Beyond Pipe and Pond Research Based Stormwater System Design August 9, 2010
Agenda for the Day Introduction UNHSC: UNHSC: A Resource A for Independent Data Data Unit (UOPs) Unit Operations & Processes (UOPs) Break UNHSC UNHSC Performance Data Data Lunch Effective SWM Case Studies Studies Site Design Site Assessment Break Assessment Challenge Continued Group Group Debrief & Discussion 2
Introduction Name Affiliation What is YOUR biggest challenge in implementing advanced stormwater designs? 3
Why We re Here Goal of Clean Water Act is to delist Something isn t working Water Quality is Declining 4
What Can Be Done? EPA can/will enforce regulations Clean Water Act Phase II Antidegradation TMDLs Residual Designation Authority & Engineers can change the way they do business! 5
Why You re Here Gain a competitive advantage Overcome technical barriers to effective design Learn how to use UNHSC data to make your job easier Apply what you learn to real world designs 6
Materials We Will Use Today 7
Agenda for the Day Introduction UNHSC: UNHSC: A Resource A for Independent Data Data Unit Operations & Processes (UOPs) Break UNHSC Performance Data Lunch Effective SWM Case Studies Site Design Assessment Break Assessment Continued Group Debrief & Discussion 8
University of New Hampshire Stormwater Center Providing Data to Protect Water Quality Since 2004 9
Why the Center Was Created Three-Year Study of Conventional Systems 10
Study Found That 34% Of the time systems offered some kind of treatment 26% Of the time systems did nothing 40% Of the time systems exported more pollutants Systems failed 2/3 of the time! 11
Outcome of Study Conventional approaches not adequate Innovative approaches could be more effective More science & evaluation was needed. UNHSC was created 12
Who We Are scientists technicians educators 13
What We Do BMP Performance Monitoring 14
Site Location UNHSC Site 15
BMP Performance Monitoring Research Field Facility at UNH Tc ~ 19 minutes Watershed Boundary UNHSC Research Facility Bioretention Retrofit Tree Filter Porous Asphalt 16
BMP Performance Monitoring 17
BMP Performance Monitoring How We Evaluate Systems 18
BMP Performance Monitoring What We Look For 19
What We Do: Outreach Data Reports Web Resources BMP Fact Sheets Workshops Design Specs Journal Articles 20
Outreach Not a One Way Street 21
What We Do: Targeted Research pavement sealants cold climate thermal impacts 22
Training Partners 23
Questions? 24
Agenda for the Day Introduction UNHSC: A Resource for Independent Data Unit Operations Unit & Processes (UOPs) (UOPs) Break UNHSC Performance Data Lunch Effective SWM Case Studies Site Design Challenge Break Assessment Continued Group Debrief & Discussion 25
Stormwater Outreach Can Be Challenging Because we don t always speak the same language Swale Permeable Retention Interlocking Pond Concrete Detention Pavers Pond Permeable Subsurface Permeable Interlocking Detention Interlocking Concrete Water Concrete Pavers Quality Inlet Pavers Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavers Downstream Defender Bio-Swale Naturalized Basin Permeable Interlocking Permeable Concrete Interlocking Pavers Concrete Pavers Storm Trooper Vort-Sentry V2B1 Permeable Interlocking Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavers Concrete Bay Pavers Saver Bioretention Permeable Permeable Interlocking Rain Interlocking Garden Concrete Concrete Pavers Tree Filter Pavers Filtera Sand Filter Delaware Austin ADS StormTech Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavers Gravel Wetland Permeable Stormwater Interlocking Wetland Concrete Surface PaversWetland Pervious Permeable Concrete Interlocking Porous Asphalt Concrete Pavers Constructed Wetland 26
Imagine the Ultimate System Sonic Swirl Enforcer It Cleans! It Disinfects! It Will Get eliminating everything in it s path You the Job! 27
Now Consider Bioretention 28
No Need to Reinvent this Wheel Use Unit Operations & Processes (UOPs) Physical Operations Biological Processes Chemical Processes Hydrologic Operations 29
Physical UOPs Sedimentation Enhanced Sedimentation Filtration Screening
Biological UOPs Vegetative Process Microbial Process
Chemical UOPs Sorption Antibacterial Flocculation Coagulation
Hydrologic UOPs Flow Alteration Volume Reduction
Using UOPs to Meet Your Challenges Number of UOPs that can Sediment solve & associated ALL of pollutants your problems: Sedimentation, filtration Nitrogen Vegetative uptake & microbial processes Phosphorus Sorption & vegetative processes Water quantity management flow alteration, volume reduction 34
Combining UOPs within Systems Contaminant 1 Contaminant 2 Contaminant 3 Pretreatment Primary Treatment Secondary Treatment 35
Combining Systems to Get the UOPs You Need 36
Questions? 37
Agenda for the Day Introduction UNHSC: A Resource for Independent Data Unit Operations & Processes (UOPs) Break UNHSC Performance Data Lunch Effective SWM Case Studies Site Design Assessment Break Assessment Continued Group Debrief & Discussion 38
Agenda for the Day Introduction UNHSC: A Resource for Independent Data Unit Operations & processes (UOPs) Break UNHSC UNHSC Performance Data Data Lunch Effective SWM Case Studies Site Design Assessment Break Assessment Continued Group Debrief & Discussion 39
Putting UOPs into Practice 40
Environmental Site Design Factors to Consider Resource conservation (watershed & site) Minimization (site level) Strategic timing (watershed & site level) Integrated management practices (site level) Pollution prevention 41
Conserve Good Soils Minimize Cut and Fill use existing contours to the maximum extent August 9, 2010 Conserve sensitive resources
Minimize Impervious Surface Utilize or Infiltrate Rooftop Minimize end of pipe treatments
Systems We Will Cover Retention pond Swales Hydrodynamic separators Porous pavements Subsurface manufactured systems Bioretention systems Subsurface gravel wetland
Retention Ponds 45
Pond Design 46
Retention Pond Hydraulic Performance 47
Retention Pond Water Quality Treatment % Removal Efficiency 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 48
Retention Pond Water Quality Treatment 49
Swales stone-lined vegetated filter berm retrofit 50
Swale Design 51
Hydraulic Performance of Swales Vegetated Swale Hydraulic Performance Stone-lined Swale Hydraulic Performance Inflow Effluent 52
Swale Water Quality Treatment % Removal Efficiency 100 90 80 70 Stone Swale Veg Swale Berm Swale 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 53
Hydrodynamic Separators (HDS) 54
HDS Design 55
HDS Hydraulic Performance The effect of T and [Cl - ] is to nearly double the settling time from 1.6 to 3.4 cm/sec 56
HDS Water Quality Treatment % Removal Efficiency 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 57
58
Porous Pavements 59
Porous Pavements Design 60
Hydraulic Performance of Porous Pavements Pervious Porous Concrete Asphalt Hydraulic Performance 61
Subsurface Filtration/ Infiltration System Water Quality Treatment % Removal Efficiency 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Porous Asphalt Pervious Concrete 62
Subsurface Manufactured Systems filtration detention / infiltration 63
Stormtech Detention/ Infiltration System Design
Subsurface Detention / Infiltration Hydraulic Performance 65
ADS Detention / Infiltration Design
Subsurface Manufactured Filtration System Design
Subsurface Filtration/ Infiltration System Water Quality Treatment % Removal Efficiency 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 ADS StormTech AquaFilter 68
Bioretention Systems tree filters bioretention 69
Bioretention System Design 70
Bioretention System Hydraulic Performance 71
Bioretention System Water Quality Treatment % Removal Efficiency NA 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Bio I Bio II Tree Filter 72
Subsurface Gravel Wetland 73
Subsurface Gravel Wetland Design 74
Subsurface Gravel Wetland Hydraulic Performance 75
Gravel Wetland Water Quality Treatment % Removal Efficiency 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 76
Side by Side. How do they compare?
TSS % Removal Efficiency TSS Removal Efficiencies 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
DIN % Removal Efficiency DIN Removal Efficiencies 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
TP % Removal Efficiency TP Removal Efficiencies 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Questions? 81
Agenda for the Day Introduction UNHSC: A Resource for Independent Data Unit Operations & Processes (UOPs) Break UNHSC Performance Data Lunch Effective SWM Case Studies Site Design Challenge Break Assessment Continued Group Debrief & Discussion 82
Agenda for the Day Introduction UNHSC: A Resource for Independent Data Unit Operations & Processes (UOPs) Break UNHSC Performance Data Lunch Effective SWM Case Studies Study Site Design Assessment Break Assessment Continued Group Debrief & Discussion 83
Agenda for the Day Introduction UNHSC: A Resource for Independent Data Unit Operations & Processes Break UNHSC Performance Data Lunch Effective SWM Case Studies Site Design Site Assessment Break Challenge Continued Group Debrief & Discussion 84
Site Design Assessment 85
Group Presentations
Predevelopment Conditions
Conventional Design
Hybrid Design
LID Design
Peak Flow Control (cfs) 2 YR 3.1 10 YR 4.7 25 YR 5.2 50 YR 6.1 100 YR 6.25 Predevelopment 5.21 5.21 14.73 14.73 18.13 18.13 24.58 24.58 25.69 25.69 Conventional Hybrid 5.18 12.39 14.95 19.81 20.64 5.18 12.39 14.95 19.81 20.64 5.06 13.17 16.06 21.5 22.43 5.06 13.17 16.06 21.5 22.43 LID 3.84 10.24 12.92 17.64 18.43
Groundwater Recharge Volume (cf) Required for 1 event Achieved Predevelopment NA NA Conventional 0 1,693 Hybrid 1,684 6,684 LID 1,087 8,232
Water Quality Treatment (%) Removal Efficiency TSS RE TN RE TP RE Postdevelopment Annual Load No BMPs (lbs) Conventional Annual Load (lbs) Hybrid Annual Load (lbs) LID Annual Load (lbs) 2379 76.44 5.81 761 68% 51.21 33% 33% 5.81 0% 0% 381 84% 35.52 54% 54% 3.40 42% 60 97% 34.78 55% 55% 1.20 79%
Water Quality Treatment Total Nitrogen Compliance TN Difference Predevelopment Annual Load (lbs) 42.60 % Conventional Annual Load (lbs) Hybrid Annual Load (lbs) LID Annual Load (lbs) 51.21 +20 + (+ 20 8.61 lbs) 35.52-17 (-7.08-17 lbs) 34.78-18 (-7.82-18 lbs)
Installation Cost Comparison Paving Stormwater Combined Conventional $479,550 $100,150 $579,700 $479,550 $100,150 $579,700 Hybrid $467,010 $95,160 $562,170 $467,010 $95,160 $562,170 LID $412,720 $198,724 $611,444 $412,720 $198,724 $611,440
Review of the Day Introduction UNHSC: A Resource for Independent Data Unit Operations & Processes (UOPs) Break UNHSC Performance Data Lunch Effective SWM Case Studies Site Design Assessment Break Assessment Continued Group Report Group Debrief Out & Discussion & Discussion 96