Models and Institutional Structures for REDD+ in Brazil Osvaldo Stella Coordinator of the Climate Change Program IPAM Itaipava, Julho de 2011
Critical aspects Lack of legal framework or guidelines established by the federal government brings uncertainty, expectations and vulnerability to forest stakeholders (eg indigenous and local communities). Proliferation of REDD+ projects with the use of different methodologies and baselines increases the difficulties in identifying the real impact of the project and potential compensation.
Initiatives National Policy on Climate Change - Law 12187-2009 National REDD+ strategy; Bill 5586 / 2010 and 195/2011; Amazon Fund; State plans; Projects in Indigenous Lands under voluntary market; REDD social and environmental safeguards;
Options related to Forest Carbon Initiatives Forest Carbon Initiatives REDD CDM Regulated Voluntary Only reforestation Projects Voluntary Markets Voluntary Donations Funds
General principles for implementing a REDD strategy REDD must operate on a national scale. REDD must be supported by a effective and permanent forestry legislation. A national REDD regime should incorporate the state plans to reduce deforestation in the Amazonian states. The benefits of REDD should include both emission reduction (flow) and forest conservation (stock).
General principles for implementing a REDD strategy To established who are the beneficiaries of a REDD regime. The benefits from REDD should be distributed fairly, equitably and prudently. Any REDD regime must respect the rights of forest peoples. A strategy for REDD should not overlook the potential investment through the carbon market.
General principles for implementing a REDD strategy A national REDD regime should establish a system to document, record and report the reductions in carbon emissions. The funds from a REDD regime should be invested in integrated actions and policies to reduce deforestation, forest conservation and improvement of the regime itself.
Targets for reducing deforestation in Amazon Target is revised every five years. / year 2,9 billions of tco2 avoided emissions Dados do PRODES TARGETS Média 1996-2005 Simulating Future Deforestation Rates
Distributing avoided tco2 emissions per state - flow Distributing emissions reduction (2006-2020) per state in Amazon, considering only the flow
Distributing C-REDD among Brazilian Amazonian States Distributing C-REDD s for states according to the following criteria: (a) Deforestation reduction (30%) (b) Forestry stocks conservation (50%) (c) Achievement of the targets (20%)
Distributing avoided tco2 per state stock, flow and target Reducing emissions in Amazon per state Stock, Flow and Target approach (2006-2020)
Compare FLOW STOCK, FLOW AND TARGET
C-REDD for Amazonian States 2,9 GtCO2 = 100% Reduction PNMC C-REDD Amazon Fund and Federal Government Strategies PA MT AM RO AC MA TO RR AP Project A Project B TI UC PP Ass 343 292 380 131 86 47 57 64 39 1,45 GtCO2 = 50% 1,45 GtCO2 = 50%
Land tenure classes in Amazon
Distributing the benefits by land tenure classes National Baseline Scenario based on land tenure classes: Protected Areas; Indigenous Lands; Settlements; Public land and private properties.
National REDD Strategy Al Auditoria externa externe
Total distribution of C-REDD of Amazon Reductions achieved by 2020 in Amazon by land tenure classes Protected Areas Indigenous Lands Settlements Public lands and private properties
Total distribution of C-REDD in Amazon Redução das emissões na Amazônia por Estado abordagem categoria fundiária (2006 a 2020) Reducing emissions in Amazon per state land tenure classes approach (2006-2020)
Comparing both approaches Stock, Flow and Target Land tenure classes
REDD Strategy for Brazilian Amazon Nesting Approach Large-scale Subnationals programs linked to a REDD National Scheme: Central legislation social and environmental safeguards MRV Mechanism equitable distribution of benefits to those responsible for forest preservation Another step towards a low carbon emissions economy!
REDD+ in Brazil Thank you for your attention! Questions? Osvaldo Stella Coordinator of IPAM s Climate Change Program osvaldostella@ipam.org.br (61) 3468-2206 www.ipam.org.br