Zero Liquid discharge for the Industrial sector 22.04.2014
Major Concerns... Where is the space for process plant??? Reduce Foot Print
Major Concerns... Can I use treated wastewater somewhere??? Recycle & Reuse of Treated Wastewater
Major Concerns... Can I avoid liquid discharge??? Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD)
Major Concerns... Can I generate/save energy??? Energy Recovery & Maximization of Energy Efficiency
Water & Wastewater Solution
Solutions... Selection of Appropriate Technologies Integrated Design Approach Solution under one roof
Zero Liquid Discharge...
How to Achieve ZLD... STEP 1 Effluent From Process Plant Recovery of solvents by using distillation Process
How to Achieve ZLD... STEP 2 Effluent after Solvent Recovery Removal of Organic Matter by Using Anaerobic Digestion
How to Achieve ZLD... STEP 3 Anaerobically Treated Effluent Removal of Balance Organic Matter by Using Aerobic Digestion
How to Achieve ZLD... STEP 4 Treated Effluent from ETP Clarification by using, tube settler /Clariflocculator
How to Achieve ZLD... STEP 5 Effluent after Clarification Further Reduction in TSS by using Filters
How to Achieve ZLD... STEP 6 Effluent after Filters Reduction in Turbidity and SDI by using Ultra Filtration
How to Achieve ZLD... STEP 7 Effluent after UF Recovery of low TDS Permeate by using RO
How to Achieve ZLD... STEP 8 High TDS Rejects from RO Concentration of RO Rejects by using battery of evaporators
How to Achieve ZLD... STEP 9 Separation of salts from Mother Liquor using Centrifuge In case if advance technologies like MBR is used for the treatment of effluents then 4th to 6th steps can be eliminated Drying of Mixed Salts using ATFD
How to Achieve ZLD... In case if advance technologies like MBR is used for the treatment of effluents then 4th to 6th steps can be eliminated TANK VOLUME Conventional ASP 100% MBR Process 40%
Key Challenges in ZLD... Efficient Treatment for Reduction of COD & BOD High Recovery through RO to reduce load on Evaporation system Highly Corrosive Effluent Material Compatibility at Higher Temperature High Capital Investment Operating Cost for the treatment Turnkey Responsibility
How to Address Challenges... Efficient Removal of COD & BOD - Use of Advance Biological Treatment High Recovery through RO - Use of Proper Pre-treatment - Right Selection of Membranes and RO Configuration Material Compatibility at Higher Temperature - Operate Evaporation System at low temperature High Capital Investment - Use various combination of Evaporators Operating Cost for the treatment - Use innovative approach like TVR or MVR
Solutions... Conventional Falling Film Evaporator Forced Circulation Evaporator Forced Falling Film Evaporator Fluidized Bed Patented Evaporator
Falling Film Evaporator... STEAM VAPORS COND. FEED
Features and Limitations... Better Heat Transfer Coefficient. Low Power consumption. Can be started up quickly and changed to cleaning mode. Useful in heat sensitive chemical solutions Not suitable at higher suspended solid concentration and higher viscosity. Distribution system is critical and can lead to tube fouling in absence of adequate wetting rate. Frequent C.I.P. Required.
Forced Circulation... STEAM VAPORS FEED CONDENSATE CONC. PRODUCT
Features and Limitations... Capable of handling Suspended slurry, Saturated solution & viscous liquids. Can be operated with min temperature differences between the heating media and the boiling liquid. No frequent Scale inside the tubes. High Capital Investment. High Operating Cost. Can be installed vertically as well as horizontally.
Forced Falling Film... LIQUOR IN SHOWER NOZZLE DISTRIBUTOR LIQUOR FILM Tube Wall FALLING FILM UPPER MAIN LIQUOR BOX Condensed Steam Or Vapor On Outside Wall Of Tube LIQUOR VAPOR
Features... All advantages of conventional falling film Evaporation. Comparatively less problem of tube wetting rate due to Spraying Nozzles. Less prone to fouling as compared with Conventional Falling Film Evaporator.
Flubex... Flubex- Concept Recirculating fluidized bed heat exchanger Evaporation by Flashing in Vapor Liquid Separator. Fluidizing medium in Tube. Self-cleaning action.
Flubex...
Flubex... Continuous self-cleaning action avoid scaling. No Frequent C.I.P. Less generation & disposal problem of C.I.P. Effluent. No standby unit required. Lesser floor space.
Advanced Technology... ECOPHOTOx... Photo - Light (Photon) Oxidation - Addition of Oxygen Pollutant and oxidant are elevated to an activated state wherein the oxidation rate increases multifolds. As a result, the COD contributing molecules are broken down, oxidised and leave the effluent stream in the form of CO2 and H2O Complex Organic Compounds UV Activation Oxidant Intermediates UV Activation Oxidant CO 2 + H 2 O
What is ECOPHOTOx It destroys/treats non-biodegradable organic contaminants present in wastewater, which are generally represented as Recalcitrant Chemical oxygen demand. It enhances the oxidation rate with the help of ultraviolet light in presence of oxidizing chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone etc Praj Industries Ltd www.praj.net 32
What is ECOPHOTOx Exposing H 2 O 2 to Ultraviolet radiation generates OH radical. H2O2 + light energy (hv) - - - - - - - 2*OH OH radical (hydroxyl radical) is powerful but relatively non-selective transient oxidizing species. *OH has the highest thermodynamic oxidation potential. Most environmental contaminants react 1 million to1 billion times faster with *OH than with O 3 - a conventional oxidant. Praj Industries Ltd www.praj.net 33
What is ECOPHOTOx Oxidant OH 2.80 O( 1 D) 2.42 O 3 2.07 H 2 O 2 1.77 Perhydroxy Radical Oxidation Potential 1.70 Permangante Ion 1.67 Chlorine Dioxide 1.50 Chlorine 1.36 O 2 Oxidation Potential Unit 1.23 - (ev) 2 Praj Industries Ltd www.praj.net 34
Flubex Installation...
MVR Based Evaporator Installation.. Steam less Evaporation Stripper for Process Condensate Recyclable quality of process condensate Concentrate having high calorific value use as a fuel
Evaporator Plant Installation.. Recovery of Globur Salts (Na2SO4.10 H2O) Selling at handsome price Smart Payback
3 Effect TVR Based MEE.. Recovery of NaCl Salts Selling at handsome price Smart Payback
Other Technologies in Basket.. Advanced Anaerobic Digestion Advanced Aerobic System (MBBR, SBR, MBR etc) All types of Membrane Applications Ozonation
Solution under One Roof.. More than 600 references in 50 countries
Thank you Manish Kharwade manishkharwade@praj.net Praj Industries Ltd www.praj.net