ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION SOLUTIONS PASSIVE FIRESTOPPING SOLUTIONS www.fire-and-security.co.za @FSDistributors
ACTIVE vs PASSIVE. What s The Difference? Active fire protection These systems are classified as those systems which seek to extinguish the fire through: Detecting the fire early and evacuating the building. Sprinklers, Hose Reels, Extinguishers etc Alerting emergency services at an early stage. Passive fire protection These systems are those solutions that seek to contain the fire by: Delaying the growth of the fire. Delaying the collapse of the building structure with fire rated structural columns, so fire services can safely move throughout the building to extinguish the flames.
ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION General Detection Conventional & Addressable: Fire Control Panels Detectors Manual Call Points Gas Extinguishing Control Units Sirens Sounder Beacons Fire Bells PH30 Electrical Fire Rated Cable
ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION Specialist Detection Aspirating Smoke Detection Cold rooms / Warehouses / Data centres / Museums / Hospitals / Spas Addressable Line Type Heat Detection Conveyor belts / Tunnels / Waste processing / Food processing / Aggressive gas areas / Car parks Robust Metal Sensing Tube Detection Harsh environments / Areas where not only weather and harsh gases but also rodents are a problem
ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION Fire Suppression Internationally Tested and Certified Aerosol Fire Suppression Fixed and portable units Applications Normally unoccupied enclosed spaces including: Sub stations Power Generation Plants Engine rooms Generator rooms Transformer rooms Archives Storage areas MCC cabinets / In cabinet suppression Marine applications
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LIFE SAFETY Emergency Lighting LED Emergency Lighting and Exit signs Simplified wiring no 230V mains wiring IP interface Maintained or non-maintained operation LED technology Minimal energy consumption Separate common mounting base for each device
Intumescent Coatings Intumescent coatings for structural steel Intumescent coatings for timber Intumescent coatings for electrical cabling Can the same intumescent coating be used for all of the above?
Penetration Seals 2 hour fire rated Intumescent coated Rockwool batt board 4 hour fire rated Acrylic Mastic Sealant 2 hour fire rated pipe collars and pipe wraps Load bearing 2 hour fire rated compound Linear gap sealant Intumescent sealant Does installing a 2 hour fire rated batt board mean you have a 2 hour fire rated penetration seal?
Penetration Seals
Fire Curtain 2 hour fire rated Fixed Installation fire curtain Used for cavity barriers 2 hour fire rated Auto Drop Down / Auto retract fire curtain Linked to detection system
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FIRESTOPPING What and Why? The fundamental purpose of fire protection systems whether active or passive is to: 1. Prevent the fire or smoke from hindering evacuation of the building. 2. To delay the spread of smoke and fire throughout the building structure reducing damage to both it and surrounding buildings. 3. To help prevent or reduce the risk of collapse making it safer for the emergency services to carry out any rescue work and tackle to fire upon arrival.
FIRESTOPPING When you don t
What do the Building Regs require? Means of escape Sections 4.16, 4.19 & 4.21 Control Internal fire spread linings Control Internal fire spread - structure External fire spread - fire compartmentation Access and facilities for the emergency services
Protection of the Structure Intumescents: An intumescent is a substance that swells as a result of heat exposure, thus increasing in volume, and decreasing in density. Intumescents require listing and approval through fire testing according to a specific standard carried out by a recognised 3 rd party test facility.
Protection of the Structure Intumescents for Structural Steel: All materials weaken with increasing temperature and steel is no exception. Strength loss for steel generally begins at about 300ºC and increases rapidly after 400ºC. 550ºC is considered to be the failure temperature for structural steel. Some failure temperatures can be as high as 750ºC or even higher for partially exposed members. The purpose of an Intumescent coating is to keep the steel temperature below that steel members failure temperature for as long as the fire rating required by the building regulation code or rational fire design if one has been done.
Protection of the Structure Intumescents for Structural Steel: The Intumescent process provides a thick layer of char which thermally insulates the substrate it is applied to
Protection of the Structure Some characteristics of Intumescents: Char Development Intumescence begins at a steel temperature of about 250 300 C It may be rapid (10 mins) or slow (up to 90 mins) Char Thickness Expansion ratios vary from 3 times to 100 times For a typical 60 minute product: 1 mm DFT becomes over 50 mm For a typical 120 minute product: 4 mm DFT becomes about 80 mm Char Properties It is a low density foam. Early in a fire test it is black, carbon rich, soft and stretchy Post test it is white, very light and fluffy
Intumescents Water and solvent based Coatings for steelwork. S707 & SC801 intumescent for internal steel S708 intumescent for semi-exposed steel S605 & S606 intumescent for exposed steel protection
Intumescent Application TOPSEAL - Protective sealer coat Protects and seals the basecoat. BS4800 & RAL colours available BASECOAT Intumescent Fire Protection Up to 2 hour Fire Rating rating. Can be applied by Brush/roller/spray PRIMER - Corrosion Protection Protects steel from corrosion. Must be compatible with Nullifire basecoat ( Some primers have an over coating adhesion problem)
What to remember When designing a steel structure keep the following in mind: Each different steel section will have it s own intumescent loading The lighter the steel section the more intumescent it will require 120 minute loading is not double that of a 60 minute loading Contact a very experienced supplier or applicator to calculate and advise on the loadings and steel sections before finalising your design FSD offer this service at no cost The applied intumescent must be inspected and signed off by the Building Control Officer. The Fire Department will want to see the Intumescent test reports as well as the calculated and measured DFT s
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Wood Intumescent Is there a difference? Wood is flammable. Steel, not so much So your concerns are very different, stop the wood from burning for as long as possible. Intumescent for timber has a very different chemical composition. Intumescent for timber is designed to start intumescing at between 120 and 150 C. Steel Intumescent only starts to Intumesce at over 300 C. Can the same intumescent coating be used for steel & wood? No! It cannot
Wood Intumescent Designed & tested specific for timber coating and fireproofing Dependent on the type and density of the wood we can achieve either Class 0 spread of flame, 30 minute or 60 minute fire rating The type and density of the wood will determine the spread rate required to achieve either 30 minute or 60 minute fire rating BS476 tested and certified for upgrading fire doors, wooden floors and wooden ceilings and beams The Fire Department will want to see the Intumescent test reports specific to timber as well as the required spread rate as per manufacturers recommendations.
Wood Intumescent Bottega Wine Farm Restaurant All internal wooden beams and ceilings required a 60 minute fire rating. Envirograf HW02E clear wood intumescent was test applied and approved @ a spread of 8m²/L
Penetration Seals WHAT IS AND WHEN IS FIRE STOPPING REQUIRED To reinstate the Integrity and Insulation of a fire resisting element of construction at positions where typically substrates abut or have been compromised by services or voids A Fire Stop is a passive fire protection system of various components used to seal openings and joints in fire rated wall and/or floor assemblies, based on testing and certification Unprotected openings in fire separations void the fire-resistance ratings of the fire separations that contain them, allowing spread of fire past the limits of the compartment line. Fire Stops are designed to reinstate the fire resistance of rated wall and/or floor assemblies by impeding the spread of fire through the opening by filling the openings with fire resistant materials
Penetration Seals WHAT TO CONSIDER WHEN WRITING YOUR FIRESTOP TENDER SPEC Fire Test Data Orientation (Floor /Wall) Has the system been tested in this orientation? Substrate (Block wall/ Plasterboard/Curtain Wall) Integrity Insulation Other Issues Cold Smoke Seal Affect Of The Surrounding Areas Movement Services (including support of)
Fire testing approvals BS476- Part 20-1987 General Requirements BSEN1363-1999 General Requirements BSEN1366-3-2009 -Penetration Seals BSEN1366-4-2006- Linear Joint Seals EN13501-2:2007 Classification of Fire Performance
Fire testing approvals THIRD PARTY ACCREDITED PRODUCTS Products must satisfy the requirements of onerous technical standards Test samples audited from source prior to fire test Regular FPC audits Annual audit fire tests Ensure the products are fit for purpose Raising the bar within the industry
What is the aim? The overall aim is to contain the fire by: 1. Delaying the growth of the fire 2. Controlling the movement of fire and smoke 3. Restricting fire propagation 4. Preventing the collapse of the structure All products fall into one of three broad categories as follows: Penetration Seals Linear Gap Seals Large Cavity Barriers
How to select the correct product? What fire resistance is required? Integrity Insulation In what orientation is the Fire Stop to be installed How big is the opening Are there any additional requirements (movement, cold smoke seal, acoustic etc) What kind of services if any are penetrating the opening How many are there? What size are they? Is the proposed Fire Stop system suitable for use within the intended elements of construction FIT FOR PURPOSE
PASSIVE FIRESTOPPING ABLATIVE COATED BATTS Description High density ablative coated mineral fibre batts 1.20m x 0.60m, 50mm and 60mm thick Application Masonry walls/floors, plasterboard partitions Penetration sealing Checklist Has the product been tested in the required substrate Is a single or double board required Have the edges been coated with acrylic sealant Is the board tightly fitted into the aperture
PASSIVE FIRESTOPPING HIGH STRENGTH STRUCTURAL FIRE RATED COMPOUND Description 1900Kg/m3 gypsum based structural compound Mixed with water to provide pourable mix Application Masonry floors Penetration sealing including dampers Load bearing floor seals up to 1800mm effective span Checklist What services are passing through the openings Will the form work support the wet weight of the seal
PASSIVE FIRESTOPPING PIPE COLLAR & WRAP Description Steel surface mounted case, filled with Intumescent Self adhesive intumescent wrap Available up to 600mm Application Masonry, plasterboard partitions (Collars) Cast inside masonry floors/walls, coated board Checklist Is the specified pipe compatible with the chosen product Are the correct size product available Have correct fire rated fixings been sourced
PASSIVE FIRESTOPPING GRAPHITE SEALANT Description Graphite based Intumescent sealant For penetration sizes up to 90mm Application Masonry floors/walls, plasterboard partitions Penetration sealing Checklist Is the specified pipe compatible with the chosen sealant Do you require backing material Do you have sufficient annular space
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