Urban Public Transport Development Strategic Priorities in China Li Zuomin, PhD, President China Academy of Transport Sciences Ministry of Transport of the People s Republic of China Jan. 2011
Contents Background & Key challenges Strategic Actions
1. Background & Key challenges China is going through a period of high-speed growth of both urbanization and motorization. The urban transport in major cities has become one of the key issues of social-economic development as well as urban functions in China.
The Rapid Urbanization 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 35174 41608 39449 37304 29 30.5 31.9 52376 50212 48064 45906 43748 39.1 37.7 33.4 34.8 36.2 59400 60667 62200 57706 56212 54283 40.5 41.8 43 43.9 44.9 45.7 66558 46.6 60 49.7 50 40 30 20 10000 10 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Urban population(ten thousand people) Rate of urbanization(%) 城市人口 ( 单位 : 万人 ) 城镇化率 ( 单位 :%) 0 In 2010,urbanization rate of China arrived 49.68%,about 19% of the world s urban population lives in China. 4 4
The cost of the congestion problem is high 拥堵经济成本 (JEC) 占收入比例 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 12.50% 375 9.10% 9.10% 9.10% 273.8 7.10% 228.2 6.60% 4.60% 142.6 136.8 132.6 4.60% 92.6 69.4 北京 广州 上海 武汉 重庆 南京 成都 西安 13.00% 12.00% 11.00% 10.00% 9.00% 8.00% 7.00% 6.00% 5.00% 4.00% 3.00%
Mode split has been changing Bicycle share declined 1.9% annually; Car share increased 1.1-1.2% annually Public transport share increased 0.5-1.1% annually. Mode shift from 1986 to 2010 in Beijing
Public transport service capacity lags behind social and economic development and transport demand growth Average share rates 全国平均分担率 Population below 1million 人口 100 万以下城市 Population between 1 million an 3million 人口 100~300 万城市 Population above 3 million 人口 300 万以上城市 17.53 10 20 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 30 Low speed & low punctuality Poor comfort Transfer inconveniently Low coverage Overall, PT share is below 20%, and service quality is low
Contents Background & Key challenges Strategic Actions
Move public transport fast: right of road, signal make our way out A smooth public transport, traffic flow control
Action 1 Institutional reform Institutional reform at all levels for the integration of urban transport development MOB MOT Post civil aviation waterway Highway Urban public transport Building and house
Action 2 National public transport planning Urban public transport development plan guidance in 2011-2015
Population density distribution decides different transport development paths
Rail transit development plan Urban Metro system 1471 km in operation by 2010, 3000 km in operation by 2015. The lines to open is longer than that of the past 40 years.
运营线路总长 ( 公里 ) BRT development plan BRT By 2010: 514 km in operation By 2015: 1000 km 60 55.30 50 47.00 45.80 40 30 20 10 33.70 23.77 13.80 12.40 12.34 0 北京杭州昆明济南常州大连合肥重庆
Action 3 National Policy guideline for promoting PT priority development The policy guideline will be issued in 2012 Workshop on Further Implementing the Strategy of Public Transport Priority Development
Action 4 Urban Passenger Transport Standardization Preparation for establishing The National Committee for Urban Passenger Transport Standards (NCUPTS), supervised by the State Commission for National Standards and MOT. road capacity operation finance maintenance information Bus BRT Taxi Rail Rental car Ferry safety & security network optimization energy saving emission reduction
Action 5 Public Transport Supervision City Level Ministry Level :China Urban Transport Database Beijing Application Operation Policy making Decision support New York Infrastructure Shanghai Finance Comparative analysis among cities Tokyo Energy consumption Zhengzhou Safety & emergency Performance evaluation of public transport Hongkong
Action 5 Public Transport Supervision Monitoring and evaluation of Transit Metropolis development Promote public transport Transportation efficacy Public transport services level Public transport safety Emergency response capability Strengthen decision support National public transport database Provincial platform Provincial platform City platform City platform City platform
Action 6 Develop Sustainable Finance Route A fuel tax vehicle purchase tax (bus exception) fuel subsidy Central government Transferring local government Route B public service: water supply education public transport highway waterway National public transport fund Land value Congestion fee Urban development and maintenance fee Local public transport fund
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