Energy and Solar. 2 nd Annual K-12 Teachers Clean Energy Workshop July 30, PDF Free Download

Energy and Solar 2 nd Annual K-12 Teachers Clean Energy Workshop July 30, 2015

Agenda Power vs. Energy Solar Resources Irradiance Insolation Peak Sun Hours Examples Technologies

What is Power? Power is the rate at which energy is produced, consumed, or transferred Measured in Watts, Kilowatts, Horsepower, or btu/hr (we can convert from one to another) For example: A 100 Watt incandescent light bulb consumes 100 Watts of power A 26 Watt CFL bulbs consumes only 26 Watts of power while producing about the same amount of light

What is Energy? Energy is the ability of a system to do work Measured in Watt-hours, kilowatt-hours, Joules, btu, calories, or foot-pounds force (we can convert from one to another) If power is constant, then Energy = Power x time For example: A 100 Watt incandescent light bulb operated for 10 hours consumes 1,000 Watt-hrs (1 kwh) of energy A 26 Watt CFL bulb operated for 10 hours consumes only 260 Watt-hrs (0.260 kwh) of energy

Why Study Solar Energy? Captures students curiosity while promoting key math, science, agriculture, engineering and technology concepts One of the fastest growing sources of new electric generation in the nation >13,000 MW of PV installed in U.S. >6,212 MW of PV installed in U.S. in 2014 alone Solar energy is viable in Illinois, not just the Southwest Possible future careers

Scales of Power 1 Watt 1,000 Watts = 1 kw 1,000 kw = 1 MW 1,000 MW = 1 GW 1,000 GW = 1 TW Power is a rate at which energy is produced, consumed or converted 1,000 Watts = 1.34 horsepower = 3,415 btu/hr If a device operates at 1,000 W for 1 hr, it has used 1,000 Wh = 1 kwh Energy

U.S. Per-Capita Energy Consumption Total U.S. Energy Consumption: 28,516 TWh Total U.S. Population: 316 million U.S. Per-Capita Energy: 90,200 kwh/year U.S. Per-Capita Power: 10,300 Watts

Solar Resource Solar cannot solve energy needs by itself, but the resource is unmatched Average Global Solar Power: ~89,000 TW 1 ½ hours solar flux = Total Global Energy Consumption in 1 yr

U.S. Solar Resources Fun fact: land area of 90 x 90 mi. in AZ could power the whole United States!

Solar Energy

Solar Irradiance Solar irradiance is solar power per unit area [W/m 2 ].

Solar Irradiance Irradiance varies over the day and year 1000 W/m 2 = peak sun 1000 500 Sunrise Noon Sunset

Solar Insolation For convenience, Solar insolation measured in peak sun hours 1000 500 Equivalent peak sun hours Sunrise Noon Sunset

Solar PV System Components Source: US DOE

Sample Calculation Sample Solar Calculation: 4 kw flat plate solar collector tilted south at Latitude in Peoria, IL from table 4.6 peak sun hours per day (average over a year) 4 kw * 4.6 hrs/day * 365 days/yr = 6,716 kwh/year

Solar Energy Types of Solar Energy : Solar Thermal Residential Systems (hot water) Utility-scale trough collectors Power Towers Solar Chimneys Solar Photovoltaic Monocrystalline Polycrystalline Amorphous Silicon (thin-film) Multi-Junction Concentrated PV

Photovoltaic (PV) Cell

Solar PV System Components Source: US DOE

Utility Scale Solar Farm Chicago, IL

Summary Power vs. Energy Solar Resources Irradiance Insolation Peak Sun Hours Examples Technologies

Energy and Solar. 2 nd Annual K-12 Teachers Clean Energy Workshop July 30, 2015