CONSUMER BEHAVIOR

CONSUMER BEHAVIOR 2017-2018 Richard K. Miller & Associates 12 th Edition September 2016 eisbn: 9781577832430 558 pages PART I: THE AMERICAN CONSUMER 1 DEMOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW 1.1 Population Distribution 1.2 Median Age 1.3 Births 1.4 Generational Demographics 1.5 Race/Ethnicity Distribution 1.6 Overall Demographic Distribution 1.7 Market Resources 2 CONSUMER INCOME & WEALTH 2.1 Household Income 2.2 Income Distribution 2.3 Income By State 2.4 Household Wealth 2.5 Poverty And Economic Insecurity 2.6 Market Resources 3 CONSUMER DEBT 3.1 Household Debt 3.2 Mortgage Debt 3.3 Credit Card Debt 3.4 Student Loans 3.5 Medical Debt 3.6 Market Resources 4 HOUSEHOLDS & HOUSING 4.1 Households 4.2 Shared Households 4.3 Home Ownership vs. Renting 4.4 U.S. Housing Inventory 4.5 New Homes And Multi-Family Units 4.6 Housing Affordability 4.7 Vacation Homes 4.8 Home Improvement 4.9 Market Resources

5 COMMUNITIES 5.1 Where People Live 5.2 Population Growth Trends 5.3 Most Desirable Places To Live 5.4 Satisfaction With Communities 5.5 Generational Preferences 5.6 Important Community Attributes 5.7 Market Resources 6 URBAN & RURAL POPULATIONS 6.1 Overview 6.2 Population Counts 6.3 Suburbs And Exburbs 7 WHERE PEOPLE WANT TO LIVE 7.1 Most Desirable States 7.2 Most Desirable Cities 7.3 Reasons For Wanting To Move 8 POPULATION MIGRATION 8.1 Overview 8.2 Migration Trends 8.3 Reasons For Moving 8.4 Moving In Retirement 8.5 Metropolitan Relocation 8.6 Relocation Reports 8.7 Market Resources 9 PERSONAL LIFE 9.1 Satisfaction With Personal Life 9.2 Personal Financial Situation 9.3 Economic Well-Being 9.4 Happiness 9.5 Stress 9.6 Personal Health 9.7 Weight Control and Dieting 9.8 Exercise And Fitness 9.9 Eating 9.10 Alcohol Consumption 9.11 Travel 9.12 Charitable Giving 9.13 Volunteering 9.14 Market Resources

10 PERSONAL WELL-BEING 10.1 Overview 10.2 Well-Being by State 10.3 Well-Being by Metro 10.4 Well-Being Among Older Adults 10.5 Market Resources PART II: SPENDING 11 CONSUMER SPENDING 11.1 Consumer Contribution to the GDP 11.2 Spending Assessment 11.3 Spending Trends 11.4 Consumer Price Index 11.5 Market Resources 12 RETAIL SPENDING 12.1 The U.S. Retail Sector 12.2 GAFO Spending 12.3 E-Commerce 12.4 Back-to-School 12.5 Christmas Season Holiday Spending 12.6 State-by-State Retail Spending 12.7 Market Resources 13 ENTERTAINMENT & LEISURE SPENDING 13.1 Expenditures On Leisure Activities 13.2 Market Resources PART III: ACTIVITIES 14 USE OF TIME 14.1 Americans Use of Time 14.2 Older Americans 14.3 Students 14.4 Market Resources 15 USE OF MEDIA & THE INTERNET 15.1 Time Spent Using Media 15.2 Internet Access 15.3 Home Broadband 15.4 Smartphone Use 15.5 Online Activities 15.6 Cross-Platform Access Of Content 15.7 Market Resources

16 CULTURAL ACTIVITIES 16.1 Public Participation In The Arts 16.2 Performing Arts Activities 16.3 Survey Of Metropolitan Areas 16.4 Market Resources 17 LEISURE ACTIVITIES 17.1 Time Spent On Leisure Activities 17.2 Top 10 Leisure Activities in 17.3 Favorite Leisure Activities 17.4 Leisure Activities For Millennials 17.5 Leisure Time For Seniors 17.6 Vacations 17.7 Market Resources 18 SPORTS & RECREATION ACTIVITIES 18.1 Conditioning and Fitness 18.2 Individual Sports 18.3 Racquet Sports 18.4 Team Sports 18.5 Outdoor Sports 18.6 Water Sports 18.7 Market Resources 19 AWAY FROM HOME 19.1 Overview 19.2 Airports 19.3 Bars 19.4 Coffeehouses And Sandwich Shops 19.5 Convenience Stores 19.6 Drug Stores 19.7 Fast Food And Casual Dining Restaurants 19.8 Gas Stations 19.9 Grocery Stores 19.10 Health Clubs 19.11 Large Retail or Department Stores 19.12 Movie Theaters 19.13 Public Transportation 19.14 Shopping Malls 19.15 Stadiums And Arenas 20 WORK 20.1 The American Workforce 20.2 Time Spent Working 20.3 Job Satisfaction 20.4 Workplace Flexibility

20.5 Working At Home 20.6 Market Resources 21 USE OF TECHNOLOGY 21.1 Market Assessment 21.2 Technology Device Ownership 21.3 Consumer Use Of CE Products 21.4 Category Assessment 21.5 Technology Impact 21.6 Market Resources 22 USE OF TRANSPORTATION 22.1 Overview 22.2 Driving 22.3 Vehicle Ownership 22.4 Air Transportation 22.5 Private Aviation 22.6 Rail Transportation 22.7 Intercity Bus Transportation 22.8 Public Transit 22.9 Market Resources PART IV: SHOPPING BEHAVIORS 23 IN-STORE SHOPPING 23.1 Preference For In-Store 23.2 Shopping Centers 23.3 How America Shops 23.4 The In-Store Experience 23.5 Self-Service 24 ONLINE SHOPPING 24.1 Why People Shop Online 24.2 Characteristics Of Online Shopping 24.3 Expectations Online 24.4 Selecting An Online Retailer 24.5 Shopping On Social Sites 24.6 Buying Direct From Brands 25 MOBILE SHOPPING 25.1 Overview 25.2 Market Assessment 25.3 Mobile-Deiven Retail Purchases 25.4 Use Of Mobile Devices For Online Purchases 25.5 Customer Service For Mobile Shoppers 25.6 In-Store Mobile

26 PEER-TO-PEER SHOPPING 26.1 Overview 26.2 Market Assessment 26.3 Consumer Participation 26.4 Consumer Response 26.5 Consumer Attitudes 26.6 Economic Impact 27 OMNICHANNEL SHOPPING 27.1 Overview 27.2 Web-Influenced Retail Sales 27.3 Customer Preference For Omnichannel Retail 27.4 Cross-Channel Shopping 27.5 Buy Online, Pick Up In-Store PART V: BEHAVIORAL ANALYSES 28 BRAND LOYALTY 28.1 Brand Preferences 28.2 Brand Attributes 28.3 Store Brands 28.4 Brand Loyalty In Travel 28.5 Increasing Brand Loyalty 29 BUYING AMERICAN-MADE 29.1 Preference For U.S.-Made Products 29.2 Buying American By Product Type 29.3 Market Resources 30 BUYING LOCAL 30.1 Buying Local 30.2 Locally Sourced Food Products 30.3 Buy Local Initiatives 31 CONSUMER CONFIDENCE 31.1 Overview 31.2 Consumer Comfort Index 31.3 Consumer Confidence Index 31.4 Consumer Sentiment Index 31.5 Current Economic Conditions 31.6 Economic Confidence Index 32 CUSTOMER SATISFACTION 32.1 Overview 32.2 Factors Contributing To High Customer Satisfaction 32.3 Market Resources

33 ETHICALLY CONSCIOUS CONSUMERISM 33.1 Trust In Business 33.2 Corporate Social Responsibility 33.3 Use Of Products With An Environmental Benefit 33.4 Ethical Influence On Purchase Decisions 34 GIFT GIVING 34.1 Overview 34.2 Characteristics of Gift Giving 34.3 Gift Cards 34.4 Responsible Gift Giving 34.5 Wedding Gift Giving 34.6 Graduation Gift Giving 34.7 Returning Gifts 35 LOYALTY PROGRAM PARTICIPATION 35.1 Participation 35.2 Customer Incentives 35.3 Effectiveness 35.4 Sector Assessment 36 PAYMENT PREFERENCES 36.1 Comparison Of Payment Methods 36.2 Credit and Debit Cards 36.3 How Americans Pay Their Bills 36.4 Point-Of-Sale Payments 36.5 Online Retail Payments 36.6 Proximity Mobile Payments 36.7 Market Resources 37 PRICING 37.1 Overview 37.2 Dynamic Pricing 37.3 Price-Matching 37.4 Personalized Pricing 37.5 Pricing Market Research 37.6 Pricing Research Centers 38 PRIVACY ISSUES 38.1 Overview 38.2 Identity Fraud and Theft 38.3 Attitudes About Privacy 38.4 Online Privacy 38.5 Mobile Privacy 38.6 Whom Do Consumers Trust?

39 PURCHASE DECISION MAKING 39.1 Top Priorities 39.2 Deciding Where To Shop 39.3 Trust in Shopping Recommendations 39.4 Influence Of Social Media 39.5 Shopper Decision Priorities 39.6 Deals and Bargains 39.7 Impulse Buying 39.8 Checkout 39.9 Brand Engagement 39.10 Buying Direct From Brands 40 RESPONSE TO ADVERTISING 40.1 Preferred Media For Ads 40.2 Positive Response To Ads 40.3 Negative Response To Ads 40.4 Response to Irrelevant Ads 40.5 Ignoring Ads 40.6 Ad Influence On Millennials 41 RESPONSE TO CUSTOMER SERVICE 41.1 Impact of Good Customer Service 41.2 Impact of Poor Customer Service 41.3 Impact By Segment 41.4 Factors Contributing To Good Customer Service 42 RESPONSE TO REVIEWS 42.1 Online Consumer Reviews 42.2 Online Research 42.3 Posting Reviews 42.4 Travel Reviews 42.5 Consumer Electronics Reviews 43 RESPONSE TO VISUALS 43.1 Overview 43.2 Response to Visuals 43.3 Eye Tracking 43.4 Response to Color 44 SHOPPING RESEARCH 44.1 Product Research 44.2 Cross-Channel Research 44.3 Comparison Shopping Websites 44.4 Research Via Mobile Devices

45 SPENDING FOR GOODS VS. EXPERIENCES 45.1 A Shift From Goods To Experiences 45.2 Purchase Satisfaction 45.3 Research Findings 46 THEME APPEAL 46.1 Overview 46.2 Themes That Resonate Most 46.3 Theme Preferences by Generation PART VI: AFFLUENT CONSUMERS 47 AFFLUENCE PROFILE 47.1 Overview 47.2 Upper-Class Consumers 47.3 Affluent Consumers 47.4 Wealthy Consumers 47.5 Rich and Ultra-rich Consumers 47.6 Spending By High-Net-Worth Households 48 POPULATION CENTERS OF U.S. AFFLUENCE 48.1 Most Affluent ZIP Codes 48.2 Most Expensive ZIP Codes 48.3 Millionaire Households By State 48.4 Millionaires By Metropolitan Area 48.5 Market Resources 49 AFFLUENT E-COMMERCE 49.1 Shopping Channels of the Affluent 49.2 Market Assessment 49.3 M-Commerce 50 AFFLUENCE MARKET RESEARCH 50.1 Overview 50.2 Research Organizations and Publications 50.3 Market Resources PART VII: MIDDLE-CLASS CONSUMERS 51 DEFINING THE MIDDLE CLASS 51.1 Income-Based Definitions 51.2 Self-Identification As Middle Class 52 MIDDLE CLASS FALLING BEHIND 52.1 Trend Assessment 52.2 Decline Of Middle-Income Households

52.3 Decline In Wealth 52.4 Demographic Shifts 53 INCOME & WEALTH INEQUALITY 53.1 Overview 53.2 Economic Inequality Assessment 53.3 Analysis For Major U.S. Cities PART VIII: BRAND PREFERENCE SURVEYS 54 BRAND EQUITY 54.1 Overview 54.2 Top Brands Among Adults 54.3 Market Resources 55 BRAND INDEX 55.1 Overview 55.2 Buzz Ranking 55.3 Market Resources 56 CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE 56.1 Overview 56.2 Temkin Ratings 56.3 Top Rated by Sector 56.4 Market Resources 57 CUSTOMER LOYALTY ENGAGEMENT 57.1 Overview 57.2 Customer Loyalty Engagement Rankings 57.3 Market Resources 58 CUSTOMER SATISFACTION 58.1 Overview 58.2 ACSI Scores 58.3 Market Resources 59 REPUTATION RANKING 59.1 Overview 59.2 Rankings 2016 59.3 Market Resources PART IX: ETHNIC FOCUS 60 AFRICAN-AMERICAN CONSUMERS 60.1 Overview 60.2 Profile

60.3 Households, Income, and Expenditures 60.4 Buying Power 60.5 Population Centers 60.6 Use Of Media 60.7 Market Resources 61 ARAB-AMERICAN CONSUMERS 61.1 Overview 61.2 Profile 61.3 Buying Power 61.4 Population Centers 61.5 Market Resources 62 ASIAN-AMERICAN CONSUMERS 62.1 Overview 62.2 Profile 62.3 Households, Income, and Expenditures 62.4 Buying Power 62.5 Educational Attainment 62.6 Population Centers 62.7 Recent Population Growth 62.8 Market Resources 63 HISPANIC- & LATINO-AMERICAN CONSUMERS 63.1 Overview 63.2 Profile 63.3 Households, Income, and Expenditures 63.4 Buying Power 63.5 Population Centers 63.6 Hispanic Use Of Media 63.7 Bicultural Hispanics 63.8 Market Resources 64 JEWISH-AMERICAN CONSUMERS 64.1 Overview 64.2 Profile 64.3 Buying Power 64.4 Population Centers 64.5 Market Resources 65 MUSLIM-AMERICAN CONSUMERS 65.1 Overview 65.2 Profile 65.3 Buying Power 65.4 Population Centers 65.5 Market Resources

66 NATIVE-AMERICAN CONSUMERS 66.1 Overview 66.2 Profile 66.3 Buying Power 66.4 Population Centers 66.5 Market Resources PART X: GENDER FOCUS 67 FEMALE CONSUMERS 67.1 Profile 67.2 Working Women 67.3 Mothers 67.4 Working Mothers 67.5 Engaging Moms 67.6 Affluent Women 67.7 Purchase Decision Making 68 MALE CONSUMERS 68.1 Profile 68.2 Fathers 68.3 Blurring Gender Roles 68.4 Activities Among Young Men 68.5 Purchasing Decision Making PART XI: GENERATIONAL FOCUS 69 GENERATIONAL COMPARISONS 69.1 Overview 69.2 Unique Characteristics 69.3 Generational Self-Identification 70 SENIOR CONSUMERS 70.1 Profile 70.2 Daily Activities 70.3 Living Arrangements 70.4 Working Seniors 70.5 Buying Power 70.6 Financial Challenges 70.7 Media Activities 70.8 Trends 71 BABY BOOMER CONSUMERS 71.1 Profile 71.2 Generational Characteristics 71.3 Media Activities 71.4 Trends

72 GENERATION X CONSUMERS 72.1 Profile 72.2 Generational Characteristics 72.3 Affluent Gen Xers 72.4 Spending Behaviors 72.5 Media Activities 72.6 Trends 72.7 Looking Ahead 73 MILLENNIAL CONSUMERS 73.1 Profile 73.2 Generational Characteristics 73.3 Impact Of The Great Recession 73.4 Millennial Households 73.5 Affluent Millennials 73.6 Shopping Attitudes 73.7 Use Of Digital Media 74 GENERATION Z CONSUMERS 74.1 Profile 74.2 Activities 74.3 Spending Behaviors 74.4 Use Of Media 74.5 Market Resources PART XII: SEGMENTATION 75 COLLEGE STUDENTS 75.1 Student Population 75.2 Spending 75.3 Financial Management 75.4 Use Of Technology 75.5 Marketing To College Students 75.6 Market Resources 76 CONSUMERS WITH DISABILITIES 76.1 Profile 76.2 Market Assessment 76.3 Marketing To People With Disabilities 76.4 Market Resources 77 FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN 77.1 Profile 77.2 Working Parents 77.3 Cost Of Raising Children 77.4 Shopping And Spending Characteristics 77.5 Inter-Generational Households 77.6 Stepfamilies

77.7 Market Trends: Adult Children At Home 77.8 Centers For Family Research 78 FAMILY CAREGIVERS 78.1 Profile 78.2 Eldercare 78.3 Demographics Of Caregivers 78.4 The Cost Of Caregiving 78.5 Support For Caregivers 78.6 Market Resources 79 IMMIGRANT CONSUMERS 79.1 Profile 79.2 Second-Generation Americans 79.3 U.S.-Born Children 79.4 Life In The U.S. 79.5 Assimilation 79.6 Future Growth 79.7 Market Resources 80 LGBT CONSUMERS 80.1 Profile 80.2 Coming Out Survey 80.3 Same-Sex Marriage 80.4 Buying Power 80.5 Population Centers 80.6 Activities 80.7 Internet Usage 80.8 Market Resources 81 MARRIED COUPLES 81.1 Profile 81.2 Buying Power 81.3 Trends 81.4 Research Centers 82 MILITARY CONSUMERS 82.1 Active Personnel 82.2 Veterans 82.3 Buying Power 82.4 The Military Exchange System 83 PET OWNERS 83.1 Overview 83.2 Pets Owner Demographics 83.3 Pets As Family 83.4 Spending On Pets 83.5 Market Resources

84 RETIREES 84.1 Profile 84.2 Retiree Consumers 84.3 Saving For Retirement 84.4 Post-Retirement Spending 84.5 Financial Security 84.6 Primary Influences On Age Of Retirement 84.7 Trends in Retirement and Semi-Retirement 84.8 Market Resources 85 SINGLE CONSUMERS 85.1 Overview 85.2 Single-Person Households 85.3 Cohabitation 85.4 Spending Power 85.5 Singles Geodemographics 85.6 Market Resources PART XIII: GEODEMOGRAPHICS 86 MEGAPOLITAN REGIONS 86.1 Overview 86.2 Megapolitan Regions Defined 86.3 Regional GDP 86.4 Population Projections 86.5 Market Resources 87 METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS 87.1 Overview 87.2 MSA Populations 88 METROPOLITAN ECONOMIC PROFILES 88.1 Overview 88.2 Income Tiers By Metro 88.3 Market Resources 89 MICROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS 89.1 Overview 89.2 ìsa Populations 90 STATE POPULATION PROFILES 90.1 Overview 90.2 State Populations 90.3 Median Age 90.4 Racial and Ethnic Distributions 90.5 Diversity

91 STATE ECONOMIC PROFILES 91.1 Median Household Income 91.2 Personal Income 91.3 Unemployment Rate APPENDIX A - ACADEMIC RESEARCH CENTERS APPENDIX B - ANALYSTS APPENDIX C - ASSOCIATIONS APPENDIX D - BLOGS APPENDIX E - GOVERNMENT AGENCIES APPENDIX F - MARKET RESEARCH SOURCES APPENDIX G - PERIODICALS APPENDIX H - RESEARCH STUDIES & SURVEYS REFERENCES