Challenge Science and Technology to supply Basic need and Save Global an Environment Problems( Indonesian case ) By Suhardi Faculty of Forestry Gadjah Mada University Indonesia
Background Indonesia has great problems to supply their basic need. Import of basic need in Indonesia in worst condition and effect to environment problems. The most important for Indonesian basic need is food supply and until 1970 Indonesian use biodiversity for their food supply not only rice.
Background During the dry season the hunger problems arise and caused thousand victims and the problems due to lack of water supply since the forest destruction. In rainy season another problems come such as flooding and landslide. The planting of long live trees and deep root system could reduce the land slide during dry season and also increase the water supply during the dry season.
Background However the other problems of basic need also arise such as timber for construction use, conservation, energy supply but in contrary most of the new plantation established use more for industries and export such as oilpalm, acacia mangium etc. These activities causes another problems since there are about 2.8 million ha per year in 2005 destroyed to supply basic need and illegal logging.
How strategy to solve the problems The long live trees combination with food product such as yam, arrow root, canna edulis,, hundred of medicinal plant and other protein resources could protect the environment, sources of energy and water. Several research and implementation in the field have been started and need further support. That also produce their social need for culture purposes and sources of science and knowledge s.
Recomendation The science and technology policy especially should be concentrated on challenging the developing basic need research and technology to protect further disaster in several location of this region.
Coconut trees and casuarina are survive after tsunami and save many people from tsunami and lack of food; Why?
Casuarina also still survive after tsunami
During wet season Flooding and landslide become great disaster
They started their own disaster by destroyed their environment for the fast income, how to save them environemnt and also their people
All their village are destroyed by their own behaved
Education start from the beginning to get something
This is the result after after years
Education or result or experiences should also extended to the all groups,all ages
The School group children should be targeted for campaign to rehabilitate
They should know that invest of trees or environment also considered their scholarship and become the local course
The education should challenged the awarness of basic need and they learn, practices to complete their need
With local farmer technology transfer
The education of environment agroforestry should also be very clear that this the one of the religion teaching base on the holly Qur an.
Agroforestry as Integrated farming are ideal for futher development including cattle, fruits, vegetables, timber and fish
Education emphasized on agrosylvopasture is better than monoculture
Perbandingan antara tanpa ternak dan dg ternak
Result of rubber and dipterocarp from 2002
Research on mix planting should be developed
Rubber and timber could also be developed
Dipterocarp under rubber
S.Leprosula and S.pinanga under rubber
Shorea leprosula under rubber
4 Years after planting Shorea leprosula
Dipterocarp under rubber
Dipterocarp under oilpalm
Dipterocarp under rubber
Dr Y Lee from NSU at UGM under dipterocarp
Shorea selanica after 16 and 32 years
Shorea selanica 36 years
Urban city in Vietnam should be used for example the increase the productivity and awarness of environment by planting dipterocarp
The city should be romantic and productive and road/city shading should use apropriate trees
The road in Ho Chi Minh Vietnam
Most of road in Indonesia unproductive, destroyed ecosystem and always hot and no fauna
This education should teach them that sources of the income not only from the business in the city abut also in their nature and mostly in the rural
They should not all depend on their bussiness on the road side in the city
Increase the producivity of oilpalm area by timber and water conservation needed to be evaluated by research and technology development
Recreation park biodiversity under oilpalm
Recreation park in oilpalm area with dipterocarp
Recreation park oilpalm and dipterocarp
Arrow root under oilpalm could also be developed for food security
Research and technology food security under oilpalm High food biodiversity should be learnt also by all level of societies
Integrated farming in Alcalic condition Teak and arrow root Teak and canna
Gadung Gembili Sweet potato Huwi
Jack fruit Durian Bread tree (Artocarpus communis) Corn and teak Fruit and food product from forest Teak and cassava
High biodiversity of Vegetables
Cassava, sweet potatoes, gembili for breakfast in Ho Chi Minh
Conclusion 1. Research and technology policy should emphasized on sustainability of basis need 2. Basic need should based on biodiversity on perspective countries 3.Technology share should also based on energy sustainability in each countries or region.