Perspectives on Glyphosate Technologies in Turf and Ornamentals
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1 Perspectives on Glyphosate Technologies in Turf and Ornamentals Shawn D. Askew Virginia Tech Weed Science
2 How most homeowners view glyphosate technology.
3 Glyphosate Resistant Creeping Bentgrass The latest Technological Development from Monsanto and The Scotts Company
4 Overview Virginia Tech Research Since 2000 Phase I, II, & III Cultivar Screens Putting green and Fairway Establishment Benefits of GRCB for Putting Green Mgt. Alternative herbicides for Bentgrass Control Regulatory Progress to Date
5 Phase I, II, & III Cultivar Screens: Comparison of GRCB to Conventional Cultivars under Fairway Conditions
6 Summary GRCB displayed similar characteristics to four popular creeping bentgrass cultivars (L-93, Penncross, Penn A-4, and Crenshaw). Penneagle and Providence exhibited decreased color and quality during summer months but were otherwise similar to GRCB.
7 Converting Established Putting Greens to Glyphosate-Resistant Creeping Bentgrass
8 Trial Initiation (Step 1) Treat with Glyphosate then Core Aerate
9 Trial Initiation (Step 2) Verticut in Two Directions
10 Trial Initiation (Step 3) Top Dress with Sand, Seed, Final Top Dressing
11 Putting Green Thatch is a Barrier to Seedling Establishment Conditions at planting 15 Days after planting (DAP)
12 1 Year Later Image Taken Oct 20, 2004 Image Taken Oct 20, 2003 Oct 3, 2003 Sep 10, 2003 Aug
13 Summary Increase seeding rates on thatchy greens Substantial disruption of thatch layer required prior to seeding Optional methods of thatch layer disruption Thick Thatch Layer Verticut/aerate in two direction Removal of sod - seed into bare soil (Dant, L) Thin Thatch Layer TIP Green Spiker (Dant, L) Terra Combi Spiker (Dant, L)
14 Benefits of RRCB on Putting Greens
15 Hypothetical Benefits of RRCB Reduced Pesticide due to control of annual bluegrass (AB) 300,000 # fungicide for anthracnose & brown patch on AB 16,000 # insecticide for AB weevil 17,000 # plant growth regulators to suppress AB seedheads 125,000 # fumigant to eliminate AB in soil 75,000 # less herbicide needed Simplified & more effective BMP for irrigation, fertility, cultivation, pest control Improved playing conditions & aesthetics
16 0% 20% 50% 80%
17 Alternatives to Glyphosate for Creeping Bentgrass Control Fluazifop Clethodim Sethoxydim Imazapyr Glufosinate Paraquat Diuron Paraquat Metribuzin Hexazinone Dichlobenil Mesotrione Isoxaflutole Dazomet Imazaquin Foramsulfuron Nicosulfuron Primisulfuron Trifloxysulfuron Rimsulfuron Methyl bromide
18 Introduction Creeping bentgrass is predominately a weed of turfgrass and riparian areas Glyphosate is currently used to control bentgrass in turfgrass and riparian areas Glyphosate-resistant creeping bentgrass is under evaluation by Scotts Company and Monsanto Company Alternative herbicidal controls are needed since glyphosate resistance can move via pollen or seed to nontarget areas
19 NTC GLY DAZ GLU MES 6 DAT
20 MES GLU DAZ GLY DAT
21 Numerous Alternatives Available
22 Glyphosate Tolerant Bentgrass Progress Scotts consultation with the USDA on the deregulation of GTCB Initiated discussions regarding bentgrass and plans in Spring, 2000 Formal petition (420+ pg) submitted to USDA on April 14, 2003 o summary of over 25 experiments, 70 environments, 2-3 years. USDA letter deems petition complete on October 9, 2003 Preliminary Risk Assessment (RA) published January 5, 2004 o GTCB is no different from traditional bentgrass- morphology, adaptation Public comment period for preliminary RA completed March 5, 2004 o 72% of 471 respondents (including 100 academics) support deregulation o USFS and BLM express concern: control, outcrossing Weed Science Society of America report to APHIS April 27, 2004 o Summary of comments from over 90 weed scientists polled o No issues of major concern, no increased risk over other bentgrasses o Bentgrass and sexually compatible species widespread o Agrostis and hybrids rarely weeds, GTCB similar, alternative controls available o Report available on web Provided by The Scotts Company
23 Glyphosate Tolerant Bentgrass Progress Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Initiated - Sept 24, 2004 Guided by federal regulations (NEPA) to consider all issues Scotts supportive of effort Transparent process with public input Scoping session to allow all groups to identify issues that need to be addressed 2 Public meetings during May. DC and Oregon - few attendees = lack of concern Survey of Land Managers ends on Nov 15, 2005 no new issues Draft EIS completion anticipated during spring 2006 Final decision and determination anticipated during 2007 Outcome: approval, denial, approval with restrictions Provided by The Scotts Company
24 Questions?
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