DRAFT INDIAN STANDARD FOR LIQUID-CHILLING PACKAGES USING THE VAPOUR COMPRESSION CYCLE

DRAFT INDIAN STANDARD FOR LIQUID-CHILLING PACKAGES USING THE VAPOUR COMPRESSION CYCLE METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF PERFORMANCE AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATING AND TESTING FOR PERFORMANCE ICS 97.130.20 Not to be reproduced without the permission of Last date for receipt of BIS or used as a STANDARD comments is: 31-05-2014 1 P a g e

I N D E S. No. Content Page No. From To 1.0 SCOPE 3 3 2.0 REFERENCES 4 4 3.0 TERMINOLOGY 5 7 4.0 CLASSIFICATION 8 8 5.0 CONSTRUCTION (GENERAL) 9 10 6.0 RATING REQUIREMENTS 11 11 7.0 Ratings 12 12 7.1 Published Ratings 12 12 7.2 Standard Rating 12 12 7.3 Application ratings 13 13 7.4 Part Load Performance 13 13 8.0 Rating tolerance 14 14 9.0 Testing 15 15 10.0 Marking, Rating plate and Published data 16 16 11.0 Basic Principles of testing 17 17 12.0 Test apparatus and installation of the test unit 18 18 13.0 Test Method 19 26 14.0 Test verification 27 28 15.0 Instrumentation 29 29 16.0 Test procedure 30 33 17.0 Fouling factor consideration for testing 34 34 Annexure A Method for Simulating fouling factor allowance 35 37 Annexure B Concurrent Redundant Verification test for air cooled 38 38 condenser units Annexure C India Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio 39 44 Annexure D Sample Calculation 45 45 Annexure E Air distribution check procedure and check list 46 48 Annexure F Barometric pressure adjustment 49 50 2 P a g e

Foreword This standard is primarily intended to introduce testing standards for Liquid cooling chillers using Vapor compression cycle. This standard is an initiative of ISHRAE (Indian Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air conditioning Engineers), Refrigeration and Air conditioning Manufacturers Association (RAMA). While preparing this standard considerable assistance has been drawn from standards and guidelines as listed below, ISO 817 Organic Refrigerants Number designation. Proposed working draft (pwd 19298-1) liquid-chilling packages using the vapour compression cycle, Part 1 : Method of rating for performance Proposed working draft (pwd 19298-2) liquid-chilling packages using the vapour compression cycle. Part 2 : Method of testing for performance AHRI Guideline 1997 - Fouling Factors: A Survey Of Their Application In Today's Air Conditioning And Refrigeration Industry ISO 9614: Acoustics Determination of Sound Power levels of noise sources using sound intensity IEC Standard Publication 38, IEC Standard Voltages EN 14511 1: 2011: Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps with electrically driven compressors for space heating and cooling Part 1: terms and definitions EN 14511 2: 2011: Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps with electrically driven compressors for space heating and cooling Part2: Test conditions EN 14511 3: 2011: Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps with electrically driven compressors for space heating and cooling Part3: Test methods AHRI 550/590 (I-P)-2011: Performance Rating of Water-Chilling and Heat Pump Water- Heating Packages Using Vapor Compression Cycle ANSI/ASHRAE 30-1995 Method of Testing Liquid-Chilling Packages ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 37-2009, Method of Testing for Ratings Electrically Driven Unitary Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Equipment. ASHRAE Standard 116 1995, Methods of Testing for Rating for Seasonal Efficiency of Unitary Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps. ASHRAE Standard 51 1999/210 1999, Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Aerodynamic Performance Rating. AMCA Standard 210-99 Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Aerodynamic Performance Rating. 3 P a g e

The manufacturers of factory packaged liquid chillers offer a complex array of equipment to meet the diverse applications of markets. The complexity of the product offering precludes the testing of each and every model. However, in order to promote consistency in the representation of chiller performance by all manufacturers, this standard establishes uniform rating and testing methods. In order for a manufacturer to comply with this standard, conformance to this standard is required in entirety. Only those agencies or companies that offer testing services can refer to the relevant clauses for testing method defined in this standard. This standard may also be used for customer specific tests conducted at appropriate test facilities, but it is not intended for field-testing. For the purpose of declaring and publishing the values as specified in this standard, the final value observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised). 4 P a g e

1.0 Scope 1.1 Standard covers the method of test for the measurement of performance and energy efficiency of factory built liquid chilling units covering all types and sizes for a rated voltage up to and including 250V, 50Hz AC, for single phase and up to and including 415V, 50Hz AC for Three phase power supply. 1.2 This standard defines testing method for liquid chilling packages using the vapour compression cycle to verify the cooling capacity and power requirements at a specific set of conditions. 1.3 This standard covers full load and part load ratings testing method to allow for an energy analysis of the unit in different applications. 1.4 It is intended that equipment testing will be done in lab where the instrumentation and load stability as defined in the standard can be provided. Note: This standard does not provide method of testing in field installations where steady state and uniform conditions are difficult to achieve and provisions for measurements are not made. 1.5 Annex A, B & C form an integral part of this standard 1.6 This standard does not cover the testing method for: a) Packages with Condensing unit provided with Heat reclaim b) Systems with remote condensing unit c) Systems with Evaporative cooled condenser d) Condenser less chillers 2.0 REFERENCES Following Indian Standards are necessary adjunct to this standard. IS Number Title 101 (Part6/Sec1): 1988 Methods of sampling and test for paints, varnishes and related products - Part 6 : Durability tests - Section 1 : Resistance to humidity under conditions of condensation IS 101 (Part 6 : Sec 5): Method of sampling and test for paints, varnishes and related 1997 products Part 6 Durability test on Paint films section 5 IS 101 (Part 7 : Sec 1): 1989 IS 101 (Part 7 : Sec 2): 1990 IS 101 (Part 7 : Sec 3): 1990 IS 196: 1966 IS 325: 1996 IS 8148: 2003 Accelerated weathering test Methods of Sampling and Test for Paints, Varnishes and Related Products - Part 7 : Environmental Tests on Paint Films - Section 1 : Resistance to water Methods of sampling and test for paints, varnishes and related products part 7 Environmental tests on paint films Sec 2 Resistance to liquids Methods of sampling and test for paints, varnishes and related products Part 7 Environmental tests on paint films Sec 3 Resistance to heat Atmospheric conditions for testing (revised) Three phase induction motors (firth revision) Packaged Air Conditioners IS 2360 Voltage bands for electrical installations including preferred voltages and frequency ISO 817 Organic refrigerants Number designation ISO 9614 1 ISO 9614 2 Acoustics - Determination of Sound Power Levels of Noise Sources Using Sound Intensity - Part 1: Measurement at Discrete Points First Edition Acoustics - Determination of Sound Power Levels of Noise Sources Using Sound Intensity - Part 2: Measurement by 5 P a g e

PWD 19298-1 PWD 19298-2 Scanning First Edition Proposed working draft liquid-chilling packages using the vapour compression cycle, Part 1 : Method of rating for performance Proposed working draft liquid-chilling packages using the vapour compression cycle. Part 2 : Method of testing for performance 3.0 Terminology For the purposes of this Standard, the terms and definitions as listed below shall apply: 3.1 Bubble point Refrigerant liquid saturation temperature at a specified pressure. ( C) 3.2 Condenser. A refrigeration system component which condenses refrigerant vapour. Sub-cooling of the refrigerant may occur as well. a) Air Cooled Condenser. A refrigeration system component that condenses refrigerant vapor by rejecting heat to air circulated over its heat transfer surface causing a rise in the air temperature. Sub-cooling of the refrigerant may occur as well. b) Water-Cooled Condenser. A component which utilizes refrigerant-to-water heat transfer means, causing the refrigerant to condense and the water to be heated. 3.3 Condenser Heat rejection capacity The heat removed by the heat transfer medium of the condenser per unit of time, (kw) 3.4 Cooling capacity Heat given off from the liquid to the refrigerant per unit of time, (kw) 3.5 Coefficient of performance (COP) A ratio of the cooling capacity in kilo watts to the total power input in kilo watts, [kw/kw]. This is a dimensionless number. 3.6 Dew point Refrigerant vapor saturation temperature at a specified pressure. ( C) 3.7 Effective COP A ratio of the effective cooling capacity in kilo watts to the total power input in kilo watts for units with integral pumps [kw/kw]. 3.8 Effective cooling capacity For units with integral pumps, the Effective Cooling Capacity includes the power input to the pumps (kw). 3.9 Fouling factor The thermal resistance due to fouling on the fluid side of the heat transfer surface (m 2 C /kw) 6 P a g e

3.10 Fouling factor allowance Provision for anticipated fouling during use, specified in (m 2 C /kw) 3.11 Liquid-chilling packages A factory made refrigeration machine using the vapour compression cycle. Note: Liquid-chilling packages may be operated with any type of compressor and be equipped with air-cooled and liquidcooled, condensers. Liquid chilling packages can be supplied without condenser. Liquid chilling packages can be supplied with or without pumps. 3.12 Liquid-cooled condenser A heat transfer device, which utilizes refrigerant-to-liquid heat transfer means, causing the refrigerant to condense and the liquid to be heated. Sub-cooling of the refrigerant may occur as well.. 3.13 Liquid refrigerant temperature Temperature of the refrigerant entering the expansion device. ( C) 3.14 Ratings 3.14.1 Performance rating Performance data over the operating range of the unit at full load in the form of performance curves or catalog or output from a computer selection code. Note: The published ratings are the ratings declared by the manufacturer in any form as defined above. 3.14.2 Application rating: A rating based on tests performed at Application Rating Conditions other than Standard Rating Conditions (see 7.2).. 3.14.3 Standard Rating. A rating based on tests performed at Standard Rating Conditions 3.15 Saturated discharge temperature For single component and azeotropic refrigerants, it is the saturated temperature corresponding to the refrigerant pressure at the compressor discharge. For zeotropic refrigerants, it is the arithmetic average of the dew point and bubble point temperatures corresponding to refrigerant pressure at the compressor discharge. Note: The refrigerant temperature is generally measured at or immediately downstream of the compressor discharge service valve (in either case on the downstream side of the valve seat), where discharge valves are used. ( C) 3.16 Standard Barometric Pressure Barometric pressure of 101.325 kpa (1 bar) 7 P a g e

3.17 Total power input of the system Power input of all components of the unit in operation shall include: a.) The power input for operation of the compressor, (kw) b.) The power input of all controls, safety devices, starters, and drives of the unit, including devices necessary for correct operation of the refrigerating circuit (e.g. oil pump, refrigerant pump), (kw) c.) The power for fans for air cooled liquid chillers, (kw) d.) In case of the pump being an integral part of the unit for water cooled chillers, the power supplied to the pumps (kw). 3.18 Sound Power Level: Ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the given sound power to the reference sound power which is 1 pw(10-12 W), and expressed in decibels (db) 4.0 CLASSIFICATION: Liquid chilling packages shall be classified according to method of cooling of condenser. Air cooled condenser Water cooled condenser Note: The liquid chilling packages can also be without condensing unit. 5.0 CONSTRUCTION (GENERAL): 5.1 The unit shall be constructed with sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand normal manual and mechanical handling, transportation and usage without damage or failure 5.2 Structural constructional parts shall be suitably provided with corrosion resistant coating. 5.3 All parts that require periodic cleaning or maintenance shall be easily accessible when the unit is installed in accordance with manufacturer s instructions. 5.4 Self-tapping screws shall not be used for any load bearing parts or any part that has to be removed for routine maintenance 5.5 All parts that constitute an accident hazard shall be suitably guarded. 5.6 Pipes and connections to moving or resiliently mounted parts shall be so arranged as not to foul or to transmit undue vibrations to other parts and shall be so designed as to prevent failure due to fatigue. All other pipes and connections shall be securely anchored. 5.7 Water cooled condenser shall have cleanable water passages, either by mechanical means or chemical or both. An adequate opening shall be provided in the casing, so as to have access to passages bearing water, from either end, for the design amenable to mechanical cleaning. 5.8 All valves and refrigeration piping shall be properly clamped so as to avoid excessive vibration. 5.9 Safety and installation requirements 8 P a g e

The listed below are some of the recommended safety and minimum specifications and information to be provided by the chiller manufacturer. These requirements are basic and are not limited to the list below: 5.9.1 Safety requirements: a. The Liquid chilling package shall be complete with flow switch, vibration isolators/cushy mounts; Emergency Power Off (EPO) switch. b. Necessary terminal box for termination of cables to the chiller shall be a part of the chiller panel. c. The terminal block shall be suitable for using Aluminum cables also d. Condenser heat exchanger guard shall be provided for air cooled condenser 5.9.2 Installation and commissioning requirements: a. The liquid chilling package manufacturer has to submit the dimensional drawing with point loads and dimensions enabling the structural supporting system to be designed for installation. b. Liquid chilling package manufacturer should advise on the minimum spacing required for the air movement around the chillers and the suggested maintenance space including access to the liquid chilling package unit yard. c. The liquid chilling package manufacturer shall provide shipping weight of the unit, recommended handling and transportation method(s) including transportation from manufacturer location to the installation location. d. Commissioning of the liquid chilling package shall be done by qualified personnel as recommended and qualified by the manufacturer or accredited training organization. The qualified commissioning personnel shall test and provide the test data to the customer in prescribed format containing relevant electrical and refrigerant parameters for assessing the performance of the liquid chilling package. e. Commissioning personnel shall train designated personnel of the customer / user of the liquid chilling package on the operation and routine maintenance. f. Liquid chilling package manufacturer shall submit the required operating & maintenance manual and safety procedures. g. Liquid chilling package manufacturer shall provide the complete details like heat exchanger area, dimensions and any additional information as requested by customer. h. Liquid chilling package manufacturer shall suggest the quality of water in the closed loop evaporator and open loop condenser and the suggested make up water quality. 6.0 RATING REQUIREMENTS 6.1 Test requirements All tests for liquid chilling package ratings shall be conducted as defined in Clause 9.0, and Clause 11.0 to 17.0. 6.2 Standard rating conditions 9 P a g e

Published ratings for all liquid-chilling packages as in Clause 6 shall include the standard ratings, corresponding to the standard rating conditions shown in Table 1 within the operating limits of the unit. Table 1 Liquid-cooled Air-cooled Liquid / Air cooled condenser Entering temperature 30 C [86.0 F] Not applicable Delta T 5 K [9 R] Not applicable Liquid-side fouling factor allowance Clean 0.000 m 2 K/kW Not applicable Nominal 0.088 m 2 K/kW Entering dry-bulb temperature Not applicable 39 C Air-side fouling factor allowance Not applicable 0.000 m 2 K/kW Evaporator liquid temperature Leaving 7 C T 5 K Evaporator fouling factor allowance Liquid-side Barometric pressure Clean 0.000 m 2 K/kW Nominal 0.044 m 2 K/kW 101.325 kpa Note: For all rated condition testing, Evaporator liquid-side and condenser liquid-side or air-side heat transfer surfaces shall be considered clean during testing. Tests will be assumed to reflect fouling factors of 0.0 m 2 K/W 6.3 Sound power measurement test: 7.0 Ratings The sound power measurement shall be done at rated condition specified in Table 1 wherever feasible in the lab. In case, if the conditions as per Table 1 cannot be maintained, the sound power measurement shall be done at possible temperature conditions and data shall be noted in the test report. The measurement shall be done in accordance with standard ISO 9614 by sound intensity method under free field condition (Part 1: Measurement by discrete points and Part 2: Measurement by scanning) For sound power measurement test the following conditions shall be used: Test unit shall be set to operate at full load in cooling mode With the pump running All fans running at nominal speed 7.1 Published Ratings Published ratings shall comply with this standard, performance ratings shall be based on test data or models derived from test data. Published ratings shall include the following: a. Name and address of the manufacturer b. Refrigerant in accordance with ISO 817 c. Unit type, Model number and Serial number designations providing identification of the liquid-chilling packages to which the ratings shall apply. 10 P a g e

d. Power supply in V;. Phase;..Hz (Rated voltage; Phase and frequency) e. Starting current in Amperes f. Full load current in Amperes g. COP at rated condition h. ISEER Indian Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio i. Sound power level (db) j. Fouling allowance - (Published ratings shall clearly state the fouling allowance). Corrections and calculations for different fouling factors shall be made as per Annex A. Ratings shall be published using one of the following two options: 1.) Clean ratings with a correction factor on COP and capacity to yield nominal fouled conditions as per Table 1. 2.) Nominal fouled rating as per Table 1. Additional ratings or means of determining those ratings, at other fouling factor allowances may also be published. Note: In Air cooled condensers, if variable speed condenser fans or fan staging is used, the manufacturer shall publish the capacities and COPs taking into consideration the different performance parameters according to the fan control of the unit 7.2 Standard ratings 7.2.1 Total power input to chiller, (kw). 7.2.2 Cooling capacity, (kw). a. Cooling capacity for all units. b. Effective cooling capacity for units supplied with integral pumps. 7.2.3 COP at rated condition, (kw/kw). 7.2.4 ISEER India Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio 7.2.5 Any two of the following: a. Entering evaporator liquid temperature, ( C) b. Leaving evaporator liquid temperature, [ C] c. Liquid temperature difference through the evaporator, [K] 7.2.6 For all units without integral evaporator pump, evaporator liquid pressure drop, (kpa) [psi]. For units with integral pumps the available static pressure, (kpa). 7.2.7 Chilled liquid flow rate, [L/s] 7.2.8 Liquid-cooled condenser packages a. For water cooled units without integral pump condenser liquid pressure drop (kpa). For units with integral pump the available static pressure (kpa). b. Any two of the following i. Entering condenser liquid temperature, [ C] i. Leaving condenser liquid temperature, [ C] 11 P a g e

ii. Liquid temperature difference through the condenser, [K] 7.2.9 Air-cooled condenser units a. Entering air dry-bulb temperature, [ C]. b. External static pressure available for ducted units, [Pa] 7.3 Application rating Application ratings (other than standard rating) shall include Published ratings and the range of conditions within the operating limits of the equipment which shall be presented in the form of a performance curve. The conditions and the operating limits are as defined below. All condenser types: Leaving chilled liquid temperature 4.4 C to 10.0 C in increments of 1K or less and temperature difference between 2.5K and 8K. Liquid-cooled condenser: Entering condenser liquid temperature 20 C to 35 C in increments of 1K or less and temperature difference between 2.5K and 8K. Air-cooled condenser: Entering condenser air dry-bulb temperature 20 C to 46 C dry-bulb in increments of 1 C or less and temperature difference between 2.5 K and 8 K. Note: The rating conditions and the operating limits other than those prescribed above shall be mutually agreed upon between the manufacturer and buyer. 7.4 Part-load performance 7.4.1 Part load rating data shall be published or available upon request over the application rating conditions (defined in Annex C). These include cooling capacity, power input and ISEER. 7.4.2 100 % load refers to the full rated capacity as defined by the standard rating conditions given in Table 1, and with the following condition for air-cooled units: Rating condition T : 5 K For continuously variable unloading machines part load data shall be provided at a minimum of 75%, 50% and 25%, or to the minimum load point. 7.4.3 For discrete step unloading machines, part load rating data shall be provided at each stage of capacity. 7.4.4 Method of representing part load performance as a single value shall be as described in Annex C. The corresponding part load rating data to be required in order to calculate this single value also shall be as described. 8 Rating tolerances In cases where this value is declared by the manufacturer, all part load rating data necessary for its calculation shall also be published. 8.1 The full load and part load permissible tolerances on capacity [kw] and COP [kw/kw] shall be determined using the following equation: 12 P a g e

830 10.34 (0.07 % FL) ( ) DTFL % FL % FL = Percent of selected full-load rating conditions FL = Full load rating condition DT FL = Difference between entering and leaving chilled water temperature at full-load, K (SI units) The equation for rating tolerance for both capacity and COP has been empirically determined and recognizes three major sources of uncertainty or variation as described below. i. Uncertainty of Measurement: Elements such as instrumentation error, set-up and operator interaction ii. Uncertainty in Performance Prediction: Includes the uncertainty of computing the performance of models other than tested models iii. Manufacturing Variation: Includes the normal variation associated with heat exchangers and compressor components Where: 8.2 Ratings published and claimed to be in compliance with this standard shall be as specified in Clause 8.1. 8.2.1. Full load capacity and full & part load COP shall not be less than 100 percent of the rating minus the allowable tolerance as calculated in Clause 8.1. 8.2.2. Liquid pressure drop in the evaporator or condenser shall not exceed 115 percent of the rated pressure drop at the specified liquid flow rate at any rated condition. 8.2.3. The pump head for units with integral pump(s) in the evaporator or condenser shall not be less than 85 percent of the rated pump head at the specified liquid flow rate at any rated condition. 8.2.4. Sound power level shall be +3 db 8.3 Typical examples on calculation are given in Annexure D for guidance only 9 TESTING: All the tests given in the standard are Type tests. The type test shall be carried out for all types, sizes and capacity. The manufacturers of factory packaged liquid chillers offer a complex array of equipment to meet the diverse applications of markets. The complexity of the product offering precludes the testing of each and every model. However, in order to promote consistency in the representation of chiller performance by all manufacturers, this standard establishes uniform rating and testing methods. In order for a manufacturer to comply with this standard, conformance to this standard is required in entirety. Only those agencies or companies that offer testing services can refer to the relevant clauses for testing method defined in this standard. This standard may also be used for customer specific tests conducted at appropriate test facilities. 13 P a g e

10 Marking, Rating plate and published data 10.1 Rating plate A rating plate shall be attached to each unit to provide the following essential information, in addition to the information required by applicable safety standards. 10.2 Marking and rating plate data: The markings required by the standard shall be clearly legible and durable. Compliance is checked by inspection and by rubbing the marking by hand for 15 s with a piece of cloth soaked with water and again for 15 s with a piece of cloth soaked with petroleum spirit. The petroleum spirit to be used for the test is aliphatic solvent hexane. After all the tests of this standard, the marking shall be clearly legible. It shall not be easily possible to remove marking plates nor shall they show curling. NOTE In considering the durability of the marking, the effect of normal use is taken into account. For example, marking by means of paint or enamel, other than vitreous enamel, on containers that are likely to be cleaned frequently, is not considered to be durable. a) Manufacturer's name and address b) Model number designation c) Serial number d) Refrigerant designation (in accordance with ISO 817). e) Rated Voltage, phase and frequency (in accordance with IS 12360). f) Rated current in Amperes g) Published Total Power input in kw. h) Starting current in Amperes i) Refrigerant charge (kg) 10.3 Published performance data: a) Application rating Performance curves shall be provided as specified in Clause 7.2. b) Part load performance rating shall be provided as specified in Clause 7.3 11 Basic principles of testing 11.1 Cooling capacity (q ev ) The cooling capacity is the heat removed from the chilled liquid. It is determined from the measurement of the volume flow (Q) of the chilled liquid and the entering & leaving temperatures at the evaporator side, taking into consideration the specific heat capacity (c p ) and density ( ) of the liquid. The cooling capacity shall be determined using the following equation: ( Q.. c. t)/1000 Where: - q ev is the cooling capacity [kw] - Q is the volume flow rate [m 3 /s] - is the fluid density [kg/m 3 ] - c p is the specific heat at constant pressure [J/kg-K] q ev - t is the difference between inlet and outlet temperatures [K] p 14 P a g e

11.2 Water cooled condenser heat rejection (q cd ) The condenser heat rejection capacity is the heat rejected through the condenser. It is determined from the volume flow of the liquid and the entering and leaving temperatures at the condenser, taking into consideration the specific heat capacity and density of the heat transfer medium. The heat rejection capacity shall be determined using the following equation: Where: q cd ( Q.. c. t) /1000 p q cd is the heat rejection capacity [kw] Q is the volume flow rate [m 3 /sec is the density [kg/m 3 ] c p is the specific heat at constant pressure [J/kg-K] t is the difference between inlet and outlet temperatures [K ] 11.3 Ducted air cooled condenser heat rejection The heat rejection capacity of a ducted air cooled condenser shall be determined using the following equation. q cd = q v (h e h l ) Where: q cd is the heat rejection capacity [kw] is the density of standard air and is equal to 1.204 kg/m³ at 101.325 kpa and 20 C q v is the standard airside volume flow rate [m³/s] (the measured volume flow rate shall be converted into standard air) h e = enthalpy of entering air [kj/kg] h l = enthalpy of leaving air [kj/kg] Note: The Airflow measurement and measuring apparatus shall be in accordance with section 6.6 of ASHRAE Standard 116 95 (RA05) Refer to Figure 12 of ASHRAE Standard 51 99/AMCA Standard 210 99 or Figure 14 of ASHRAE Standard 41.2 87 (RA 92) for guidance on placing the static pressure taps and positioning the diffusion baffle (settling means) relative to the chamber inlet. 12 Test apparatus and installation of the test unit 12.1 General requirements The test apparatus shall be designed in such a way that all requirements on adjustments of set values, stability criteria and uncertainties of measurement can be achieved according to this standard. 12.2 Test room for the air side The size of the test room shall be selected such that any resistance to air flow at the air inlet and air outlet of the test unit is avoided. The air flow through the room shall not be capable of initiating any short circuit between these two openings. The air velocity in the room shall not be greater than the mean velocity through the unit inlet. Unless otherwise stated by the manufacturer, the air inlet or air outlet to the test unit shall be not less than 1 m distant from 15 P a g e

the surfaces of the test room. Any direct heat radiation by heating units in the test room onto the unit or onto the temperature measuring points shall be avoided. 12.2.1 Appliances with duct connection The connections of a ducted air unit (test appliance) to the test facility shall be sufficiently air tight to ensure that the measured results are not influenced by exchange of air with the surroundings. The test room shall have the capability of imposing the required external static pressure. 12.2.2 Appliances with integral pumps For appliances with integral and adjustable water or brine pumps, the pressure head and temperature difference shall be set simultaneously. 12.3 Installation and connection of the test appliance / artifact 12.3.1 General The test appliance / artifact shall be installed and connected for the test as recommended by the manufacturer in the installation and operation manual. The accessories provided by option are not included in the test. If a back-up heater provided in option or not, it shall be switched off or disconnected and to be excluded from the testing. When the liquid pump is an integral part of the unit and the external head pressure setting possible, the setting shall be made in order to reduce this external head pressure to approach zero. For unit with open-type compressor, the electric motor shall be supplied for specified by the manufacturer. The compressor shall be operated at the rotational speed specified by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer instruction indicates value for the temperature to be set on the control device for a given rating condition, then this value shall be used. Note: if skilled personnel with knowledge of control software are required for the start of the system, the manufacturer or the nominated agent should be available when the system is being installed and prepared for tests. 12.3.2 Installation and connection of the test unit The equipment to be tested shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions using recommended procedures and accessories. No alterations to the equipment shall be made except for the attachment of required test apparatus and instruments in the prescribed manner. 13 Test method 13.1 Conditions of heat transfer surfaces All heat transfer surfaces shall be assumed to have fouling allowances of 0.000 m 2 K/W during the test. Tests conducted in accordance with this standard may require cleaning (in accordance with manufacturer s instructions) of the heat transfer surfaces. 13.2 Measurements 13.2.1 Temperature and pressure measurement: 16 P a g e

Temperature and pressure measuring points shall be arranged in order to obtain mean values. Temperature measurements shall be made in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 41.1. Any differences between this standard document and ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 41.1, this document shall be applicable. The accuracy and precision of the measuring instruments including read-out devices, for temperature measurements shall meet or exceed the accuracy and precision requirements defined in Table 3. To ensure adequate air distribution, thorough mixing, and uniform air temperature, the room and set up shall be properly designed and operated. The test room conditioning equipment airflow should be set such that recirculation of condenser discharged air is avoided. The recirculation of the condenser discharged air back into the condenser coil(s) shall be verified by method as below: Multiple individual reading thermocouples (at least one per sampling tree location) will be installed around the unit air discharge perimeter so that they are below the plane of condenser fan exhaust and just above the top of the condenser coil(s). The temperature difference indicated by these thermocouples shall not be greater than 5.0 K ( R) from the average inlet air. Air distribution at the test facility point of supply to the unit shall be verified prior to beginning of the test and shall be adjusted if required. Mixing fans can be used to ensure adequate air distribution in the test room. The mixing fans shall be placed such that the air from fans shall be in a direction away from air intake to the condenser and mixing fan exhaust direction is at an angle of 90-270 to the air entrance to the condenser air inlet. Precaution to be executed to ensure no recirculation of condenser fan exhausts air back through the test unit. Correct test shall meet the criteria for adequate air distribution and control of air temperature as defined in Table 4. Appendix A provides the check list of verification for air flow and temperature distribution. The verification shall be done before starting of any new test. 13.2.2 Air sampling device Requirements. Air sampling device is defined as an air sampling tube assembly that draws air through sampling tubes in a manner to provide a uniform sampling of air entering the Air-Cooled Condenser coil. The design of air sampling device is described as below. The air sampling device is designed to draw a uniform sample of the airflow entering the Air- Cooled Condenser section for measurement of air temperature. A typical configuration for the sampling device is shown in Figure 1 for a device with overall dimensions of 1.2 m by 1.2 m sample. Other dimension and rectangular shapes may be used and should be scaled accordingly as long as the aspect ratio (width to height) of no greater than 2 to 1 is maintained. The air sampling device shall be constructed of stainless steel, plastic or other suitable, durable materials. It shall have a main flow trunk tube with a series of branch tubes connected to the trunk tube. It must have from 10 to 20 branch tubes. The branch tubes shall have appropriately spaced holes, sized to provide equal airflow through all the holes by increasing the hole size as you move further from the trunk tube to account for the static pressure regain effect in the branch and trunk tubes. The number of sampling holes shall be greater than 50. The average minimum velocity through the sampling tree holes shall be 2473 m/h as determined by evaluating the sum of the open area of the holes as compared to the flow area in the aspirating psychrometer. The assembly shall have a tubular connection to allow a flexible tube to be connected to the sampling device and to the aspirating psychrometer. The sampling device shall also be equipped with a thermocouple thermopile grid to measure the average temperature of the airflow over the sampling device. The thermopile shall have at least 16 junction points per sampling device, evenly spaced across the sampling device, and connected in a parallel wiring circuit. On smaller units with only two sampling devices it is 17 P a g e

acceptable to individually measure the 16 thermocouple points as a determination of room stratification. The air sampling devices shall be placed within 150 300 mm of the unit to minimize the risk of damage to the unit while ensuring that the air sampling tubes are measuring the air going into the test unit rather than the room air around the unit. Figure 1 Typical Air Sampling Device Note: The 19mm by 12.5mm slots shown in Figure 1 are cut into the branches of the sampling device and are located inside of the trunk of the sampling device. They are placed to allow air to be pulled into the main trunk from each of the branches. 13.2.3 Aspirating Psychrometer: Aspirating psychrometer is a piece of equipment with a monitored airflow section that draws a uniform airflow velocity through the measurement section and has probes for measurement of air temperature and humidity. The design of an aspirating psychrometer is as described below. a) It consists of a flow section and a fan to draw air through the flow section and measures an average value of the sampled air stream from air sampling device. b) The flow section shall be equipped with two dry-bulb temperature probe connections, one of which will be used for the facility temperature measurement and one of which shall be available to confirm this measurement using an additional or a reference validation temperature sensor probe. For applications where the humidity is also required, for testing of evaporative cooled units or heat pump chillers in heating mode, the flow section shall be equipped with two wet-bulb temperature probe connection zone of which will be used for the facility wet-bulb measurement and one of which shall be available to confirm the wet-bulb measurement using an additional or a reference validation temperature wet-bulb sensor probe. 18 P a g e

c) The psychrometer shall include a fan that either can be adjusted manually or automatically to maintain average velocity across the temperature sensors. A typical configuration for the aspirating psychrometer is shown in Figure 2. d) The distance between the sensor probe and the fan shall be such that there is no abnormal impact of air velocity from the fan. Recommended distance between fan and temperature sensor shall be minimum 150mm. e) The cup for wet bulb water shall be connected with makeup water connection to ensure minimum level of water is ensured always during testing Velocity across probes should be 305 ± 61 m/min Aspirating Psycrometer header 100mm clear plastic tube Figure 2: Aspirating psychrometer 13.3 Test Setup Description. The air wet-bulb and/or dry-bulb temperature shall be measured at multiple locations entering the condenser, based on the airflow nominal face area at the point of measurement. Multiple temperature measurements will be used to determine acceptable air distribution and the mean air temperature. The use of air sampling device as a measuring station reduces the time required to setup a test and allows an additional or a reference validation temperature sensor(s) probe for redundant dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures. Only the dry-bulb sensors need to be used for Air-Cooled Condensers. The nominal face area may extend beyond the condenser coil depending on coil configuration and orientation, and must include all regions through which air enters the unit. The nominal face area of the airflow shall be divided into a number of equal area sampling rectangles with aspect ratios no greater than 2 to 1. Each rectangular area shall have one air sampling device. 19 P a g e

L L L L 2L 2L 3L L 3L L 4L W 0.8L W L Legend Condenser Air Inlet Nominal Face Area L Equal Area Rectangular Air Sampler Tree 5L L H 0.8L H L 6L L 7L = L overall L A B C D 0.6 Loverall A+B+C+D+... L overall Figure 3: Determination of Measurement Rectangles and Required Number of Air Sampler Trees 20 P a g e

Figure 4: Typical Set up A minimum of one aspirating psychrometer per side of a chiller shall have to be used. For units with three (3) sides, two (2) sampling aspirating psychrometers shall have to be used but will require a separate air sampler device for the third side. For units that have air entering the sides and the bottom of the unit, additional air sampling device should be used. A minimum total of two (2) air sampling device should be used in any case, in order to assess air temperature uniformity. The air sampling device shall be located such that it is at geometric centre of each rectangle condenser coil; either horizontal or vertical orientation of the branches is acceptable. The sampling device shall cover at least 80% of the height and 60% of the width of the air entrance to the unit (for long horizontal coils), or shall cover at least 80% of the width and 60% of the height of the air entrance (for tall vertical coils). The sampling device shall not extend beyond the face of the air entrance area. It is acceptable to block all branch inlet holes that extend beyond the face of the unit. Refer to Figure 3 for examples of how an increasing number of air sampling devices are required for longer condenser coils. 21 P a g e

A maximum of only four (4) sampling devices shall be connected to each aspirating psychrometer. The sampling device should be connected and routed to the aspirating psychrometer using insulated flexible tubing so that heat transfer to the air stream is prevented. In order to proportionately divide the flow stream for multiple sampling devices for a given aspirating psychrometer, the flexible tubing should be of equal lengths for each sampling device. Refer to Figure 4 for some typical examples of air sampling device and aspirating psychrometer setups. Care must be taken to ensure that the liquid temperatures are the average bulk stream temperatures. This shall include provisions for mixing of the fluid. For free air intake temperature measurements, it is required: a.) Either to have at least one sensor per m² and not less than four measuring points equally distributed on the air surface b.) Or to use a sampling device. It shall be complemented with a minimum of four sensors for checking uniformity if the surface area is greater than 1 m². 13.3.1 Units with integral pumps Units that include an integral evaporator fluid pump, and / a condenser fluid or heat reclaim fluid pump shall have to be tested for both condition A and Test condition B as defined below. 13.3.2 Test condition A : integral liquid pumps operating The unit shall be run with the integral pumps running and the external loop resistance of the test facility adjusted to obtain the desired rating fluid flow rates. The following values shall then be measured; Evaporator and/or condenser and/or heat reclaim condenser entering and leaving liquid temperatures [ C] Evaporator and/or condenser and/or heat reclaim condenser liquid flow rates [m 3 /sec] Evaporator and/or condenser and/or heat reclaim condenser external water static pressure [kpa] Total power input to the unit (compressor + pumps + controls) [kw] The calculated test capacities for this test will represent the Net Cooling capacity, Net condenser heat rejection and Net Heat Reclaim capacity. 13.3.3 Test condition B: liquid pumps turned off A second test shall be run with the integral pumps turned off. The following values shall be measured; Evaporator and Condenser and heat reclaim condenser Entering and Leaving liquid Temperatures [ C] Evaporator and Condenser liquid Flow rates [m 3 /s] Total power input to the unit (compressor + controls) [kw] The calculated test capacities for this test will represent the Gross Cooling capacity and Gross condenser heat rejection. The following figures 1 and 2 are representing typical arrangements of test facility and measurement locations for the test conditions A and B respectively. 22 P a g e

F loop condenser pump adjust valve to obtain rated gpm on loop heat exchanger unit condenser pump on condenser UNIT KW (COMP+PUMPS) ECDWT W_PRESS FLOW compressor LCDWT W_PRESS ECLWT W_PRESS FLOW LCLWT W_PRESS on unit evaporator pump on loop evaporator pump evaporator adjust valve to obtain rated gpm loop heat exchanger Figure 5: Test A configuration - Unit under test with integral liquid pumps on. loop condenser pump adjust pump to obtain rated flow rate on loop heat exchanger unit condenser pump off condenser UNIT KW (COMP) ECDWT FLOW compressor LCDWT W_PRESS ECLWT W_PRESS FLOW LCLWT W_PRESS off evaporator unit evaporator pump on loop evaporator pump adjust pump to obtain rated flow rate loop heat exchanger Figure 6: Test B configuration Unit under test with integral liquid pumps off. 14 Test verification Heat Balance method as defined in clause 14.1 and 14.2 shall be used for units of the following types: 23 P a g e

a. Liquid cooled condensers, b. Ducted air cooled condensers, and For the chiller units with air cooled condenser, concurrent redundant instrumentation method as specified in Annexure B shall be used for units of below type: 14.1 Heat balance-substantiating test 14.1.1 Calculation of the heat balance. Heat losses or gains through radiation, convection, bearing friction, oil cooler etc. in most cases is negligible and hence are not be considered in the overall heat balance. By omitting the effects of the negligible heat losses and gains mentioned above, the general heat balance equation shall be as follows: q ev + W input = q cd Where: q ev = Cooling capacity q cd = Heat rejection capacity W input = Compressor work input as defined in 14.1.2 through 14.1.4. 14.1.2 In a hermetic package, where the compressor motor is cooled by refrigerant, chilled liquid or condenser liquid, the motor cooling load will be included in the measured condenser load, hence W input = Electrical power input to the compressor motor, expressed in kw. 14.1.3 In packages using an open-type compressor with prime mover and external gear drive : W input = q prime mover - q gear Where: W input = Power input to the compressor shaft, expressed in kw q prime mover = Power delivered by prime mover, expressed in kw q gear = Friction loss in gear box, expressed in kw The value of q prime mover shall be determined from the power input to prime mover using certified data from the prime mover manufacturer. The value of q gear shall be determined from certified gear losses provided by the gear manufacturer. 14.1.4 In a package using an open-type compressor with direct drive and the prime mover not furnished by the manufacturer: For determination of W input for turbine or engine operated machines, the turbine or engine manufacturer's certified power input/output data shall be used. W input = power input to the compressor shaft, expressed in kw In the case of motor drive: W input = power measured at motor terminals plus power to auxiliaries. 14.1.5 Percent heat balance. Heat balance, in percent, is defined as: 24 P a g e

qev Winput qcd qhrc qcd qhrc 100 The heat balance (percent) shall be within the tolerance calculated per Clause 15. For the applicable conditions for any test of a liquid chilling package unit to be acceptable. 14.2 Verification test tolerance on heat balance. The verification test tolerance shall be determined from the following equation. Where: 10.34 (0.07 % FL) ( DT 830 ) % FL FL % FL = Percent Full-load FL = Load factor DT FL = Difference between entering and leaving chilled liquid temperature at full-load in K. 15 Instrumentation 15.1 Uncertainties of measurement (Permissible variation in measurement) The uncertainties of measurement shall not exceed the values specified in Table 3. Table 3 Uncertainties of measurement for indicated values Measured quantity Unit Uncertainty of measurement Water Temperature Temperature difference Volume flow Static pressure difference C K m³/s [cfm] Pa [psi] 0.1 C [ 0.18 F] 0.1 C [ 0.18 F] 1.0 % of reading 5 pa [0.0196 in] ( p < 100 Pa)[ p < 0.393 in] 5 Pa [0.0196 in] ( p > 100 Pa)[ p > 0.393 in] Air Dry bulb Wet bulb Static pressure difference C C Pa [in. of WC] 0.2 C [ 0.36 F] 0.2 C [ 0.36 F] 5 pa [0.0196 in] Refrigerant Temperature Pressure C kpag [psig] 0.5 C [0.9 F] 1 % of reading Concentration Chilled liquid, other than water. % 2 % Electrical quantities Electric power Voltage Current Frequency 25 P a g e W V A Hz 1 % of reading 0.5 % of reading 1 % of reading 0.5 % of reading

Compressor rotational speed (for open drive only) s -1 0.5 % of reading The cooling capacity shall be determined with a maximum uncertainty of 5% independent of the individual uncertainties of measurement including the uncertainties on the properties of fluids. 26 P a g e

16 Test procedure 16.1 General If chilled liquid other than water is used, the specific heat capacity and density of such liquid shall be determined and taken into consideration in the evaluation. If supplied with the liquid chilling package the test shall include simultaneous determination of the heat reclaim condenser capacity by obtaining the data as defined in Table 4 for heat reclaim condensers. The test shall not be started until all non-condensable have been removed from the system. 16.2 Steady state conditions Steady state conditions is considered obtained and maintained when all the measured quantities remain constant without having to alter the set values, for a minimum duration of 15 minutes, with respect to the tolerances given in Table 4. Periodic fluctuations of measured quantities caused by the operation of regulation and control devices are permissible. However, the mean value of such fluctuations shall not exceed the permissible deviations listed in Table 4. 16.3 Output measurement of cooling capacity For the output measurement it is necessary to record all the meaningful data continuously. In the case of recording instruments which operate on a cyclic basis, the sequence shall be adjusted such that a complete recording is effected at least once every 30 s. The output shall be measured in the steady state condition. The duration of measurement shall be not less than 35 min Table 4 Permissible deviations from set values Quantity Liquid entering temperature leaving temperature volume flow static pressure difference Air Dry bulb temperature Wet bulb temperature Static pressure Refrigerant Saturated discharge temperature Liquid refrigerant temperature Voltage Single / Three phase Frequency Permissible deviation of the arithmetic mean values from set values 0.2 K 0.3 K 2 % - 0.3 K 0.3 K - 0.5 K 1 K 3 % 3 % Permissible deviation of individual measured values from set values 0.5 K 0.6 K 5 % 10 % 1 K 1 K 10 % 1 C 2 C 3 % 3 % 27 P a g e