The Role of Thermal Modelling In the Design Process Date 30 th September 2009 Peter A. Brown CEng MBA
Introduction The Importance of Modelling: Relative Measurement - Design Options and Features Assumptions - INCLUDING THE WEATHER! New Build & Refurbishment Technical / Client Requirements Carbon Critical Design Evolving Design Process
Concept Design Crude Load Analysis Options Form, Layout, Orientation & Servicing Strategies Metrics: Peak Plant Load, Daylighting & Energy Consumption Capital and Whole Life Cost Carbon Impact of Structure (Thermal Mass) Façade Design and Shading Specific Requirements Developing an Energy Strategy, e.g. to Include Renewables
Case Study 1 - Bahrain Residential Concept
Scheme Design Plant Loads for Central Plant and Main Service Sizing Dynamic Analysis Steady State Analysis Analysis of Façade and Shading Thermal Daylighting Compliance / Design Requirements Checks
Case Study 2 Office Block N. Africa, Scheme Design Typical Mid Level Office Plan Core Lettable Office Space
15 Ju l 17: 00 N 15 Ju l 17: 00 N 15 Ju l 17: 00 N 15 Ju l 17: 00 N 30/09/2009 The Role of Thermal Modelling Case Study 2 Office Block N. Africa, Scheme Design Suncast image: View time = 15 Jul 17:00 Site Latitude = 32.67 Longitude diff. = -1.85 Model Bearing = 41.50 Sun: azi = 279.73 alt = 26.31 Eye: azi = 140.00 alt = 40.00 sun eye Suncast image: View time = 15 Jul 17:00 Site Latitude = 32.67 Longitude diff. = -1.85 Model Bearing = 41.50 Sun: azi = 279.73 alt = 26.31 Eye: azi = 140.00 alt = 40.00 sun eye Suncast image: View time = 15 Jul 17:00 Site Latitude = 32.67 Longitude diff. = -1.85 Model Bearing = 41.50 Sun: azi = 279.73 alt = 26.31 Eye: azi = 140.00 alt = 40.00 sun eye Suncast image: View time = 15 Jul 17:00 Site Latitude = 32.67 Longitude diff. = -1.85 Model Bearing = 41.50 Sun: azi = 279.73 alt = 26.31 Eye: azi = 140.00 alt = 40.00 Standard Glazing Improved Glazing Added Walkway Added Shading sun eye
Case Study 2 Office Block N. Africa, Scheme Design 350 300 Solar gain total (MWh) 250 200 150 100 50 0 1 option 1 option 2 option 3 option 4 Options
Detailed Design Detailed Load Analysis Complex Studies e.g. Atria Natural Ventilation Analyses Air Flow Rates, IAQ, Overheating Plant, Unit and Service Sizing Daylighting Factors Compliance Calculations Part L Criteria 1 & 3 BB101 EPC s Required for Part L 2010
For Refurbishment Case Study 3 - Dining Hall Performance Studies Evaluation of Design Options
Technical Compliance Case Study 4 - Historic Records Centre One Model, Specific Requirements at Concept Stage Dynamic Load Analysis Plant Loads Thermal Retention / BS5454 Compliant Carbon Critical / Part L Benchmark Daylighting Assessment
Technical Compliance Case Study 4 - Historic Records Centre Thermal Retention, 17 C Set point, Turned Plant Off for 5 Days 18 C After 2 Days Peak Temperature: 18.35 C DRT 18.4 18.38 C Air 18.2 18.0 Temperature ( C) 17.8 17.6 17.4 17.2 17.0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 01 Date: Sun 01/Jul to Tue 31/Jul
Carbon Critical Design Using Carbon as a Design Factor, Equivalent to Time, Cost, CDM and H&S
Carbon Critical Design Case Study 1 - Bahrain Residential DSM Can be Used as a Tool to Evaluate in Operational Carbon Terms: Architecture Form, Material & Glazing Strategy Structure Optimise Thermal Mass Building Services Strategy and Renewables Zero Pavilions, Four Towers, 16 Duplex Apartments
Carbon Critical Design Case Study 1 - Bahrain Residential 250 200 Passive (Operational) 66% of Baseline Active (Operational) 26% of Baseline 1,100 1,050 Carbon Dioxide 150 100 50 1,000 950 900 Cost 0 850-50 800 Improvement Operational Embedded Capital Cost
Carbon Critical Design Case Study 1 - Bahrain Residential
An Evolving Design Process - BIM Building Services Design Thermal, Energy & Daylighting Other Disciplines Architecture Structural Design Centralised Building Model Financial Modelling Structural Analysis Documentation Visualisation Virtual Building
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