THE SECOND SYMPOSIUM ON JASTIP DISASTER PREVENTION INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION RESEARCH Joint Collaboration in Research and Educational Exchange Between Thuyloi & Kyoto Universities Presenter: Pham Van SONG, Assoc. Prof. Dr.-Ing, Thuyloi University - Vietnam Kyoto - 22, March, 2017
THE SECOND SYMPOSIUM ON JASTIP DISASTER PREVENTION INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION RESEARCH CONTENT 1 2 3 Introduction about Thuyloi University Collaborative research between Thuyloi and Kyoto University Request for supports from JASTIP 4. New approved project in Vietnam funded by DPRI, Kyoto University
1. INTRODUCTION ABOUT THUYLOI UNIVERSITY (TLU) Main campus in Hanoi, since 1959 New campus in Hung Yen province: in progress 175 Tay Son street, Dong Da district, Hanoi - 9 specialized faculties; - 5 Institutes; - Consultant Company/Office - 4 Centers; - Supporting departments Institute of Education and Scientific Application In Central Region: Developed since December 1986 Main office: 115 Tran Phu,Phan Rang-Thap Cham, Ninh Thuan Branches: Dalat, Lam Dong Province; Quy Nhon, Binh Dinh Province; and Phan Thiet, Binh Thuan Province. Thuy loi University The Southern Campus : - Hochiminh City - Binh Duong province - 2 th Campus of TLU; - Institute for Water and Environmental Research; - Company for Consultant and transfer water engineering.
Development of the organizations 1976 1986 1997 2003 2007 DH1 Association Center of DH 1 The 2 th Base of Water Resources University Tripod development model: 2 nd TLU The 2 th Base The Company The 2 th Campus The Company The Institute Education Research Social demands Technological services IWER Company
TLU: International Cooperation Network TUDelft, IHE UNESCO, Twentee University, The NL Colorado State Univ. Arkansas Univ. Liege Univ. BELGIUM Chungnam Univ. Wuhan Univ. Hohai Univ. Three Gorge Univ. Tohoku Univ., Tokyo Univ. Kyoto Univ. Kyushu Univ. Gifu Univ. Hawaii University National Univ.,LAOS Thamasat Univ., Thailand NTU Singapore ICE Warm Australia Brescia Univ. Milan Univ., ITALIA Braunsweigh Univ., KIT Kalshure Univ., TU Muenchen GERMANY GNS Damwatch
Overall Goals and Plans of JASTIP project: Research, Education and Industry Industry Dialogue workshop between MK countries and KU students Community participatory workshop Disseminate research achievements throughout ASEAN region Research Impacts of US Dam in Mekong River ( Salinity and sediment) Agricultural and Aqua cultural development Continuous monitoring Internationally-Joint publications Education Conflict management course about transboundary river issues Young researchers training by participating in the project
2. COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH BETWEEN THUYLOI AND KYOTO UNIVERSITY Motivation of MD project Mekong river basin Upper Mekong 24% of total area Length: 4,880 km Annual suspended sediment: 160 Mt/year Lower Mekong 76% of total area
Mainstream and tributary dams 6 existed Lancang cascade dams Upper Mekong: 21 dams There are many plans for dam construction along Mekong River and 11 mainstream proposed dams in LMB its tributaries Lat Sua Don Sahong Stung Treng Sambor 345 310 275 240 215 340 300 270 235 210 442 734 678 384 206 87 56 49 108 81 943 823 810 630 1,144 76 46.8 63 35 38 5,318 192 190 441 74 1,200 55 133 780 53 19 11,700 1,872 8,434 115 110 652 10.6 17 8.8 16.5 10,000 2,400 N/A N/A 686 240 900 2,600 2,668 2,375 N/A N/A 98 75 52 40 90 71 51 38 550 115 151 1,450 Dam height (m) Reservoir area (Km2) 5,517 5,437 6,035 6,460 5,015 Dam length (m) Live storage (mcm) Ban Koum Thailand Lao PDR Thailand Lao PDR Lao PDR Cambodia Cambodia Low supply level (mamsl) + 31: underlao construction PDR 31 7,250 1,230 Lao PDR 25.1 5,095 1,100 Lao PDRwithin 28.5 20 5,000 + 82: completed years1,260 Lao PDR 26 4,500 1,320 Lao PDR 25 5,918 700 + 136: completed Lao PDR within 40 years 22 5,720 1,079 Pakchom Pak Beng Luang Prabang Xayaburi Pak Lay Sanakham Full supply level (mams) Lower Mekong: 136 dams Installed capacity (MW) Mean annual energy (GWh) Rated head (m) Plant design discharge (m3/s) Location Project ID Design specifications 13 1,300 27 290 (ha) 1820-720-2730 10.6-8.2-8.3 211 2,502 10 620 18,002 56 Keskinen et al., 2012
STUDY AREA Vietnamese Mekong delta Water level (m) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 3 m Lowest since 1926-1 25-May 04-Jul 13-Aug 22-Sep 01-Nov Date 1998 2000 2011 2014 2015 SSC (mg/l) 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 250 mg/l 1/4 of 2011 0 20-May 9-Jun 29-Jun 19-Jul Date 2008 2011 2014 2015 2016 JASTIP turbidity stations JASTIP salinity station 4 g/l 6 g/l 4 times - Area: 39,000 km 2 - Population: 17 million - Livelihood: agro-aquaculture based - 159,000 ha paddy field were damaged - 195,217 households lacked fresh water
Sediment in Mekong river Upper Mekong Basin Lower Mekong Basin 50% 20% area 50% 80% area Pre dam (before 1992): 160 Mt/year Trapped within reservoirs Trapping Efficiency Post dam (after1992): Remarkable sediment reduction
Sediment trapping efficiency 40% of total sediment is trapped Sediment starvation in rivers Upper Mekong Basin Riverbed degradation and riverbank erosion Lower Mekong Basin Agriculture productivity reduction 49% reaches delta 4% reaches delta Definite future: 38 dams will be built (Kondolf et al., 2014) Full-built scenario: 133 dams will be built (Kondolf et al., 2014)
Map of Salinity Intrusion in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (March, 2016) Saltwater has intruded 20-25 km further inland than seasonal average values (Source: Southern Institute of Water Resources Research)
Damaged rice crop area due to drought and salinity intrusion (March, 2016) Lost estimation 2016: 7900 billion VND ~ 360 million USD (Source: Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Development)
Research Project: Impacts of Upstream Dam Developments on Mekong Delta Evaluate the impact of upstream dams on sediment flux along main rivers in Vietnamese Mekong Delta Sediment reduction Correlate the erosion rate of Mekong and Bassac riverbanks with the development of upstream dams Evaluate the combined influence of upstream dams and dyke system on lateral flow and sediment interchange between rivers and floodplains Salinity Intrusion Define and classify flood flow characteristics (flood factors) under controls of upstream dams Integrate flood factors into salt intrusion simulation to extend advance time of forecasting
Expected outcomes of the project - Better understanding of the impacts of dams upstream on sediment reduction and salinity intrusion, and the consequence upon agricultural (rice) productivity - Raising the awareness among community of Mekong Countries about dam impacts and transboudary river issues - Collaborative research, data and experience sharing for sustainable development. - Joint publications and research proposal
Proposed framework for the project in the term of 5 years Activity Year 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Available data collection and analysis Equipment installation and monitoring Numerical simulation set-up Conflict management course Outcome analysis and paper publication Final recommendation and proposition of mitigative measures
MD project achievements Achievements from research activities Representative Office of Kyoto University in the Southern Campus of Thuyloi University. Meetings and discussions among TLU and KU researchers at TU (in years 2015 and 2016). Field trips for equipment installations and measurements: monitoring turbidity and salinity concentration at 5 stations (in years 2015-2017). Hydro-Asia in Lao PDR: networking, research results sharing. Visit KU by researchers of TU (in 2016).
Representative Office Meetings and discussion Fieldtrip and installation Hydro-Asia in Laos
Map of equipment installation sites Tan Chau Vam Nao ThoiThuan Legend: Turbidity (Feb.2016) Turbidity (Feb.2017) Turbidity (future) Salinity (Feb.2016) Salinity (Feb.2017) Salinity (future) An Lac Tay BacTrang
MD project achievements Achievements from education and activities International course Conflict Management in Transboundary Mekong River for KU undergraduate students (in years 2015&2016). One Vietnamese PhD student is taking course in KU. Workshop dialogues by students and researchers of TLU and KU. Conflict course Workshop dialogue
Outcome Outcome and on-going works Accepted paper: Kantoush, S., Binh, D. V., Sumi, T., and Trung, L. V: Impact of upstream hydropower dams and climate change on hydrodynamics of Vietnamese Mekong Delta, Annual Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, JSCE, Vol. 61, 2017. Submitted abstract to: 10 th Symposium on River, Coast and Estuarine Morphodynamics On-going steps 1. CALL FOR DIALOGUES WITHIN 6 RIPARIAN COUNTRIES OF MEKONG RIVER 2. Second PhD candidate are preparing required publications and documents to apply for RONPAKU this year. 3. Analyzing collected and monitored data as well as establishing 2D numerical simulation for the whole Vietnamese Mekong Delta 4. Preparing manuscripts submitting to some international journals and conferences. 5. 6. Establishing International workshop on Sediment Bypass Tunnels on May 9-12, 2017 Having International exchange course Conflict Management (Global Water Issues) in 09/2017
3. Request for supports from JASTIP Necessary fund 1. Turbidity: ATU75W2-USB Price: 1,180,000 yen 2. Handheld turbidity: AAQ171 Price: 1,870,000 yen Vam Nao ThoiThuan Tan Chau Future turbidity meter CaoLanh 3. Salinity: ACTW-USB Price: 870,000 yen An Lac Tay BacTrang Future salinity meter TOTAL NECESSARY FUND 4,000,000 yen Legend: Turbidity (Feb.2016) Salinity (Feb.2016) Turbidity (Feb.2016) Salinity (Feb.2017)
4. New approved project in Vietnam funded by DPRI 1. Project name: Integrated study on sedimentation problems for sustainable reservoir management in Vietnam. 2. Project location: Vietnam 3. Project period: April. 1, 2017 March. 31, 2019 4. Funded by: Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University 5. Research objectives: - To investigate, analyze, evaluate the current situation and cause of sedimentation in the reservoirs of Vietnam; - To develop an indicator for reservoir classification based on sedimentation rate and reservoir longevity; - To propose technical solutions for removing accumulated sediment in reservoirs (a case study in small/mid-reservoir in Central Vietnam); to develop an annual updated accumulated sediment database used for future reservoir sedimentation management.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to express our sincere gratitude to: 1. Japan-ASEAN Science, Technology and Innovation Platform (JASTIP) project for financial and technical supports to project Impacts of Upstream Dam Development on Mekong Delta (MD project); 2. Prof. Kaoru Takara Director of the Disaster Prevention Research Institute of Kyoto University for approving new project Integrated study on sedimentation problems for sustainable reservoir management in Vietnam.