Emerald Ash Borer
Agenda Emerald Ash Borer Life Cycle Host Trees Recognizing EAB Signs & Symptoms Distribution Regulations Management Reporting Questions
Life Cycle
Life Cycle J a n F e b M a r A p r M a y J u n J u l A u g S e p O c t N o v D e c Immature (under bark) Adult (free living)
How Does EAB Kill Trees? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9g-0eg632oi
Host Trees
Ash Tree ID
http://www.ci.lakeville.mn.us/667/emerald-ash-borer Ash Tree ID
City of Lakeville Ash Population Top 5 Tree Types - Parks 9.50% 18.90% 9.80% Top 5 Tree Types - Facilities & Utilities 4.10% 9.10% 9.30% 36.70% 18.30% 18.80% 13.10% Maple Spruce Ash Oak Linden/Basswood Spruce Crabapple Pine Ash Juniper/Red Cedar http://www.ci.lakeville.mn.us/667/emerald-ash-borer
City of Lakeville Ash Population Top 5 Tree Types - Right-of-Ways 7.72% 7.46% 24.74% 17.19% 18.88% Maple Ash Spruce Linden/Basswood Crabapple http://www.ci.lakeville.mn.us/667/emerald-ash-borer
City of Lakeville Ash Population http://www.ci.lakeville.mn.us/667/emerald-ash-borer
City of Lakeville Ash Population City-Owned Ash Trees Total 2,538 1790 est. 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 688 600 400 200 0 Right-of-Way Park City Facility & Utility 60 http://www.ci.lakeville.mn.us/667/emerald-ash-borer
Recognizing EAB
Confirmation S shaped galleries EAB Larva
Confirmation 1/8 width D shaped exit holes EAB Adult
Signs & Symptoms
EAB Status Symptoms Symptom Progression Years Infested Small larvae present None 1 Large larvae present / Emerging adults Increasing larvae numbers Woodpecking possible 2 Woodpecking likely Bark splits possible Canopy impacts visible 4 Dead trees present 5-6 3
Woodpecker Damage Mid / Top canopy Branches 3-6 in diameter Bark transitions to rough Bark blonding / flaking Woodpecker holes Dime sized Light colored Oval shaped
Woodpecker Damage
Woodpecker Damage
Bark Splits
Native Damage Trunk Lower canopy Characteristic ash Dead limbs
Distribution
Interactive Map status Closest known infested ash tree
NE Lakeville: Generally Infested
Slow Spread Cold weather Education Outreach Aggressive management Quarantines Sanitation 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% % of Counties Infested with EAB by Years of Infestation U.S. Average (31 states) Minnesota Updated 9/8/2017 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Years of Infestation
Regulations mda.state.mn.us
Minnesota Quarantines Generally infested area in green within red EAB quarantined counties Restricted movement of Ash EAB All Hardwood Firewood (<4 feet in length)
Management
Best Management Practices May 2 through September 30 EAB Active Period Avoid removal of ash branches, trees, stumps October 1 through May 1 EAB Dormant Period Conduct pruning, removal of ash as desired Use all wood on site by May 1, or dispose of
Property Owner Management Options Removals Before EAB Trees exhibiting woodpecker damage Dead trees Treatments Before EAB After EAB infests a tree Do Nothing = False option Management choices decrease, price goes up
City of Lakeville Management Options Education & Outreach Inspections of suspicious ash Presentations/booths in community Ordinances Many cities require removal of infested trees from private land Policies Encourage species diversity Change timing for in-house ash tree work Favor removal unless tree is worth investment of treatment
City of Lakeville Management Options Structured Removals % each year Before EAB Poor and some fair condition Tree Replacements Parks and City Facilities Diverse species Treatments Before EAB vs. After EAB infests a tree based on budget Homeowner Bulk Treatment program
Considering Insecticides How close is EAB? How healthy is the tree? What is the tree s physical condition? How large is the tree? How close to water or storm drain? How many ash are there? How important is the tree?
Insecticide Treatments What is the risk? What about pollinators? Is your ash within 25 of a water body or storm drain? Treatments need to be repeated Timing is everything
Considering Insecticides What types? How much does it cost a homeowner? Example: Stem injection of emamectin benzoate based on diameter of tree and rate (medium to high appropriate) Without bulk treatment program, a 12 tree costs $96-120 ($8-10 per diameter) With bulk treatment program, a 12 tree costs $66-81 ($5.50-6.75 per diameter)
Insecticide Treatments Measure your ash tree
How Insecticides Work Systemic Moves up the xylem and into leaves Affects adults Can also move to the phloem and affect larvae
Other Programs
Forested Environments Egg Parasitoid Oobius agrili Larval Parasitoid Tetrastichus planipennisi Larval Parasitoid Spathius galinae
Biosurveillance Smoky winged beetle bandit wasp Cerceris fumipennis Volunteer Program Wasp Watchers
Reporting
Arrest the Pest Take pictures and notes Capture the insect or take a sample of the plant Report City forester, Emily Ball GLEDN app (Great Lakes Early Detection Network)
Thank you! Jennifer Burington Plant Health Specialist jennifer.burington@state.mn.us 651-201-6097 Emily Ball Lakeville City Forester eball@lakevillemn.gov 952-985-2724