Wastewater and sludge management in Eco-Industrial zones Assoc. Prof. Dr. Viet-Anh Nguyen Director, Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering (IESE), Hanoi University of Civil Engineering. Hanoi, Jan 2017 Head of Science and Technology Department, Vietnam Association of Water Supply and Sewerage (VWSA) 1
Eco-IZ Meeting all environmental requirements Emmission gases treatment Wastewater treatment Solid waste and Sludge treatment and disposal Hazardous waste management Environmental friendly solutions, from planning to operation Cleaner production Minimum resource utilization Resource recovery... Nguyen V. A, IESE 2
Wastewater Management in Industrial Areas 324 IZs have been established. 232 IZs are in operation, with ~7,000 factories. Average coverage ratio: 70%. Centralized WWTPs: at 187 IZs (=80%) (increased from 30% in 2005). Some provinces have managed to have 100% coverage of wastewater treatment plants in IZs. Nguyen V. A, IESE 3
Conventional processes Physico-chemical processes Grit removal Grease removal Coagulation flocculation DAF Biological processes Activated sludge process Attached growth process Combination Combination of different processes Wastewater treatment 4
Wastewater treatment Nguyen V. A, IESE 5
Challenges in Industrial WW Management Control of incoming flows and O&M of CETPs On-site wastewater treatment + Cleaner production at Factories Energy efficiency Sludge Management Financing for Industrial wastewater projects: Investment, Cost recovery Pollution control of thousands of Industrial Clusters and Individual Industries; 3,300 handicraft villages. Nguyen V. A, IESE 6
Wastewater treatment Membrane technologies, aiming at water reclamation Disinfection Chlorine Ozone UV Membrane Reduce of energy consumption Reduce of water use Nguyen V. A, IESE 7
CÁC GiẢI PHÁP XỬ LÝ BÙN TỪ TXLNT SLUDGE TREATMENT Xử lý sơ bộ Làm đặc Ổn định Khử nước Làm khô và các công đoạn khác Đốt để giảm thể tích và thu nhiệt Lưu trữ Nghiền Trộn Tách cát Lắng Keo tụ, lắng Tuyển nổi Ly tâm Khác Ổn định bằng vôi Lên men kỵ khí Ổn định hiếu khí Ly tâm Ép lọc băng tải Sân phơi Bãi lọc ngầm trồng cây Sấy trực tiếp Sấy gián tiếp Ủ compost Dùng kiềm/ tiệt trùng Lưu dài ngày Đốt đa vùng Đốt tầng sôi Đốt cùng chất khác Hồ Nguyen V. A, IESE 8 8
SLUDGE TREATMENT OPTIONS Nhiệt phân Trạm xử lý nước thải Bùn sơ cấp Bùn sinh học Tiền xử lý Làm đặc Ổn định hiếu khí Ổn định kỵ khí Ổn định hóa học Năng lượng Sấy Tách nước Khí hóa Đốt Ủ compost Chôn lấp Năng lượng Nguyên vật liệu SX Phân bón Nguyen V. A, IESE 9
THP pre-treatment of sludge Cambi group Nguyen V. A, IESE 10
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES Wind Solar Technical limitation Hydro Biomass Geothermal (Hang-Sik Shin) Applied to limited countries Spread all over the world Energy content = More than 7 times of world current needs! 11
STUDY ON DIGESTION KINETICS Nguyen V. A, IESE 12
PILOT CONTAINER FOR AD EXPERIMENTS (IESE, HUCE + IWAR, TUD + Passavant Roediger Co.) Food waste Nguyen V. A, IESE 13
Resource recovery options Fertilizer product P recovery RDF Biogas station Sludge to energy Nguyen V. A, IESE Biogas treatment Electricity 14
Sludge treatment and resource recovery tree Nguyen A/Prof. NVA. V. Training A, IESE Course. 1/2013
Solid waste treatment Incineration: multizones, rotating reactors,... Co-incineration in cement kilner Energy recovery: Heat and Power Landfilling Source: VEPA, 2015 16
Hazardous waste management Total HW amount: 800,000 ton/year Total capacity of MONRE licensed hazardous treatment firms: 1,300,000 ton/year Amount of hazardous waste collected and treatment: 2012: 165,624 ton 2013: 186,657 ton 2014: 320,275 ton Source: VEPA, 2015 17
Source: VEPA, 2015 18
Co-incineration in cement kilns Source: VEPA, 2015 19
Landfilling 20
Recycling of waste baterries Source: VEPA, 2015 21
Electronics waste recycling Source: VEPA, 2015 22
Hazardous treatment activities TT Tên công nghệ Năm 2010 Năm 2015 Số mô Số cơ sở đun hệ áp dụng thống Số cơ sở áp dụng Số mô đun hệ thống 1 Lò đốt tĩnh hai cấp 21 24 34 47 2 Lò đốt quay 0 0 02 02 3 Đồng xử lý trong lò nung xi măng 2 2 2 2 4 Chôn lấp, đóng kén 2 3 6 6 5 Hóa rắn (bê tông hóa) 17 17 31 33 6 Xử lý, tái chế dầu thải 13 14 23 24 7 Xử lý bóng đèn thải 8 8 23 24 8 Xử lý chất thải điện tử 4 4 18 19 9 Phá dỡ, tái chế ắc quy chì thải 6 6 18 22 10 Tái chế kẽm oxit từ bụi lò thép 0 0 03 03 11 Tái chế chất thải điện tử 0 0 20 22 Source: VEPA, 2015 23
Environmental technology companies in Vietnam 125 firms dealing with water and wastewater treatment 473 firms in solid waste treatment 86 firms with hazardous waste treatment license Source: MOIT and EIA, 2015 24
Recycling of useful materials Recycling if useful materials is popular, with clearly seen benefits, in paper, plastic, steel and some other industries Source: MOIT and EIA, 2015 25
Used oil treatment and recycling 26
27 Market forecast Local equipment production (bio. VND/yr) Recycling (thousand ton/yr) Local capacity: 2-3% need in urban wastewater treatment; 15% solid waste treatment demand; 14% hazardous waste treatment. Recycling industry has not developed yet Source: MOIT and EIA, 2015
potable water reclaimed non-potable water Recycled materials The Resource recovery center energy energy raw/ tap water Wastewater solid waste Nguyen V. A, IESE (B) waste water treatment (A) grey water treatment Supply and Treatment Unit (C) domestic waste treatment caloric heat treated waste water stabilized waste 28
Sustainable Environmental Development Industrial zone Urban and rural areas, other IZs Nguyen V. A, IESE 29
Thank you very much, for your attention A/Prof. Dr. Viet-Anh Nguyen Director, Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering (IESE), Hanoi University of Civil Engineering. Head of Science and Technology Department, Vietnam Association of Water Supply and Sewerage (VWSA) Tel: +84-91320 9689. E-Mail: anhnv@nuce.edu.vn. Web: iese.vn. 30