Towards Sustainable Water Resource Management Actions & Programmes of UNESCO in Asia Pacific Han Qunli UNESCO Office, Jakarta Contribute to the UN World Water Assessment Programme Water for People Water for Life 1 st UN World Water Development Report (2003) 1
Contribute to the UN World Water Assessment Programme Water: a shared responsibility 2 nd UN World Water Development Report (2006) 2
UNESCO Science Programmes 2002-2007: A top priority: Water and Associated Ecosystems IHP - International Hydrological Programme UNESCO IHP The Programme started as the International Hydrological Decade (IHD, 1965-1974) and was followed by the International Hydrological Programme (IHP) in 1975 Execution in phases of a 6-year duration, using working groups, symposia, workshops, publications and extrabudgetary research and capacity building projects Over 140 IHP National Committees, governed by IHP Council meeting every two years, and regional IHP Committees 3
UNESCO IHP The current phase of IHP, IHP-VI, covering the period 2002-2007, is devoted to "Water Interactions: Systems at Risk and Social Challenges". IHP-VI topics on hydrologic research, water resources management and education are framed in five themes Theme 1 - Global Changes and Water Resources Theme 2 - Integrated Watershed and Aquifer Dynamics Theme 3 - Land Habitat Hydrology Theme 4 - Water and Society Theme 5 - Water Education and Training Major achievements Numerous hydrological maps for water-short developing countries and standardized mapping techniques Documentation on regional water balance Techniques for evaluating impacts of water projects such as dams and reservoirs New techniques for measuring sedimentation in freshwater rivers and lakes Training, and regional research projects and networking 4
Scientific publications Catalogue of Rivers for Southeast Asia and the Pacific 5 catalogues (Vol. I-II-III- IV-V), 115 basins from 13 countries Asian Pacific Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data (AP FRIEND) Launched in 1997 with the 1st Phase ended in 2002, - publication of the report of 1 st phase. International collaborative project of IHP, involving 13 countries in Asia-Pacific region. Primary objective to improve understanding of hydrological variability and similarity across time and space in order to develop hydrological science and practical design methods Currently (phase 2) working on rainfall database and intensity of flood durations 5
Diverse technical training courses Training at Institute for Infrastructural, Hydraulic and Enviromental Engineering, Netherlands AP serial training courses at the Institute of Hydrospheric-Atmospheric Sciences of the Nagoya University in Japan Reginal thematic training courses (groundwater, hydrological data base management, etc.) Training at Institute of Sedimentation, China Training course on the management of tropical lakes and reservoirs at Bogor, Indonesia Community-based Flood Mitigation, Bidara Cina, Jakarta, Indonesia The flood mitigation project is intended to strengthen the capacity of local community, particularly who live in large urban areas to cope with recurrent floods. 6
Community-based Flood Mitigation, Bidara Cina, Jakarta, Indonesia Knowledge and awareness raising through training on preparedness, search and rescue, post-flood health management, waste management and leadership training, through community gathering and simulation exercises by using participatory approach. Aquifer Recharge Project, Binh Thuan Province, Vietnam system rehabilitation uhhan1 7
Slide 14 uhhan1 The Binh Thuan Province is located along the coastal plain in the lower part of Central Eastern Viet Nam. Before 1975 the area was covered by a dense tropical forest, which was clear-cut to make room to rice fields (which were never developed) and massive desertification resulted. Due to an uneven rainfall distribution and a four months period (from December to March) characterized by very little precipitation, the area suffers considerable water shortage during the dry season. Han Qunli, 3/22/2006
Community Water Supply and Sanitation in Siberut, Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra, Indonesia The project was carried out using a participatory bottomup approach: all community members were directly involved in designing and building the water supply system and its regulation for the maintenance of the facility. Maileppet Community Water Supply and Sanitation in Siberut, Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra, Indonesia Rokdok, 2003 All primary responsibilities regarding project management were assumed by the local community through the water management committee. This process helped to guarantee the integration between scientific knowledge and customary practices in developing sustainable community-based water management practice in an indigenous setting. 8
UNESCO Science Programmes: Top Priority: Water and Associated Ecosystems MAB Man and the Biosphere Programme 9
Different systems are referred now, such as WWF Eco-region, BD Hotspots, etc. 482 Biosphere World Water Reserves Day, UNESCAP, Bangkok, in the 22 world March 2006(102 countries) Tonle Sap BR (1997) Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve, Cambodia, 1997 10
Large wetlands at Lao - Cambodia border Siphandone Area as well as Xe Piane wetland For Biosphere Reserve and Ramsar sites Map from ABC Protected Areas Systems Review of the Indo-Malayan Realm (Lao and its neighbours) Ecohydrology application in wetlands of Mekong 11
Toba Lake - Indonesia A river basin based PA strategy taking into account the biological, hydrological but particularly socio-economic, cultural context needed. 12
WORLD HERITAGE: Culture and Nature Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra supports water for more than 10 million people 13
14
Water a shared responsibility UNESCO is working with its Member States and other UN Agencies to fulfill its part of responsibility through its mandates 15