A. TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOLDER 1 OF 14 List of Abbreviations... Tab B Glossary of Terms... Tab C Summary of changes to Queensland Government Departments... Tab D Abstract...i Executive Summary... ES.1 ES.1 Title of the Project...ES.1 ES.2 GKI Revitalisation Plan Objectives...ES.1 ES.3 Project Description... ES.2 ES.4 Key Changes to Revitalisation Plan Made During the EIS Process...ES.9 ES.5 Project Proponent...ES.16 ES.6 Project Location... ES.17 ES.7 Project Rationale... ES.23 ES.8 History of European Settlement on GKI... ES.26 ES.9 Project Area Existing Land Uses... ES.29 ES.10 Project Infrastructure... ES.37 ES.11 Legal Framework, Decision-Making Authorities and Advisory Agencies... ES.42 ES.12 Outline of Alternative Options... ES.46 ES.13 Construction... ES.46 ES.14 Existing Environment, Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures...ES.51 ES.15 Stakeholder Consultation and Social Impacts... ES.82 ES.16 Cumulative Project Impacts of Associated Projects in the Region... ES.84 ES.17 Proponent Commitments... ES.85 ES.18 Conclusion and Recommendations... ES.85 1. Introduction...1 1.1 Project Proponent...3 1.2 Project Description...6 1.3 GKI Context...10
1.4 Project Rationale...18 1.5 Relationship to Other Projects...23 1.6 Alternatives to the Project...23 1.7 The Environmental Impact Assessment Process...59 1.8 Public Consultation Process...67 1.9 Project Approvals...69 2. Description of the Project...92 2.1 Location and Tenure...92 2.2 Overview of the Project...101 2.3 Construction...129 2.4 Associated Infrastructure...151 FOLDER 2 OF 14 3. Environmental Values and Management of Impacts...239 3.1 Climate, Natural Hazards and Climate Change...241 3.2 Land... 264 3.3 Nature Conservation...322 3.4 Matters of National Environmental Significance... 509 3.5 Water Resources...614 FOLDER 3 OF 14 3.6 Coastal Environment... 664 3.7 Air Quality...745 3.8 Greenhouse Gas Emissions...757 3.9 Noise and Vibration...764 3.10 Waste...785 3.11 Transport...820 3.12 Indigenous Cultural Heritage...851 3.13 Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage...865 4. Social Values and Management of Impacts...881 4.1 Description of Existing Social Values... 882 4.2 Social Baseline...921 4.3 Potential Social Impacts...950 4.4 Mitigation Measures and Management Strategies...962 4.5 Summary... 968
5. Economies and Management of Impacts...970 5.1 Economy...970 5.2 Sustainable Development... 990 6. Hazard and Risk...1005 6.1 Hazard and Risk Assessment...1005 6.2 Health and Safety...1017 6.3 Evacuation and Emergency Response Plan...1024 7. Cumulative Impacts...1028 7.1 Intra-Project Cumulative Impact...1028 7.2 Inter-Project Cumulative Effect...1045 8. Environmental Management Plan...1053 8.1 Purpose of EMP...1053 8.2 Objectives...1053 8.3 EMP Structure...1054 8.4 EMP Elements / Issues...1055 8.5 Responsibilities...1056 8.6 Competence, Training and Awareness...1057 8.7 Incident Management...1058 8.8 Incidents and Complaints Register...1058 8.9 Auditing...1058 8.10 Review...1059 9. Conclusions and Recommendations...1060 10. Bibliography...1064
EXPANDED TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Abbreviations...Tab B Glossary of Terms...Tab C Summary of changes to Queensland Government Departments... Tab D Abstract i Executive Summary ES.1 ES.1 Title of the Project... ES.1 ES.2 GKI Revitalisation Plan Objectives... ES.1 ES.3 ES.4 ES.3.1 ES.4.1 ES.4.2 ES.4.3 ES.4.4 ES.4.5 Project Description...ES.2 Resort Operation... ES.8 Key Changes to Revitalisation Plan Made During the EIS Process...ES.9 Increased Environmental Protection Precinct...ES.10 Improved Marina Design...ES.10 Innovative Wastewater Treatment Strategy...ES.15 Confirmed Commitment for the Resort s Energy Use to be Carbon Positive...ES.15 Infrastructure Footprint...ES.15 ES.5 ES.6 Project Proponent... ES.16 Project Location... ES.17 ES.7 Project Rationale...ES.23 ES.7.1 Economic Benefits... ES.25 ES.7.2 Employment Benefits... ES.26 ES.8 ES.9 History of European Settlement on GKI...ES.26 Project Area Existing Land Uses...ES.29 ES.10 Project Infrastructure...ES.37 ES.10.1 Energy... ES.37 ES.10.2 Water Cycle Management... ES.39
ES.11 ES.10.3 ES.10.4 ES.10.5 ES.11.1 ES.11.2 ES.12 ES.13 ES.13.1 ES.14 ES.14.1 ES.14.2 ES.14.3 ES.14.4 ES.14.5 ES.14.6 ES.14.7 ES.14.8 ES.14.9 Water Supply... ES.40 Stormwater Infrastructure...ES.41 Wastewater Infrastructure... ES.42 Legal Framework, Decision-Making Authorities and Advisory Agencies...ES.42 Plan of Development... ES.43 Submissions... ES.45 Outline of Alternative Options...ES.46 Construction...ES.46 Marina Construction... ES.49 Existing Environment, Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures...ES.51 Climate Change...ES.51 Topography, Geology and Soils...ES.52 Land Contamination...ES.53 Iconic Values... ES.54 Scenic Amenity and World Heritage Values... ES.54 Lighting...ES.59 Terrestrial Flora and Fauna...ES.59 Aquatic Ecology...ES.61 Matters of National Environmental Significance... ES.64 ES.14.10 Water Resources...ES.67 ES.14.11 Coastal Environment... ES.68 ES.14.12 Air Quality...ES.73 ES.14.13 Greenhouse Gases...ES.74 ES.14.14 Noise and Vibration...ES.75 ES.14.15 Waste...ES.76 ES.14.16 Transport...ES.78 ES.14.17 Indigenous Cultural Heritage...ES.81 ES.14.18 Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage... ES.82 ES.15 ES.16 ES.17 ES.18 Stakeholder Consultation and Social Impacts...ES.82 Cumulative Project Impacts of Associated Projects in the Region...ES.84 Proponent Commitments...ES.85 Conclusion and Recommendations...ES.85
1. Introduction 1 1.1 Project Proponent...3 1.1.1 GKI Resort Pty Ltd Policy...4 1.1.2 Environmental Record...5 1.2 Project Description...6 1.3 GKI Context...10 1.3.1 Overview of European Settlement on GKI...10 1.3.2 Current State of GKI...12 1.4 Project Rationale...18 1.5 Relationship to Other Projects...23 1.6 Alternatives to the Project...23 1.6.1 Options Analysis...24 1.6.2 Airstrip and Marina Alternatives... 34 1.7 The Environmental Impact Assessment Process...59 1.7.1 Methodology of the EIS...59 1.7.2 Objectives of the EIS... 64 1.7.3 Submissions... 66 1.8 Public Consultation Process...67 1.9 Project Approvals...69 1.9.1 Commonwealth Legislation...69 1.9.2 Queensland State Government Legislation...73 1.9.3 Local Government Approval Process...89 2. Description of the Project 92 2.1 Location and Tenure...92 2.2 Overview of the Project...101 2.2.1 GKI Revitalisation Plan Design Objectives...105 2.2.2 Resort Accommodation and Management...107 2.2.3 Revitalisation Plan Resort Precincts...109 2.3 Construction...129 2.3.1 Pre-construction Activities...129 2.3.2 Construction Program...137 2.3.3 Dredging...148
2.4 Associated Infrastructure... 151 2.4.1 Airstrip...151 2.4.2 Road Transport...155 2.4.3 Energy...163 2.4.4 Telecommunications...171 2.4.5 Water Supply and Storage...175 2.4.6 Stormwater Management...190 2.4.7 Wastewater...211 3. Environmental Values and Management of Impacts 239 3.1 Climate, Natural Hazards and Climate Change...241 3.1.1 Natural Hazards and Climate Change Adaptation...241 3.2 Land...264 3.2.1 Land Use and Tenure... 264 3.2.2 Scenic Amenity...277 3.2.3 Iconic Values...294 3.2.4 Lighting...296 3.2.5 Topography, Geology and Soils...299 3.2.6 Land Contamination...316 3.3 Nature Conservation...322 3.3.1 Sensitive Environmental Areas...322 3.3.2 Terrestrial Flora... 346 3.3.3 Terrestrial Fauna...387 3.3.4 Aquatic Ecology...421 3.4 Matters of National Environmental Significance...509 3.4.1 Introduction... 509 3.4.2 World Heritage Areas and National Heritage Places...512 3.4.3 Great Barrier Reef Marine Park... 540 3.4.4 Listed Threatened Flora and Fauna Species and Ecological Communities...575 3.4.5 Listed Migratory and Marine Species... 586 3.4.6 Commonwealth Marine Area...610 3.4.7 Summary...612 3.5 Water Resources... 614 3.5.1 Groundwater Resources...614 3.5.2 Surface Water...623 3.5.3 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures...630 3.5.4 Summary...662
3.6 Coastal Environment...664 3.6.1 Hydrodynamics and Sedimentation... 664 3.6.2 Potential Impacts and Mitigation...679 3.6.3 Climate Change Risk Assessment... 689 3.6.4 Sediment Quality...696 3.6.5 Water Quality...708 3.6.6 Risk Evaluation...740 3.7 Air Quality...745 3.7.1 Description of Environmental Values...745 3.7.2 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures...751 3.7.3 Summary...756 3.8 Greenhouse Gas Emissions...757 3.8.1 Description of Environmental Values...757 3.8.2 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures...759 3.8.3 Potential Impacts Summary...763 3.9 Noise and Vibration...764 3.9.1 Existing Airborne Noise and Vibration Environment...764 3.9.2 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures...768 3.9.3 Aircraft Noise...777 3.9.4 Summary... 784 3.10 Waste...785 3.10.1 Existing Waste Generation and Management...785 3.10.2 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures...793 3.10.3 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures...815 3.10.4 Waste Management Summary...819 3.11 Transport...820 3.11.1 Existing Transport Infrastructure...820 3.11.2 Transport Tasks and Routes...828 3.11.3 Forecasted Traffic Generation...829 3.11.4 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures...833 3.11.5 Road Infrastructure Alterations... 838 3.11.6 Transport Impact Management Strategies...839 3.11.7 Shipping Management Planning... 840 3.11.8 Air Service Management Planning... 849 3.12 Indigenous Cultural Heritage...851 3.12.1 Description of Existing Cultural Heritage Values...851 3.12.2 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures...862 3.13 Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage...865 3.13.1 Description of Existing Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Values...865 3.13.2 Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Summary and Recommendations...877
4. Social Values and Management of Impacts 881 4.1 Description of Existing Social Values...882 4.1.1 Social and Cultural Area... 882 4.1.2 Law and Order... 884 4.1.3 Emergency Services... 885 4.1.4 Housing... 887 4.1.5 Community Special Interest Organisations...892 4.1.6 Community Engagement...892 4.2 Social Baseline...921 4.2.1 Economic Characteristics...921 4.2.2 Settlement Patterns...924 4.2.3 Marine Uses...925 4.2.4 Demographic Profiles...934 4.3 Potential Social Impacts...950 4.3.1 Social Division on the Island...950 4.3.2 Construction Related Impacts on the Island...950 4.3.3 Traffic Management...951 4.3.4 Workforce Impacts...951 4.3.5 Economic Impact Benefit Capture...955 4.3.6 Lot 21 Impacts...955 4.3.7 Impacts on Housing and Accommodation...957 4.3.8 Impacts on Vulnerable Groups...957 4.3.9 Impacts on Yachters...958 4.3.10 Impacts on GKI s Local Visitors...958 4.3.11 Impacts on Social Infrastructure...958 4.3.12 Community Safety... 960 4.4 Mitigation Measures and Management Strategies...962 4.4.1 Monitoring...967 4.5 Summary...968 5. Economies and Management of Impacts 970 5.1 Economy...970 5.1.1 Description of Affected Local and Regional Economies...970 5.1.2 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures... 982 5.2 Sustainable Development...990 5.2.1 National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development...991 5.2.2 EarthCheck Precinct Planning and Design...995
6. Hazard and Risk 1005 6.1 Hazard and Risk Assessment...1005 6.1.1 Methodology... 1006 6.1.2 Environmental Impact Statement Risk Register...1007 6.1.3 Airstrip Hazards and Risk...1011 6.2 Health and Safety... 1017 6.2.1 Description of Public Health and Safety Community Values...1017 6.3 Evacuation and Emergency Response Plan...1024 6.3.1 Emergency Response, Training and Induction...1025 6.3.2 Fire Fighting...1025 6.3.3 Natural Disaster Strategy...1026 7. Cumulative Impacts 1028 7.1 Intra-Project Cumulative Impact...1028 7.2 Inter-Project Cumulative Effect...1045 7.2.1 Current Projects...1045 7.2.2 Existing Projects... 1046 7.2.3 Potential Impacts Associated with the Resort Developments...1050 8. Environmental Management Plan 1053 8.1 Purpose of EMP...1053 8.2 Objectives...1053 8.3 EMP Structure...1054 8.4 EMP Elements / Issues...1055 8.5 Responsibilities...1056 8.6 Competence, Training and Awareness...1057 8.7 Incident Management...1058 8.8 Incidents and Complaints Register...1058 8.9 Auditing...1058 8.10 Review...1059 9. Conclusions and Recommendations 1060 10. Bibliography 1064
APPENDIX Appendix A... Queensland State Government EIS Terms of Reference Appendix B...Australian Government EIS Guidelines Appendix C...Cross-Reference Table State Government EIS Terms of Reference and EIS Document Appendix D... Cross-Reference Table Australian Government Guidelines and EIS Document Appendix E...EPBC Protected Matters Report Appendix F... World Heritage Values Appendix G...Project Approvals Appendix H...Study Team Appendix I...Proponent s Environmental Policy Appendix J...List of Proponent Commitments Appendix K... Community Consultation Report Appendix L...Great Keppel Island Resort Revitalisation Plan Appendix M...Revitalisation Plan Architectural Ethos (WATG) Appendix N... Great Keppel Island Resort Revitalisation Plan of Development Appendix O... Environmental Management Plan Appendix P... Great Keppel Island Biodiversity Offset Strategy Appendix Q... Utilities Corridor Plan Appendix R... Airstrip Options Appendix S... Project Schedule Appendix T... Staging Plans Appendix U... Construction Management Plan Appendix V... Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Technical Report Appendix W... Aquatic Ecology Technical Report Appendix X... Climate Change Technical Report Appendix Y... Coastal Environment Technical Report Appendix Zi... Groundwater Supply Investigation Appendix Zii... Production Bore Installation and Testing Long Beach Aquifer Appendix Ziii... Additional Groundwater Investigation, Central Dune Sand Deposit Appendix Ziv...Assessment of Groundwater Resources Appendix Zv...Preliminary Geotechnical Assessment Appendix Zvi... Preliminary Acid Sulphate Soil Investigation Appendix Zvii...Groundwater Nutrient Transport Modelling Appendix AA...Erosion and Sediment Control Management Appendix AB... Flora and Fauna Technical Report Appendix AC... Forecast Economic Impacts Report Appendix AD... Marina and Vessel Management Aspects Report
Appendix AE... Noise and Vibration Technical Report Appendix AF... Non-Indigenous Cultural Heritage Assessment Appendix AG... Power and Telecommunications Infrastructure Report Appendix AH...Renewable Energy Analysis Report Appendix AI... Social Impact Assessment Report Appendix AJ... Sustainability Statement Appendix AK... Traffic Impacts Technical Report Appendix AL... Visual Assessment Technical Report Appendix AM... Waste Management Technical Report Appendix AN... Water Cycle Management Technical Report