CAPACITY BUILDING WORKSHOP ON LOW CARBON DEVELOPMENT AND NATIONALLY APPROPRIATE MITIGATION ACTION Hai Phong, 13 15 May 2013 POTENTIAL AND EFFORTS ON NAMA DEVELOPMENT IN VIET NAM HOANG MANH HOA Director of Climate Change Division, Department of Meteorology Hydrology and Climate Change, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
CONTENTS I. Background, current situation on developing and implementing NAMA in Viet Nam; II. Efforts for developing NAMA in Viet Nam; III. Coming activities; IV. Comment and suggestion
Background, current situation on developing and implementing NAMA in Viet Nam
A. National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (GHG) for Viet Nam National Communications to UNFCCC Year 1994 2000 Emission source Emission Percentage Emission Percentage (tonnes CO 2 e) (%) (tonnes CO 2 e) (%) Energy 25,637.09 24.7 52,773.46 35.0 Industrial proccesses 3,807.19 3.7 10,005.72 6.6 Agriculture 52,450.00 50.5 65,090.65 43.1 Land use, Land-use change and forestry 19,380.00 18.6 15,104.72 10.0 Waste 2,565.02 2.5 7,925.18 5.3 Total 103,839.30 100 150,899.73 100 Identified 3 main emission source: Agriculture sector (43.1%), Energy sector (included transportation) (35%) and Land use, Land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector: (10%). GHG emissions by sector in 2000 in CO 2 e Develop GHG mitigation options in these sectors
B. Mitigation targets Mitigation targets in Plan of GHG emission management; management of carbon trading activities to the world market Prime Minister approved Decision No. 1775/QĐ-TTg 21 November 2012 on Plan of GHG emission management; management of carbon trading activities to the world market Contents and missions on mitigation management: - National GHG inventory for base year 2005 and development of the emission scenarios; - To implement the target of emission reduction and increase the greenhouse gas removal by 2020: - To assess technology needs, disseminate and apply potential mitigation technologies which reduce emissions and increase the capability of GHG removal in Vietnam; - To develop the framework of Vietnam s NAMA Program, to register and implement NAMA activities; - To establish the measuring, reporting and verifying system (MRV); -Information and communication.
C. Orientation on mitigation in strategies 1- Viet Nam Green Growth Strategy Promulgated under the Decision No. 1393/QĐ-TTg dated 25 September 2012. Overal object: The Green Growth Strategy in Vietnam will become the mainstream of sustainable economic development & strengthen social economic development. Specific objects: - Restructure the economy and increase competiveness through efficient use of resources and address environmental degradation; - Assess and promote the use of high technology development to increase efficiency in natural resource use, reduce GHG intensity of the economy and respond to climate change; - Improve the quality through green employment, sustainable lifestyles, green infrastructure/building and restored natural capital.
C. Orientation on mitigation in strategies Targets 2020 2030 2050 GDP per capita doubled compared to 2010; Reduced energy consumption per GDP by 1.5 to 2% per year; Establish modern economic structures; Reduce intensity of GHG emissions by 8-10%; Improve the efficiency of using natural resources; Address environmental degradation; Gradually creating the conditions to switch to a green economy and develop a sustainable developing and stable country. Reduce total GHG emissions at least 2% per year; Addressed environmental degradation and improved natural capital while improved basic standards for clean and green technology established Green Economic Development is mainstreamed
C. Orientation on mitigation in strategies 2- National strategy on climate change Prime Minister approved the National Strategy on Climate Change on 05 December 2011 Guiding Principles related to GHG mitigation : be associated with sustainable development toward a low-carbon economy Climate change adaptation and GHG emission reduction must be carried out in parallel for effective response to climate change Strategic objectives related to GHG mitigation : Consider low-carbon economy and green growth as principles in achieving sustainable development; GHG emission reduction and removal to become a mandatory index in social and economic development Some strategy tasks: Develop and implement REDD+ Programme; Development of new and renewable energies; Energy saving and efficiency; Transportation: Promote the use of low-carbon fuels; Accelerate green production in agriculture.
D. NAMA potential in policies/plans/programmes 1. National target program to respond to climate change period 2012 2015 -The Programme was promulgated under Decision No. 1183/QĐ-TTg dated 30 August 2012. - Targets of the Programme: + Update the climate change scenario in Viet Nam; + Develop the database on climate change; + Update and gradually implement the action plan to respond to climate change in ministries, sectors, localities; + Strengthen capacity on governance, regulation, policies for adaptation and mitigation in prioritized sectors; + Improve international cooperation on climate change; + Improve community knowledge on climate change. 2. National action program to reduce GHG emissions through efforts to restrict deforestation and degradation forests, sustainable management of forest resources, conserve and enhance forest carbon stocks period 2011 2020 (the REDD+ Program) 3. National Strategic Program on Energy Saving and Effective
E. Developing and identifing mitigation options Energy sector E1: Innovative coal stoves E2: Replacing coal with LPG in household cooking E3: High-efficiency refrigerators E4: Energy-saving compact fluorescent light bulbs E5: High-efficiency air conditioner E6: Solar water-heating appliances E7: High-efficiency electric motors E8: Innovative brick kilns E9: Switching from DO to CNG in transportation E10: LPG-fuelled cabs E11: Using high-press sodium lamps in public lighting E12: Switching from coal-fired to LNG thermal power E13: Small-scale hydropower replacing coal thermal power E14: Wind power replacing coal-fired thermal power E15: Rice husk power replacing coal thermal power Over 30 years, GHG mitigation potentials for the 15 options total 192.2 million tco 2 e.
E. Developing and identifing mitigation options Agriculture sector A1: Biogas replacing cooking coal in lowlands A2: Biogas replacing cooking coal in mountain areas A3: Rice paddy field water drain age in the Red River Delta A4: Rice paddy field water drain age in the South Central Coast A5: MUB cattle feeds GHG mitigation potentials in agriculture sector total about 56.5 million tco 2 e.
E. Developing and identifing mitigation options LULUCF sector F1: Protection and sustain able management of existing production forest areas F2: Conservation of existing protection forests F3: Reforestation of large timber forests in conjunction with natural regeneration F4:Planting long-rotation large timber trees F5: Planting fast-growing trees for lumber F6: Planting short-rotation pulp wood forest F7: Growing long-rotation nontimber product forest F8: Planting melaleuca forest on alkaline wetlands
G. Appling the mitigation options under CDM projects in Viet Nam Up to 06 May 2013, there were 238 CDM projects in Viet Nam which were registered by EB, generating total GHG reductions of 125 million tco 2 e. Wind power plan No.1 in Binh Thuan Province Rang Dong Oil Field Associated Gas Recovery and Utilization Project Song Muc Hydro Power Station Regeneration Project in Vietnam Methane Recovery and Biogas Utilization Project
H. Develop NAMA framework in Viet Nam NAMA framework includes policies, legal document which are necessary for facilitating to develop NAMA.. MONRE is cooperating with relevant ministries, sectors, agencies on researching and developing NAMA framework in Viet Nam. For policies: -Identify barriers in development and implementation NAMA. -Synthesize current policies, legal document which are related to mitigation. -Propose to review the policies and legal document on mitigation for developing the legal framework to implement NAMA. -Identify main emission sources. -Develop national and sectoral criteria for NAMA. -Propose procedures for developing and implementing NAMA; establish MRV for NAMA. -Parties that involve in the development and implementation of NAMA. -Management process for NAMA. Oganization: -Establish the cooperation between relevant ministries, sectors, localities. -Call out for financial, technical supports and capacity building on developing and implementing NAMA. Sectors for developing NAMA: Identify the prioritized sectors to develop and implement NAMA toward to the sustainable development in Viet Nam.
Efforts for developing NAMA in Viet Nam
A. Implementing activities under National target program to respond to climate change Project 1:Assessment of climate change sea level rising 1) Updated and published Scenario of Climate change and sea level riseing in 2012. 2) Developing the system for monitoring climate change in Viet Nam Project 2: Develop and implement Action plans to respond to climate change 1) Assessing the impact of climate change 2) Updating and promulgating Action plans 3) Implementing the models for adapting to climate change and reducing GHG emission in prioritized sectors. Dự án 3: Capacity building, communication, monitoring and evaluation of the Program 1) Developing institutions, policies on climate change Established National committee on climate change (Decision No. 43/QĐ-TTg dated 09 January 2012). 2) Improving communities understanding on climate change 3) Developing training and education on climate change
B. Institution for implementing NAMA in Viet Nam The working team on NAMA The working team for integrating NAMA was established by MONRE under Decision No. 187/QĐ-BTNMT dated 21 February 2013. Director General of DMHCC is the leader of the Working team. Tasks: -To advise and propose to the Minister of MONRE and other relevant ministries, agencies on measures to establish the institutional framework for the integration of NAMA on strategies, programs, plans, plans sustainable development of the ministries, agencies and localities. - to be focal point for working with other relevant ministries and agencies to define and develop the framework for NAMA. Completing the technical guideline for developing NAMA in Viet Nam Institute of Meteorology Hydrology and Environment (IMHEN) was basically completed the Guidelines for developing NAMA in Viet Nam under the cooperation with United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Completing NAMA framework DMHCC are cooperateing with relevant agencies for researching and developing the NAMA framework in Viet Nam.
Coming activities
A. Implementing activities under the Falicitating Implementation and Readiness for Mitigation (FIRM) Project - The Project was funded by the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA) through United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). - Continue to implement Component A of the Project: Developing alternative scenarios for increasing the share of renewable energy in national total commercial primary energy to 5% by 2020. - Developing 02 NAMA for wind-power technology (Energy sector) and biogas technology (Agriculture sector).
B. Implementing the Implementation Organization for the Capacitybuilding Cooperation and Joint Study Project in NAMAs in a measureable, reportable and verifiable (MRV) manner in the waste sector - The Project under the framework of cooperation between the MONRE Vietnam and the Ministry of Environment of Japan. IMHEN and the International Cooperation Center (OECC) of Japan were assigned to implement the Project. - Coming activity: Implementing surveys on landfill sites in Vietnam to determine the appropriate mitigation technology. Based on the results from the surveys, they can make a "short list" of technology for the landfill and determine the NAMA scenario in the waste sector inviet Nam.
Comment and suggestion -Viet Nam has high potential for developing NAMA. -Mitigation plays important role in the Strategies, Programmes, Plans in the country. -Lack of knowledge on NAMA and methodology, MRV tools for NAMA. -International supports on finance, technique, capacity building are necessary for Viet Nam to develop and implement NAMA. -Increase the cooperation of the Ministries, sectors, agencies localities on development and implementation NAMA in Viet Nam.
Thank you for your attention For more information, please contact: Department of Meteorology Hydrology and Climate Change Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Vietnam No. 10 Ton That Thuyet street, Cau Giay, Vietnam Tel: 84-4-37759384/37759385; Fax: 84-4-37759382 Email: vnccoffice@fpt.vn; Website: noccop.org.vn