An Overview of New York City s Connected Vehicle Pilot Deployment Project Bob Rausch, PE (TransCore, NYC CVPD) ITS Texas 2016 1
TODAY S AGENDA Purpose of this Presentation To share an overview of the project. To share some challenges To share some lessons learned 2
Connected Vehicle Pilot Deployment PILOT SITES ICF/Wyoming DOT 12 Months 20 Months 18 Months NYCDOT Sep 2015 Sep 2016 Oct 2016 May 2017 Jun 2017 Nov 2018 Concept Development Design/Deploy/Test Operate & Maintain Three Phase, 50 month, Program We are ready for deployment Tampa (THEA) 3
Project Overview 4
Project Goal New York City is aggressively pursuing Vision Zero Traffic Death and Injury on City streets is not acceptable Vision Zero Goal : to eliminate traffic deaths by 2024 CV technology is another potential tool for the Vision Zero initiative. The project will evaluate the safety benefits and challenges of implementing CV technology with a significant number of vehicles in the dense urban environment. 5
Project Objectives Support the Vision Zero initiative by providing drivers with information regarding potential safety situations Provide the opportunity for selected NYC fleets to be early adopters of this safety-focused technology Provide feedback on the benefits experienced with the deployment of the CV technology in NY City Support the overall CV technology implementation by providing project experience & feedback regarding the challenges and opportunities for implementing this technology in a dense urban environment 6
Stakeholders Source: USDOT Taxi & Limousine Commission Fleet Owners Fleet Technology Providers NYCDOT Bureau of Traffic Operations NYCDOT Fleets Department of Sanitation Fleet Operations Metropolitan Transportation Authority / NYC Transit UPS (United Parcel Service) for Manhattan New York State Motor Truck Association Pedestrians for Accessible and Safe Streets (PASS) Source: USDOT Sourc e: 7 USDO
Needs Summary (Systems Engineering Process) Safety Manage speed (25 MPH city-wide except Fwy) Reduce crashes vehicle-to-vehicle crashes pedestrian injuries crashes & injuries at intersections crashes involving buses crashes of vehicles with infrastructure Inform drivers of serious travel restrictions System Management Protect privacy Collect performance metrics (safety benefits, traffic conditions) Manage apps in the urban environment (traffic and geometries) Manage and monitor operational integrity of the system Support OTA software and parameter updates 8
CV Deployment Equipment Up to 8,000 fleet vehicles with Aftermarket Safety Devices (ASDs): ~5,850 Taxis (Yellow Cabs) ~1,250 MTA Buses ~ 500 Sanitation & DOT vehicles ~ 400 UPS vehicles Pedestrian PIDs ~100 units Roadside Units (RSU) at ~353 Locations ~202 Manhattan Ave ~ 79 Manhattan Cross ~ 28 on Flatbush Ave ~ 8 on FDR ~ 36 Support locations (airports, river crossings, terminal facilities) Source: USDOT 9
Locations (Manhattan, Brooklyn) Manhattan V2V applications work wherever equipped vehicles encounter one another. V2I applications work where infrastructure is installed (highlighted streets) The CV project leverages the City s transportation investments Source: NYCDOT 10
Support RSUs Include Airport Taxi Holding Areas 11
Overall Project Concept Source: NYCDOT 12
Field Infrastructure Concept Source: NYCDOT 13
ASD Context Generic context for the OBU to be used for the NY Project. Data and operations management at the TMC 14
CV Applications - 1 Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Safety Applications Vehicle Turning Right in Front of Bus Warning Forward Collision Warning Emergency Electronic Brake Light Blind Spot Warning Lane Change Warning/Assist Intersection Movement Assist VTRW FCW EEBL BSW LCA IMA V2V applications based on existing demonstrations and prior developments and documentation 15
CV Applications - 2 Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Safety Applications Red Light Violation Warning Speed Compliance Curve Speed Compliance Speed Compliance/Work Zone Oversize Vehicle Compliance Prohibited Facilities (Parkways) Over Height RLVW SPD-COMP CSPD-COM SPDCOMPWZ OVC Emergency Communications and Evacuation Information (Using the traveler information features) EVACINFO V2I applications based on existing demonstrations and/or modifications to prior developments and documentation 16
CV Applications - 3 Other Applications Mobile [Visually Impaired] Ped Signal System PED-SIG Pedestrian in Signalized Intersection Warning PEDINXWALK CV Data for Intelligent Traffic Signal System I-SIGCVDAT Operations, Maintenance, and Performance Analysis RF Monitoring RFMON OTA Firmware Update FRMWUPD Parameter Up/Down Loading PARMLD Traffic data collection TDC Event History Recording EVTRECORD Event History Up Load EVTCOLLECT To Meet USDOT Requirements for Benefit Analysis 17
Challenges - Everywhere Stakeholder privacy concerns vs. USDOT desire for broad evaluation data Stakeholder requirements to avoid distracting cockpit displays Density of Roadside DSRC Transponders (RSU) ~76 M for short blocks DSRC Nominal 300M ~200 M for the long blocks (between avenues) Bandwidth limitations of the wireless backhaul (RSU to TMC) Ongoing maintenance and support (in-vehicle and infrastructure) of the large scale deployment (8,000+ Vehicles and ~370 RSUs) *Security Credential Management System SCMS* for all applications & DSRC Over-the-air (OTA) certificate distribution OTA [DSRC] data collection bandwidth limited OTA [DSRC] software updates OTA [DSRC] parameter management Location accuracy in the urban canyons (both relative V2V and absolute V2I) 18
Fundamental Approach Protect the privacy of the travelers (i.e. drivers, pedestrians, others) We collect no personal (driver) information DSRC only communications Plan on using 6 channels: safety channel, control channel, service channels Use large number of fleet vehicles generate significant interactions for the CV applications Purchase COTS CV applications with the ASDs and RSUs Minimize development risks and schedule risks Manage the CV applications (Tune) Adjust operation for the congested traffic environment of NYC Measure system performance Benefits Maintenance Support Leverage existing standards, existing infrastructure, and knowledge base 19
The Approach Focus on proven Safety Applications BAA stressed that R&D has shown the benefits time for deployment Pilot Deployment will evaluate the benefits on a much larger scale dense urban situation Leverage existing safety applications (demonstrated) Modify several existing applications to encourage speed compliance Note that the City reduced city-wide speed from 30 MPH to 25 MPH! Use the Systems Engineering Process to: Develop operations and maintenance applications Develop pedestrian applications Develop data collection applications [for benefits analysis] Develop benefit evaluation applications 20
New York City CV Pilot Deployment Project Concept of Operations Performance Measurement Overview Overview 21
Performance Metrics and Evaluation Methods (PMEM): Manage Speeds User Need Manage Speeds Category Safety, Mobility NYCDOT Needs Discourage Spot Speeding Performance CV Application No. Performance Measure Metrics Question for Evaluation Evaluation Method Speed Compliance 1a Number of stops (average and distribution measures) 1b Speeds (average and distribution measures) Does speed limit adherence and speed variability within the vehicle fleet on a given study roadway segment for a given time period AL; MS FD; SD; MS 1c Emissions (cycle length basis) decrease from MS 1d Reduction in speed limit violations 1e Speed variation the Before period to the Pilot period, and from control group to AL; MS FD, SD 1f Vehicle throughput (average and distribution measures) the treatment group? Is this accompanied by an overall FD; MS 1g Driver actions and/or impact on actions in response to issued warnings increase, decrease or no change in average segment speed? AL External (non-cv) Roadway / Operations Data Leveraged Studied roadway section speeds from other available travel time datasets (analysis should focus existing travel time segments, e.g. corresponding to MIM segments) Safety Safety Improve Curve Speed 2a Speed related crash counts, by severity Do the number of curve speed FD Truck safety Compliance 2b Vehicle speeds at curve entry violations on each applicable AL 2c Lateral acceleration in the curve studied roadway segment AL 2d Driver actions and/or impact on actions in response to issued warnings 2e Number of curve speed violations at each instrumented location decrease from the Before period to the Pilot period, and from control group to the treatment group? AL AL Improve Speed 3a Speed in work zone (average and Do the number of workzone FD; AL Work Zone Compliance / distribution measures) speed violations on each Safety Work Zone 3b Speed variation (distribution) at work zone applicable studied roadway FD; AL 3c Number of vehicle speed limit violations in segment decrease from the FD; AL variable speed zone areas Before period to the Pilot period, 3d Work Zone-related crash counts in reduced and from control group to the FD speed zones, by severity treatment group? 3e Driver actions and/or impact on actions in AL response to issued warnings Roadway curve alignment data, posted speed; Weather data; Curve segment speeds from other available travel time datasets Workzone roadway section speeds from other available travel time datasets; workzone geometry - if available (closures, tapers, lane shifts, etc.) Method Legend: AL = Action Log, FD = Field Data, MS = Modeling & Simulation, SD = CV System Data 22
Data Collection Methodology Event data Operations data NYC CVPD Performance Metrics & Simulations Independent Evaluator RDE (selections) 23
NYC CV Pilot Impact Evaluation Design Phase 2 ( * ) Phase 3 24
Example of Event Logging 25
Obfuscation of ASD Action Logs for Privacy Raw ASD Action Log Data Obfuscated ASD Action Log Data Obfuscate Time and Location Warning at 7:32:45 AM at 40.744891,73.976167 degrees Warning at time=0 (0.000, 0.000) feet Obfuscation process to scrub precise time and location data Relative details retained Non-obfuscated data will be destroyed following the obfuscation process 26
New York City CV Pilot Deployment Project Concept of Operations Deployment Plan Overview 27
Our Team NYCDOT: single prime contractor for NYC CVPD Phase 2 and 3 Key staff Project Management Lead: Mohamad Talas, Ph.D., P.E., P.T.O.E. Site Deployment Lead: Robert G. Rausch, P.E. Systems Engineering Lead: David A. Benevelli, P.E. TransCore 28
Key Subcontracts Firm Expertise Primary Project Role JHK Engineering (TransCore) Cambridge Systematics KLD Engineering Security Innovations University Transportation Research Center* (UTRC) * Includes NYU & SUNY NYC Traffic Control System (TCS) and NYCWiN integration Systems engineering FHWA Standards development Performance measures NYC simulation modeling Industry leader in commercial vehicle and freight-related CV development NYC adaptive TCS NYC simulation modeling Industry leader in CV security issues including SCMS Performance measures and evaluations using multi-data collection methodology Accredited Institutional Review Board (IRB) Outreach and training Oversight for all Subcontractors & Tasks Site Delivery Lead System Engineering Lead Design Installation Planning Procurement Support Testing Project Management Support Performance Measurement Design Support Architecture Support NYC Infrastructure Integration Security Data Privacy IRB Training Outreach Performance Measurement Support 29
Phase 1 Deliverables Concept of Operations Security Management Operating Concept Safety Management Plan Performance Measurement Plan System Requirements Application Deployment Plan Human Use Approval Summary Training and Education Plan Partnership Status Summary Outreach Plan Comprehensive Deployment Plan Deployment Readiness Summary Twelve Major Deliverables, multiple webinars, MANY meetings and reports Published on USDOT CV Website: http://www.its.dot.gov/pilots/index.htm 30
Phase 2 Schedule Phase 2 Started September 1, 2016 Internal Planning Session September 14-15, 2016 Official Kick Off September 23, 2016 Twenty (20) Months (18 left!) Ends Late April 2018 31
Deployment Approach Turn-key ASD and RSU equipment Multiple stage delivery Prototypes (14 week development and 12 week install/test) Initial order (first 1000 production units) Bulk order (remaining production units) Concept: Verify the hardware platform early and use OTA updates (firmware, parameters) to verify the applications Installation time for fleets this large takes time (estimate from other s experience and measure actuals) 32
Early Lessons 33
Lesson 1: Privacy Privacy is a critical issue for our stakeholders. It is more complex than NYCDOT and USDOT previously imagined. Plan additional time for understanding the issues, formulating workable solutions, and negotiating agreements with the many stakeholders. Data collection schemes need to be tempered by the privacy issues. Deployment of a production CV system is different from an R&D platform! 34
Lesson 2: Field Devices From a local level transportation agency s perspective, in a mature CV environment the agency would typically not be supplying/procuring the vehicle resident CV system components (ASD, OBU) and their safety applications. Without the necessary tools, procuring these end devices requires considerable resources and technical capability. Prepare for this using a system engineering approach. Insist on release of fundamental operating requirements for existing applications including test procedures! Anticipate needs such as: Standard procurement specification for the equipment (Assume devices bought COTS ). Requirements, performance criteria, and objective test procedures for the CV applications. Facilities for performing objective tests. Test tools such as exercise software that can be used by vendors! 35
Lesson 2: Field Devices One application, three different experiences 1) Your Grandmother would be comfortable 2) It does its job as you gasped that it felt close 3) Its aggressive and all passengers looking for their virtual brake pedal Different parameter tuning, different experience Confirmed the need for parameter profiles based on facility types, location, etc. Source: TransCore Source: NYCDOT 36
Lesson 3: Stakeholder Engagement Stuff happens Priorities and relationships evolve Actively manage your contact with stakeholders and stay on top of events Phase 2&3 Outreach Activities/Outputs will include: Website Press Conferences & Releases Operational Capability Showcase Project Video Conferences Social Media Project Brochure Fact Sheet 37
Next Steps Procurement of ASDs, RSUs and Ped Devices Specifications are being reviewed Update technical specifications Finalize MOUs Work with each partner to finalize deployment planning Inventory Vehicle types Identify needs of each installation kit Develop installation and test procedures Develop maintenance support plan 38
Thank you! Questions? Bob Rausch Robert.Rausch@transcore.com 39
STAY CONNECTED Contact for CV Pilots Program: Kate Hartman, Program Manager Kate.Hartman@dot.gov Join us for the Getting Ready for Deployment Series Discover more about the CV Pilot Sites Learn the Essential Steps to CV Deployment Engage in Technical Discussion Recent CV Pilot Sites Webinars August 19, 2016 1:00 2:00 pm EDT Tampa (THEA) Comprehensive Deployment Plan Webinar August 22, 2016 1:00 2:00 pm EDT ICF/WYDOT Comprehensive Deployment Plan Webinar August 22, 2016 3:00 4:00 pm EDT NYCDOT Comprehensive Deployment Plan Webinar CV Pilot Sites Document Repository http://www.its.dot.gov/pilots/cv_pubs.htm Website: http://www.its.dot.gov/pilots Twitter: @ITSJPODirector Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/usdotresearch Please visit the CV pilots website for the recording and the briefing material of the previous webinars: http://www.its.dot.gov/pilots/technical_assistan ce_events.htm 40