MANILA BAY Integrated Water Quality Management Project Gerardo F. Parco March 13, 2014
Water Quality EMB have opened up access to some WQ data on the Open Data Initiative all of the monitoring stations within Manila are currently failing to meet water quality standards
Water Quality and Sanitation Currently fecal coliform levels in Manila Bay greatly exceed the DENR standard of 200 MPN per 100ml for Class B sea water levels of been more than 100,000 MPN per 100ml have been reported Nationally sanitation coverage is very low: 3% of the urban population defecate in the open 4% of the urban wastewater is treated 10% of the septage is treated Poor sanitation and wastewater management is directly linked to water quality; Domestic wastewater is the principal cause of organic pollution; estimated to be around 60% of the total pollution load Mandates and technical capacity for water quality and waste water are in different institutions; DENR and LGUs
Metro Manila (MWSS): The two concessionaires have started work to reduce the pollution load, however much remains to be done. Outside of Metro Manila: LGUs and WSPs are struggling to expand coverage of sanitation services
Manila Bay Clean-up Effort Supreme Court Mandate to clean up the bay; 2008 Court ruling that Manila Bay should be restored to and maintained at Class B (safe for swimming) The Mandate also identified the agencies responsible for the cleanup; DENR, MWSS and other agencies within the Metro Manila area DENR (for enforcement) and LGUs (for sanitation) immediately outside of Metro Manila The agencies are monitored against the Operational Plan for Manila Bay Coastal Strategy (2005 2025)
Addressing Pollution in Manila Bay Causes Lack of environmental enforcement Slow increases in service coverage Solutions Increase environmental enforcement Identification of WQMA Monitoring Public information Impose sanctions Increased coverage and improved service quality: Develop financing framework for the water and sanitation sector availability of and access to financing for CapEx and OpEx, guidance on funding sources, grant and loan mix to sanitation coverage and LGU counterpart funding. Develop infrastructure pipeline Invest in expanding sanitation and wastewater management services Support WSPs to address tariffs and improve O&M
DENR: Environmental Enforcement Executive Order No. 192 (1987) mandates the DENR to be the primary government agency responsible for the conservation, management, development, and proper use of the country s environment and natural resources Under the 2004 Clean Water Act DENR have a mandate to designate Water Quality Management Areas (WQMAs). To date DENR have focused on point source polluters such as industry instead of domestic wastewater For DENR to fulfill it s mandate for pollution prevention and control requires; Improved water quality monitoring, Development of water quality plans, Identification of priority areas for wastewater management investments
DENR: Environmental Enforcement DENR is developing its regulatory capacity in water quality management (supported by IWQMP Korean Trust Fund) including to: Define its future role in water quality management and developing a roadmap for implementation (including resources required, policy changes etc); Developing monitoring and evaluation systems for Manila Bay (MBRDC and MBCO Operations) Establish the institutional framework and mechanisms for management of the Manila Bay Catchment including Coordination Protocol for all agencies involved in Manila Bay Clean up, database and mapping, monitoring plans etc. Define the scope and types of wastewater management investment subprojects; detailed engineering design and economic analysis of the initial set of subprojects
Proposal Parallel Programs Two parallel and reinforcing programs: Water quality regulation; monitoring and enforcement Wastewater management improvements; to reduce domestic waste effluent Water quality regulation program would be implemented by DENR prepared under the Korean Trust Fund. The outputs from the WQ planning work of DENR would then inform the development of wastewater management Wastewater management improvements would be implemented through Water Service Providers using the financing framework developed. Wastewater management would be implemented in parallel with water supply improvements to support financial viability (increasing willingness to pay etc.) Long term phased program; water supply and wastewater in central Manila areas with MWSS and LGUs/WSPs and then rolling out the program to the Manila Bay catchment, in parallel with water quality planning by DENR
Program Objective Program DO: Improve Water Quality in Manila Bay to reach Class B water quality Project DO Indicators: WQMA in place and regularly monitored BOD from target catchment area is reduced Fecal coliforms reach 200ml MPN per 100 ml at discharge from target area Intermediate indicators linked to outputs water and wastewater coverage
Components Phased implementation Component 1: Water supply and wastewater management increasing coverage, efficiency and service quality in MWSS area (MWSS, LGUs and two concessionaires) Component 2: Water supply and wastewater management increasing coverage, efficiency and service quality in Manila Bay Catchment outside MWSS area (LGUs and WDs building on Korean Trust Fund) Component 3: Strengthening environmental enforcement capacity in Manila Bay Catchment (DENR building on Korean Trust Fund) Component 4: Strengthening capacity to support accelerated water and wastewater service coverage in Manila Bay catchment; (a) Support to project preparation; (b) Support to sustainable operations (DPWH, LWUA, MWSS, LGUs, WDs building on Financing framework)
Implementation Arrangements DPWH WSS Oversight Agency DENR DILG LWUA MWSS LGUs Private/Community WSPs WD/LGU Concessionaires