DESIGN AND FABRICATE MINI BIOGAS DIGESTER AHMAD AIZAD BIN JAMIL (MB08044) UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG

DESIGN AND FABRICATE MINI BIOGAS DIGESTER AHMAD AIZAD BIN JAMIL (MB08044) UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG

BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS TESIS JUDUL DESIGN AND FABRICATE THE MINI BIOGAS DIGESTER SESI PENGAJIAN: 2010/2011 Saya AHMAD AIZAD BIN JAMIL (HURUF BESAR) mengaku membenarkan tesis Projek Tahun Akhir ini disimpan di Perpustakaan Universiti Malaysia Pahang dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut: 1. Tesis adalah hakmilik Universiti Malaysia Pahang. 2. Perpustakaan Universiti Malaysia Pahang dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja. 3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan tesis ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi. 4. **Sila tandakan ( ) SULIT TERHAD (Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia seperti yang termaktub di dalam AKTA RAHSIA RASMI 1972) (Mengandungi maklumat TERHAD yang telah ditentukan oleh organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan) TIDAK TERHAD Disahkan oleh (TANDATANGAN PENULIS) Alamat Tetap: NO.85, KAMPUNG PERUMAHAN KESBAN, PASIR PUTIH, 06300, KUALA NERANG, KEDAH DARUL AMAN. Tarikh: (TANDATANGAN PENYELIA) Puan Norhaida Binti Ab. Razak Nama Penyelia Tarikh: CATATAN: * Potong yang tidak berkenaan. ** Jika tesis ini SULIT atau TERHAD, sila lampirkan surat daripada pihak berkuasa/organisasi berkenaan dengan menyatakan sekali sebab dan tempoh tesis ini perlu dikelaskan sebagai SULIT atau TERHAD. Tesis dimaksudkan sebagai tesis bagi Diploma secara penyelidikan, atau disertai bagi pengajian secara kerja kursus.

DESIGN AND FABRICATE MINI BIOGAS DIGESTER AHMAD AIZAD BIN JAMIL (MB08044) A report submitted for partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Diploma of Mechanical Engineering award. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University Malaysia Pahang NOVEMBER 2010

ii SUPERVISOR S DECLARATION I declare that I have read and make a check on this project report, and in my opinion this report is in sufficient in aspects quality for the Diploma of Mechanical Engineering award. Signature Name of Supervisor Position Date : : Puan Norhaida Binti Ab. Razak : :.

iii AUTHOR S DECLARATION I declare that this report titled Design and Fabricate Mini Biogas Digester and the result that from my research based on the references that have been used in order to complete it. This project report not been accepted for degree, and not submit in candidature of any other degree. Signature Name of Student ID Number Date :.. : Ahmad Aizad Bin Jamil : MB08044 :...

viii TABLES OF CONTENTS CHAPTER TITLE PAGE SUPERVISORS DECLARATION AUTHOR S DECLARATION DEDICATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT ABSTRAK TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURE LIST OF TABLE LIST OF APPENDICES ii iii iv v vi viii x xiii xiv xv 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Synopsis 1 1.1.1 Project General Synopsis 1 1.1.2 Project Specific Synopsis 2 1.2 Problem Statement 2 1.3 Project Objective 3 1.4 Project Scope 3 1.5 Project Planning 3 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction 7

ix 2.2 Example of the Current Biogas Digester 8 2.3 Function of the Digester 10 2.4 Process of Producing Methane through Fermentation 10 2.5 Biogas Digester in Other Countries 11 2.5.1 Biogas in China 11 2.5.2 Biogas in India 12 2.5.3 Biogas in Australia 13 2.5.4 Biogas in Indonesia 14 2.5.5 Biogas in Malaysia 15 2.6 Joining Method 17 2.6.1 Type of Welding 18 2.7 Holes Preparation 19 2.8 Cutting Process 21 2.8.1 Type of Cutter 21 3 METHODOLOGY 3.1 Project Flow Chart 25 3.2 Design 28 3.3 Drawing 28 3.4 Design Specification 29 3.5 Sketching and Drawing Selection 29 3.6 Concept Generation and Evaluation 38 3.7 Fabrication Process 39 3.8 Step By Step Process 40 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Introduction 46 4.2 Designs in SolidWork 46 4.3 Overall Design View 49 4.3.1 Design Descriptions 49 4.3.2 Material 49

x 4.3.3 Method of Joining 50 4.3.4 Special Feature 50 4.3.5 The Product Review 51 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5.1 Introduction 54 5.2 Project Problems 54 5.3 Conclusion 55 5.4 Recommendation 55 REFERENCES 56 APPENDICES 58 I 3D Design View 58 II Result 65

xi LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE 2.1 Germany 8 2.2 Japan 8 2.3 India 9 2.4 Nepal 9 2.5 Australia 9 2.6 MIG welding 17 2.7 Glue 17 2.8 Fastening 17 2.9 Rivet 17 2.10 Riveter 17 2.11 Drilling machine 19 2.12 Portable hand drill 20 2.13 Punching machine 20 2.14 Wood vertical bend saw 21 2.15 Steel vertical bend saw 22 2.16 Horizontal bend saw 23

xii 2.17 Shearing machine 23 2.18 Disc cutter 24 3.1 Flow chart 27 3.2 Design A 32 3.3 Design B 33 3.4 Design C 34 3.5 Design D 35 3.6 Design E 36 3.7 Design F 37 3.8 3D model 39 3.9 Cutting using disc cutter 42 3.10 Welding 42 3.11 Cutting with horizontal bend saw 43 3.12 Cutting with shearing machine 43 3.13 Cutting with wood vertical bend saw 44 3.14 Bending 44 3.15 Painting 45 4.1 Digester body 47 4.2 Digester inner structure 48 4.3 Project view 51 4.4 Isometric view 51

xiii 4.5 Front view 52 4.6 Left view 52 4.7 Back view 53 4.8 Right view 53

xiv LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE 1.1 Planning Gantt chart 5 1.2 Progress Gantt chart 6 3.1 Morphological chart 30 3.2 Pugh concept selection table 38

xv LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX TITLE PAGE I 3D DESIGN VIEW 58 II RESULT 65