-Buried Treasure- Finding Innovative Solutions by Looking Beneath the Surface

-Buried Treasure- Finding Innovative Solutions by Looking Beneath the Surface

WHAT IS A TREASURE?

--TREASURE-- A Quantity of Precious Metals, Gems, or other Valuable Objects

NATIONAL TREASURE ROADWAY

--WHAT IS BURIED TREASURE-- A Pavement Preservation Technique that Uncovers and Renews Aged PCCP that has Been Overlaid with Asphalt due to Functional Requirements and Not Structural Issues Functional Issues Consist of Noise, Friction, and Smoothness A Planned Preservation Strategy that can Maximize the Original Life of a Our National Treasure which is a Multi- Trillion Dollar Investment

HOW IS IT ACCOMPLISHED Removing the Existing AC Overlay by Milling Off and Recovering RAP to Offset Costs Repair the Existing Concrete Pavement as Needed Diamond Grind the Surface to Restore the Roadway Template, Provide a Smooth and Quiet Ride

IS IT JUST ROADS?

SO WHY CONSIDER THIS NOW?

Index Value (1958 = 100) COMMODITY PRICE INCREASES 2000 1800 1600 Last Time Trust Fund Increased 1400 Asphalt PPI 1200 1000 800 First National CPR Conference DBR Consumer CPI 600 400 Diamond Grinding NGCS 200 Concrete PPI 0

CDG Costs (sq/yd) ITS COST EFFECTIVE AND PREDICTABLE $6.00 $5.00 National CDG Cost for Projects > Than 7,000 SY $4.00 $3.00 $2.00 $1.00 $0.00 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Year

ROAD BUILDING/PRESERVATION 1993 AND 2014 Funding (30% Decline in Buying Power) 1993 Lets Build 100 Miles of Road 2014 Lets Build 67 Miles of Road Iowa Consumption Rate (27% increase in Wear out Rate) 1993 Lets Drive 25.4 Billion VMT 2014 Lets Drive 32.3 Billion VMT

INCREASE IN VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED AND MILES OF ROADWAY (1990-2012)

STANDARDS IN VEHICLE FUEL EFFICIENCY Gas Tax

HOW DO YOU FIND BURIED TREASURE?

FINDING BURIED TREASURES Identify Projects Nearing Rehab Based on Distress Conditions that were Concrete Overlaid w/ac Identify Projects that were Overlaid for Functional Requirements (noise, ride, friction) or Repairable Bid Documents PMS Maintenance/Construction Personnel Conduct Engineering Analysis Review Historical Records Deflection Testing Ground Penetrating Radar

STEPS TO RECOVERING BURIED TREASURES Investigate the Project Milling Off the Overlay Repairing the Concrete Diamond Grinding the Final Surface

MILLING OVERLAY OFF THINGS TO NOTE Prevent Milling into the Concrete Often times variable depth of Overlay Carbide Tips can Damage Transverse Joints DIGGING IT UP!

PROTECT THE JOINTS DURING MILLING

REPAIRING THE TREASURE! Slab Replacement Slab Jacking Dowel Bar Retrofit Patching Sealing Conventional Diamond Grinding

NEWARK N.J. CASE EXAMPLE CONCRETE (23-60 YRS) 1931 1.4 Mile (Asbuilt) 1958 3.5 Mile (Asbuilt) 1970 1 Mile (Asbuilt) 9 Inches Thick 70,000 ADT Dowels ASPHALT OVERLAY (7-8 YRS) 1993 Micro Surfacing for Skid Improvement 2001 Micro Surfacing to Repair Previous Micro Surfacing Deterioration 2008 Buried Treasure (38 77 yrs old) Paper: Dan Frentress--National Conference on Preservation, Repair, and Rehabilitation of Concrete Pavements Route 21

SLAB JACKING (N.J.)

SLAB REPLACEMENT

PRE-CAST PANEL INSTALLED READY FOR DIAMOND GRINDING

PARTIAL DEPTH PATCHES

CONVENTIONAL DIAMOND GRINDING THROUGH AC AND PCCP

CONVENTIONAL DIAMOND GRINDING 30 % Ride Improvement

CONVENTIONAL DIAMOND GRINDING --LOW SPOTS IN AC--

JOINT RESEALING

MINNESOTA I-394 BURIED TREASURE EXAMPLE Courtesy Bernard Izevbekai-- MnDOT

I-394 HISTORY 1987: PCCP Constructed in with Transverse Tining 1996: 2 AC Overlay for Noise 2004: 1 ¾ Mill & Fill + 5/8 UTBWC 2015 Buried Treasure (30 yr old) Courtesy Bernard Izevbekai-- MnDOT

REPAIRS ON I-394 Anticipated 80% Full Depth Repairs 20% Partial Depth Repairs True Condition of Underlying Concrete After Removal of UTBWC Necessitated Courtesy Bernard Izevbekai-- MnDOT 80% Partial Depth Repairs 20% Full Depth Repairs Called Buried Treasure AVINGS

I-394 REMOVAL OF UTBWC Courtesy Bernard Izevbekai-- MnDOT

Courtesy Bernard Izevbekai-- MnDOT Removal of UTBWC

FULL DEPTH REPAIRS ON I-394 Courtesy Bernard Izevbekai-- MnDOT

I-394 Project View Note Transition Point Transverse Tined UTBWC Courtesy Bernard Izevbekai-- MnDOT

I- 394 PAVEMENT SURFACES Milled Surface Conventional Diamond Grind

WASHINGTON SR522 Construction CONCRETE 8 Plain Reinforced Concrete Pavement Previous Asphalt widened lanes removed and replaced with concrete then entire project diamond ground ASPHALT Numerous Overlays Lane Widening with Full Depth Asphalt Ride quality and appearance suffered due to multiple patches, overlays and aging asphalt lane additions so Buried Treasure Approach Used in 2002

WASHINGTON SR 522

WA SR522 MORE TRADITIONAL FUNCTIONAL DISTRESS REMOVAL Faulting

WHAT IS DIAMOND GRINDING? Removal of thin surface layer of hardened PCC using closely spaced diamond saw blades; Results in smooth, level pavement surface; Longitudinal texture with desirable friction and low noise characteristics;

DIAMOND GRINDING EQUIPMENT

DIAMOND GRINDING EQUIPMENT PROCESS

FINISHED SURFACE

PAVEMENT PROBLEMS ADDRESSED Faulting at joints and cracks Built-in or construction roughness Polished concrete surface Wheelpath rutting Unacceptable noise level Permanent upward slab warping Inadequate transverse slope

CDG Costs IN SUMMARY The economics have changed and will continue to favor AC removal and diamond grinding (Buried Treasure) Savings in Non-renewable Aggregate Sources Most Sustainable Milled AC Salvage Can Be A Revenue Source Maximizes Use of Concrete $6.00 Pavement Long Life $4.00 $2.00 $0.00 1990 2000 2010 2020 Year

NATIONALTREASURE ROADWAY

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