11.9 q/ha during 2014-15. However, 100% NPK is being applied. Declining trends in yield of maize and wheat crops with higher application of chemical fertilizers (150% NPK).The grain yield of wheat during 1972-73 was 47.0 q/ha which declined to 16.8 q/ha during 2014-15.
Identification of Need Based Cropping Systems (2014-15) Crop sequence Yield main product (q/ha) Rice equivalent yield (REY) (q/ha) Kharif Inter crop Rabi (I) Rabi (II) Rice- Wheat 44.51 14.68 62.12 Rice - Pea-summer Squash 40.72 34.09 52.08 160.98 Okra- Radish Onion 17.05 28.41 86.17 191.76 Turmeric Peas Summer Squash 23.67 39.77 47.35 186.08 Rice- Lettuce - Potato Rice Palak Cucumber Rice Broccolli Radish Colocasia Peas + Coriander LSD (P=0.05) 44.51 9.47 46.4 100.38 38.83 11.36 113.64 163.83 35.04 25.8 21.78 108.43 42.61 5.97 23.34 137.88 32.11
CROP PROTECTION
YELLOW RUST MANAGEMENT IN WHEAT Four Point Strategy (Joint Venture of University & Department of Agriculture) Yellow rust resistant varieties Awareness: Preparation of Pamphlets Survey & Surveillance Chemical control
New fungicides for the control of yellow rust of wheat Treatments Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC Dosage (gm or ml/l) Rust Severity (%) Per cent Disease Control Yield (q/ha) 1.0 8.6 (17.1) 90.5 37.3 1.5 6.3 (14.5) 93.0 45.1 2.0 4.7 (12.5) 94.7 47.5 CAVIET 1.0 10.0 (18.5) 88.9 44.9 CAVIET 1.5 7.1 (15.5) 92.1 46.6 CAVIET 2.0 4.2 (11.8) 95.3 47.4 Propiconazole 25% 1.0 9.7 (18.2) 88.3 37.3 EC Control - 90.2 (71.8) - 24.1 CD - 1.5-3.1
Loss Assessment in Wheat by Aphids The avoidable losses in grain yield of wheat is a function of population density. At Palampur, losses to the extent of 28.64 per cent have been established.
Evaluation of Biopesticides for the Management of Mustard Aphid Azadirachtin (0.00045%) and Melia (0.03%) were found most promising against mustard aphid and resulted in 89.1 and 88.1 per cent reduction in population, respectively, after 7 days of application on mustard crop. Mustard aphid
Evaluation of Herbicides in Crops Application of imazethapyre @ 80g/ha in garden pea as post emergence (2-3 leaf stage of the weed) gave effective control of weeds and gave 61.3 q/ha pod yield as compared to two hand weeding and weedy (57.3 and 10.2 q/ha), respectively. Application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha in linseed, as pre-emergence and clodinofop propargyl 60 g/ha as post emergence were found to be most effective herbicides.
Monitoring of Herbicide Resistance No herbicide resistance in weeds of dominant cropping system was noticed in low and mid hill regions in wheat, maize and rice.
Herbicide Residues in Crops Cropping System : Transplanted Rice - Wheat Crop: Rice Herbicide : Butachlor Residue : Soil (ppm) :BDL Grain (ppm) : BDL Rice straw (ppm) : BDL Crop: Wheat Herbicide : Isoproturon Residue : Soil (ppm) : BDL Grain (ppm) : BDL Wheat straw (ppm) :BDL BDL: Below detectable limit Detectable limit = (0.001 ppm) (GC technique)
VEGETABLE CROPS
Vegetable Grafting Grafted Tomato Grafted Capsicum
Polyhouse technology perfected for high value crop cultivation Technologies for Protected Cultivation
Designs of Polyhouses for Zone- IV for areas experiencing heavy snow GI Wire meshed inner support net
Production technology evolved for Tomato Capsicum Cucumber Capsicum Tomato Cucumber
Organic Crop Production
MAIN FOCUS (low volume high value crops) and veget Effective utilization of rainfed areas
INFORMATION GENERATED Ad-hoc guidelines for Cultivation of important crops of mid Himalayas under organic farming conditions. Enriched
Input Responsive Genotype Identified Crop Genotype Seed Yield (q/ha) Gram DKG 18-II 10.29 Check HC-II 9.70 Lentil HPLO-2 11.11 DKL-61 10.19 Check Vipasha 8.88 Nutrient In Management onion-soybean cropping system application of liquid manure Himsol produced significantly higher total onion equivalent yield (82.56 q/ha) as compared to the control (62.59 q/ha). Application of vermi-compost @ 7.5 t/ha + seed treatment with Jeevamrit + 3 sprays of vermiwash is the most economical treatments for nutrient management in garden pea.
Crop Gram Potato Pea Insect pest/ disease Management of Insect pest and diseases Gram pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) Gram root rot/wilt complex Early blight of potato Pea Leaf Miner insect NPV = Nuclear polyhydrosis Management NPV heli @ 3 ml/lt just before the flower initiation stage of crop Yield (q/ha) Severity (%) 17.28 10.50 Panchgavya @ 10% 13.58 10.78 Control 8.64 34.93 Seed treatment with Trichoderma (5g/kg) 16.96 10.30 Spray of Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) @ 5% 14.64 15.60 Control 9.16 46.30 Trichoderma harzianum (5g/kg) and spray with Tamarlassi (5%) 129.63 22.00 Panchgavya (10%) 114.81 25.50 Control 66.67 44.60 Agneyastra (5%) 93.83 40.07 Neem oil (5ml/l) 79.01 45.39
Crop production under Organic Farming Potato Garden pea Onion Lentil Gram Onion
organic crop of Garlic (Var. GHC-1) Training for preparation of different composts
FARM MECHANIZATION Seeder and seed cum ferti drill in operation The effective field capacity of Seeder and seed cum ferti drill was observed almost same i.e. 0.11 ha/h at a forward speed of 2.4 km/h with field efficiency of
On Going Research Projects S. No. Particulars No. of Projects ICAR Funded Projects Budget Outlay (in lakhs) 1. AICRPs 37 1494.18 2. Adhoc Projects 13 961.45 DBT Funded Project 7 237.23 DST Funded Projects 5 103.48 UGC funded projects 7 79.86 Miscellaneous Adhoc Projects 49 919.76 RKVY Projects 10 551.37 Total 128 4347.33
THANKS