Robbie Louw Director Promethium Carbon South Africa

Robbie Louw Director Promethium Carbon South Africa

Content Background to Carbon Tax in SA Scope 1 Emissions Scope 2 Emissions Scope 3 Emissions Carbon footprint tool

SA Timeline to low carbon economy A Framework For Considering Marketbased Instruments To Support Environmental Fiscal Reform In SA (April 2006 ) Carbon Tax Discussion Paper (December 2010) National Climate Change Response White Paper (October 2011) National Development Plan 2030 (August 2012) Likely introduction of carbon tax (1 January 2015) Long Term Mitigation Scenarios (October 2007) Defining South Africa s Peak, Plateau & Decline GHG trajectory (June 2011) Carbon tax announcement in Budget Speech (February 2012) Caron Tax Policy Paper (May 2013) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Historic Forecast

2012 Budget Speech The proposed design features include: Basic tax rate of R120/ton CO 2 e Emissions threshold of 60% (adjustable), below which the tax will not be payable. A higher tax-free threshold for businesses with process emission, with consideration given to the limitations of certain sectors. Additional relief for trade-exposed sectors. The use of offsets by companies to reduce their carbon tax liability.

May 2013 Policy Paper Taxed on direct emissions 1 Jan 2015 2020: basic tax-free threshold of 60% 5-10% for emission-intensive & trade-exposed industries Carbon tax rate of R120 per ton CO 2 increasing at 10 % per year Energy-efficiency tax incentive A portion of the revenues generated through the carbon tax will be shifted or recycled. Phasing out of the electricity levy??

Emissions and boundaries Source: GHG Protocol, Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Accounting and Reporting Standard

Scope 1 Emissions Taxed at R120 per ton above 60% threshold Allowances for: Trade exposure Maximum 10% Process emissions Maximum 10% Offsets between 5% and 10% Maximum threshold 90% Effective tax rate between R12/ton (at 90% threshold) and R48/ton (at 60% threshold)

Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions Carbon Tax Structure Relief 10% for trade exposed 40% @ R120/t Relief 10% for process emissions 20% @ R120/t 60% @ zero Effective rate of R48/t 60% @ zero Effective rate of R24/t

Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions Carbon Tax Structure Relief 10% for trade exposed 40% @ R120/t Relief 10% for process emissions 15% @ R120/t 60% @ zero Effective rate of R48/t Threshold +5% 65% @ zero Effective rate of R18/t

Scope 2 Emissions Taxed in Eskom s hands Electricity Pricing Policy allows Eskom to pass through all taxes to users Rate and threshold at R120/ton and 60% Eskom has no access to relief mechanisms Offset costs in Eskom s hands not tax cannot be passed through automatically

Background to CO 2 in electricity: Nersa Reason for Decision Multi Year Price Determination 2013/14 to 2017/18 Nersa Policy Recommendations: o Electricity should be Value Added Tax (VAT) exempt o The environmental levy should be used to fund IPP development instead of imposing an additional 3% on the electricity price increase o Taxes/ fiscus should fund the build programme rather than the electricity tariff.

Carbon priced into electricity Year 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 MWh energy demand R million cost approved for RE IPP 272,964 278,589 284,450 289,983 4 240 13 243 16 386 19 689 RE IPP Cost R/ton CO 2 * 17 52 63 75 Non-renewable levy 3.5c/kWh * 38 38 38 38 Carbon Tax * * 48 53 53 Total carbon cost 56 139 155 171 * Calculated using emission factor from Carbon Tax Policy paper 0.91 t CO 2 /MWh * * R120 on 40% escalating at 10% per year

Carbon priced into energy at R48/ton

Scope 3 Emissions Your suppliers are going to try to pass on the effect of the carbon tax Your customers are going to refuse to let you pass the costs on to them Cost pressure Cost pressure Make sure you understand your Scope 3 emissions!

Carbon footprint analysis tool www.carbontax.co.za

Carbon tool analysis Requirements for mandatory reporting Requirements for the submission of GHG mitigation plans Carbon tax impacts: Scope 1 emissions Access to relief measures Impacts of offsets Scope 2 emissions Access to relief measures Impacts of offsets www.carbontax.co.za

Thank you for your time Robbie Louw 082 557 8646 0861 CARBON www.promethium.co.za