This project has received funding from the European Union s Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 280756 PHOTOBIOREACTOR APPROACH FOR REUSE OF WATER AND NUTRIENTS TO VALUABLES Per Møller Kalundborg Municipality Development 1
RESOURCE EFFICIENCY Waste to value residues becomes a resource CO 2 Oxygen Waste heat renewable energy and biofuels Waste Water Clean water Waste Bio-materials Food, feed & fertilizers 2
MICROALGAE AS CELL FACTORIES Upcycling nutrients into biocomponents Process water Water 3
INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS E4Water 4
THE E4WATER CONCEPT 5
MICROALGAE CONCEPT Ressource efficiency and added value 6
MICROALGAE FACILITY Established microalgae test facility at local WWTP with in the Kalundborg Symbiosis 7
AN INNOVATIVE REACTOR DESIGN 8
UPSCALING AND ADAPTATION Algae adaptation and scale up Process optimization for higher yield ph (7,0-8,5) Process water dosage 9
PRE-TREATMENT OF PROCESS WATER Proceswate r (pre-gasified) Buffertank MF 10
BIOEXTRACTION EFFICIENCY Batch and semi-continuous largescale test-production of algae Batch: 4.000 liter Semi-continuous: 4.000-40.000 liter Yield of 0,5-2 g dm/l Doubling time 1-8 days Reduction nutrient load in industrial residual water stream to below limits of free disposal P to below within 24-48 hours NH 4 + 10-35 days depending on P COD only occationally below limits mainly inert after anaerobic digestion 11
SEPARATION OF WATER AND MICROALGAE 2-step harvest-dewatering concept First step: Harvesting by filtration Cross-flow MF/UF, tubular membranes Dynamic cross-flow MF, rotating disk Mild and energy efficient (2-3 kwh/m 3 ) >90% water recovery Slurry product = 15-40 g/l dm 12
SEPARATION OF WATER AND MICROALGAE Second step: Centrifugation Energy consumption ca 7 kwh/m 3 5.000-10.000 rpm Paste product = 250-300 g/l dm 13
BIOCOMPOSITION OF ALGAE Species Protein (%) Oil (%) Other (%) Nannochloropsis salina 30-48 13-25 (50) 20-45 Chlorella vulgaris 40-57 5-15 (40) 20-45 Chlorella pyrenoidosa 45-65 5-17 (50) 5-30 Desmodesmus sp. 25-48 5-20 (50) 20-45 Chlorella minutissima 25-50 15-35 (60) 15-40 14
AMINO ACIDS mg/g DW 80,0 60,0 40,0 20,0 3 5 9 16 30 % ICW 0,0 80,0 3 5 9 16 60 % ICW mg/g DW 60,0 40,0 20,0 0,0 60,0 50,0 mg/g DW 40,0 30,0 20,0 10,0 0,0 3 5 9 16 99 % ICW Safafar H, Uldall Nørregaard P, Møller P, Løvstad Holdt S and Jacobsen C. In prep. Enhancement of Protein and pigment contents in two Chlorella spp. cultivated on industrial process water. 15
FATTY ACIDS 16 Safafar H, Hass Z M, Møller P, Løvstad Holdt S and Jacobsen C. Submitted. Large scale production of high EPA biomass from Nannochloropsis salina. Algal Research
PIGMENTS 17 Safafar H, van Wagenen J, Møller P and Jacobsen P. 2015. Carotenoids, phenolic compounds and tocopherols contribute to the antioxidative properties of some microalgae species grown on industrial wastewater. Mar. Drugs, 13, 7339 7356
ADDED VALUE POTENTIAL Evaluated added value from selected components Lutein, up to 20mg/g ALA, up to 36% of oil EPA, up to 47% of oil Added-value products g/kg Price (Euro/kg algae) Min Max Algae Algae cooking oil, MUFA 200 6 C.V. Whole algae protein, neutraceutical 600 27 60 C.P. Algae oil capsuls, neutraceutical 200 170 N.S. Lutein, neutraceutical 20 300 600 C.V. ALA, refined PUFA, analytical standard 88 2.188 10.500 C.V, C.P. EPA, refined PUFA, analytical standard 111 14.430 53.280 N.S. 18
ALGAE PRODUCTION IN A SYMBIOSIS CONCEPT Industrial symbiosis potential Algae production can use and benefit from residual streams from industry Industry can use and benefit from algae Production Local increase in resource efficiency and decrease in water stress Water: 1 mill m 3 /y Phosphor: 15 ton/y Nitrogen: 350 ton/y CO 2 : 3.600 ton/y High quality biomass: 2.000 ton/y 19
BIOREFINERY CONCEPT (Foley et al, 2011) (Bruton et al, 2009) 20
NEXT GENERATION PHOTOBIOREACTOR 21
per.moller@kalundborg.dk 22