Name: Date: 1. The diagram below represents interactions between organisms in a stable ecosystem. Which statement correctly describes organisms in this ecosystem? A. Organisms in level B obtain their energy directly from the Sun. B. Organisms in level C obtain their nutrients directly from organisms in level D. C. Organisms in level A are herbivores. D. Organisms in level D are heterotrophic. 2. Which phrase is an example of autotrophic nutrition? A. a cow eating grass in a field B. a mushroom digesting a dead log C. an apple tree making its own food D. a tapeworm feeding in the body of a dog 3. The flow of energy through an ecosystem involves many energy transfers. The diagram below summarizes the transfer of energy that eventually powers muscle activity. Sun A Food B ATP C Muscle Activity The process of cellular respiration is represented by A. arrow A, only B. arrow B, only C. arrow C, only D. arrows A, B, and C page 1
4. Base your answers to the following question(s) on the information below and on your knowledge of biology. Euglena are single-celled organisms that live in ponds. All euglena have chloroplasts and can make their own food. They can also take in food from the environment. The diagram below represents a euglena. An experiment was set up to determine the effect of nitrates, a pollutant, on the number of chloroplasts present in euglena. Five tanks were set up, each with euglena and a different concentration of nitrate solution: 0%, 5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%. The tanks were placed in a sunny location where each tank received the same amount of light. Euglena can be classified as both A. an autotroph and a parasite B. a decomposer and a heterotroph C. a producer and a parasite D. an autotroph and a heterotroph 5. Plants are green because they contain the protein chlorophyll. A bucket was left on the lawn for one week. When the bucket was removed, the grass under the bucket had turned from green to a yellowish white color. This change is due to the interaction between the grass and A. decomposer organisms in the soil, an abiotic factor B. the amount of sunlight, an abiotic factor C. increased moisture under the bucket, a biotic factor D. the metal composition of the bucket, a biotic factor page 2
6. The diagram below represents a food chain made up of organisms found in a field. Which row in the chart correctly identifies characteristics that can be associated with the members of this food chain? Row Producer Consumer Autotroph Heterotroph (1) corn snake mouse owl (2) mouse owl snake mouse (3) corn owl corn snake (4) owl corn snake corn A. (1) B. (2) C. (3) D. (4) 7. Which process provides the initial energy to support all the levels in the energy pyramid shown below? A. circulation B. photosynthesis C. active transport D. digestion page 3
8. The diagram below represents the varying biodiversity in three ecosystems. The level of biodiversity in ecosystem A is high because it has the A. least variety of energy levels B. greatest variety of genetic material C. greatest number of decomposers D. least number of ecological niches page 4
9. Which statement about the pyramid of energy shown below is correct? A. The amount of energy needed to sustain the pyramid enters at level D. B. The total amount of energy decreases with each successive feeding level from D to A. C. The amount of energy is identical in each level of the pyramid. D. The total amount of energy at level D is less than the total amount of energy at level B. 10. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the energy pyramid and on your knowledge of biology. Which energy levels could contain carnivores? A. A and B B. B and C C. C and D D. D and A page 5