Climate and Biodiversity a comparison between IPCC and IPBES Ulf Molau Dept. of Biological and Environmental Sciences Göteborg University, Sweden
Synopsis A quick chronology IPCC CBD and IPBES The comparison
Brief chronology
Where it all started: 1972: Stockholm the first global environment conference The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (UNCHE)
1988 IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change First assessment report (1990) SAR 1995 TAR 2001 AR4 2007 AR5 2013-14 AR6 ca. 2021
1992 The Rio Conference COP-1 The Rio Declaration Agenda 21 (on sustainable development) UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change CBD Convention on Biological Diversity
2005 The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) Highlighting Ecosystem services Based on the ecosystem approach
Intergovernmental science-policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services IPBES Established April 2012 (Panama City)
From science to policy-making Scientific data and reports (incl. grey literature ) IPCC IPBES SBSTA SBSTTA UNFCCC CBD
IPCC
IPCC s Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) 2013-14 WG I The Physical Science Basis (Sept 2013) WG II WG III Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability Mitigation of Climate Change Synthesis Report - Summary for Policymakers (October 2014)
IPCC AR5 WG2 report March 2014 Impacts on environment and society
IPCC AR5 WG2 structure Chapters: 1. Point of departure 2. Foundations for decisionmaking 3. Freshwater resources 4. Terrestrial and inland water systems 5. Coastal systems and low-lying areas 6. Ocean systems 7. Food production systems and food security 8. Urban areas 9. Rural areas 10. Key economic sectors and services
IPCC AR5 WG2 structure Chapters: 11. Human health 12. Human security 13. Livelihoods and poverty 14. Adaptation needs and options 15. Adaptation planning and implementation 16. Adaptation opportunities, constraints, and limits 17. Economics of adaptation 18. Detection and attribution of observed impacts 19. Emergent risks and key vulnerabilities 20. Climate-resilient pathways
IPCC AR5 WG2 structure Chapters: 21. Regional context 22. Africa 23. Europe 24. Asia 25. Australasia 26. North America 27. Central and South America 28. Polar Regions 29. Small Islands 30. Open Oceans Summary for Policymakers
IPCC special reports SREX 2012 (on extreme events) IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC) 2017-2019
CBD The UN convention on biological diversity
The 2011-2020 Strategic Plan including the Aichi Biodiversity Targets 5 strategic goals and 20 targets http://www.cbd.int/doc/strategic-plan/2011-2020/aichi-targets-en.pdf
Nagoya 2010 (CBD COP-10) The 2020 Aichi Targets The Nagoya Protocol (ABS) TEEB final report (The Economics of Ecosystems & Biodiversity)
Aichi Targets Five main strategic goals: A. Awareness (targets 1-4) B. Maintenance (targets 5-10) C. Safeguarding (targets 11-13) D. Enhancing (targets 14-16) E. Capacity building (targets 17-20)
Items under CBD at present Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Global Taxonomy Initiative Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) Traditional ecological knowledge (art 8j) Ecosystem services Biofuels Invasive species Biodiversity and Climate Change Forest biodiversity Agricultural biodiversity Marine and coastal biodiversity
Items under CBD at present Mountain Biodiversity Arctic Biodiversity Small islands biodiversity Biodiversity of arid and semi-arid areas Ecosystem restoration Protected areas Incentive measures Global Biodiversity Outlook
IPBES
The 4 functions of IPBES: 1. Assessment 2. Knowledge generation 3. Policy relevant tools and methods 4. Capacity building
Assessments: Thematic Regional Global
Thematic assessments: (ongoing, 2015 2017) Pollinators, pollination and food production Land degradation and restoration Invasive alien species and their control Sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity
Regional assessments: (ongoing, 2015 2018) Africa The Americas Asia and the Pacific Europe and Central Asia
IPCC AR5 WG2 structure Chapters: 21. Regional context 22. Africa 23. Europe 24. Asia 25. Australasia 26. North America 27. Central and South America 28. Polar Regions 29. Small Islands 30. Open Oceans Summary for Policymakers
IPCC vs. IPBES
Similarities IPCC - IPBES Science and scientist driven Bottom-up approach Collating, evaluating, and synthezising Policy advisory, not policy descriptive
Dissimilarities and unresolved items IPCC - IPBES Definition of regions The global assessment Involvement of ILK Lack of established liason IPCC-IPBES
From science to policy-making Scientific data and reports (incl. grey literature ) IPCC IPBES SBSTA SBSTTA UNFCCC CBD
Thank you!