New Herbicide Technologies for Roadside Vegetation Management
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- Jocelin George
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1 New Herbicide Technologies for Roadside Vegetation Management Patrick McCullough, Ph.D. Associate Professor University of Georgia
2 indaziflam Trade Name: Esplanade Cellulose synthesis inhibitor Similar to isoxaben Use Preemergence, 3.5 to 7 oz/acre Warm-season grasses only Excellent activity on grassy and broadleaf weeds Tool for resistance management
3 Preemergence Herbicide Rates Rate (lbs a.i./acre) Low Rate High Rate 0 Indaziflam Dithiopyr Prodiamine Oxadiazon
4 prodiamine indaziflam
5 Esplanade (3.5 oz/acre) + NIS Treated 11/7/2013 in Bermudagrass Photo:
6 Esplanade + Milestone ( oz/acre) + NIS Treated 9/11/2013 in Bermudagrass Picture: 4/17/2014
7 October application November application Esplanade at 2.5 oz/acre Pictures: Jan. 20, 2011
8 Buckhorn Plantain (1 MAT)
9 Roundup + Milestone Roundup + Milestone + Esplanade 1 MAT
10 Nontreated Esplanade (indaziflam)
11 Nontreated indaziflam 27 g ai/ha 54 g ai/ha 108 g ai/ha
12 Buckhorn Plantain Control 9 WAT ( ) Indaziflam at 0 g ai/ha Indaziflam at 55 g ai/ha * Control (%) * * * ,4-D 2,4-D + dicamba + MCPP fluroxypyr metsulfuron simazine *Significant at P = 0.05
13 Esplanade + Milestone (5 + 5 oz/acre) + NIS Treated 9/11/2013 in Bermudagrass Picture: 4/17/2014
14 Bermudagrass Release 4 MAT, 2012 (Spring Timing) 100 LSD = 14 Bermudagrass Cover (%) Milestone Milestone + Esplanade Pastora Perspective Plateau Nontreated
15 Bermudagrass Release 4 MAT, 2012 (Summer Timing) 100 LSD = 12 Bermudagrass Cover (%) Milestone Milestone + Esplanade Pastora Perspective Plateau Nontreated
16 Esplanade + Milestone ( oz/acre) + NIS Treated 9/18/2013 in Tall Fescue Picture: 4/17/2014
17 Dinitroaniline Resistant Goosegrass Control Griffin, GA (9/19/11) LSD = 32 Control (%) Esplanade (indaziflam) Ronstar Barricade 3.75 oz/acre 2x 2 lb ai/acre 2x 0.65 lb ai/acre 2x
18
19 DuraZone Indaziflam + glyphosate Homeowner product Durazone 7 DAT
20 Esplanade Summary Efficacious PRE herbicide Early POST herbicide Excellent tank-mix partner with POST herbicides to enhance weed control Resistance management Recommendations Use 3.5 to 5 oz/acre with Milestone or Milestone + Accord in late fall/early winter for ryegrass control and winter weed control
21 Derigo New herbicide from Bayer Released in 2015 Product available soon Contains three ALS inhibitors Thiencarbazone-methyl (36.4%) Foramsulfuron-sodium (24%) Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium (2.4%)
22 Dallisgrass Control - October 21 McCarty, CU Untreated Tribute Total 3.24 oz 8-15 & DALT
23 Derigo for Use in Roadsides Potential new tool for roadside managers MSMA replacement? Enhance competition of roadside turfgrass with weeds Growth regulation of grasses to improve visibility and safety of roadsides
24 Photo: 7/17/13 Johnsongrass Control with Derigo Application: 6/21/13
25 12 WAT Nontreated Derigo 3 oz/acre
26 Derigo 3 oz/acre (16 WAT)
27 Indaziflam + Derigo Applied 11/2/13 Photo: 4/24/14
28 Nontreated Derigo 2 oz/acre 6 WAT Treatment: June 11, 2013 Derigo 3 oz/acre Derigo 4 oz/acre
29 Bahiagrass Seedhead Control (2013) WAT 12 WAT 80 Control (%) Derigo 1.5 Derigo 3 Derigo 4 imazapic 3 sulfometuron 1 Herbicide Rate (oz/acre)
30 Bahiagrass Seedhead Control (2013) WAT 12 WAT * * 80 Control (%) Derigo 1.5 Derigo 3 Derigo 4 imazapic 3 sulfometuron 1 Herbicide Rate (oz/acre)
31 Bahiagrass Vegetation Height (12 WAT, 2013) LSD = 7 40 Height (cm) Nontreated Derigo 1.5 Derigo 3 Derigo 4 imazapic 3 sulfometuron 1 Herbicide Rate (oz/acre)
32 100 Bahiagrass Seedhead Control (12 WAT, 2014) 80 Control (%) Derigo 1.5 Derigo 2 Derigo 3 Derigo 4 imazapic 3 sulfometuron 53 Herbicide Rate (oz/acre)
33 Catsear Dandelion Control 100 (12 WAT, 2014) LSD = Control (%) Derigo 1.5 Derigo 2 Derigo 3 Derigo 4 imazapic 3 sulfometuron 1 Herbicide Rate (oz/acre)
34 Broomsedge and Vaseygrass
35 Broomsedge Control (12 WAT) Treatment applied 6/14/ NIS MSO LSD = Control (%) Derigo 76 Derigo 102 Derigo 127 imazapic 70 Pastora 75 MSMA 2240 Herbicide Rate (g ai/ha)
36 Vaseygrass Control (12 WAT) Treatment applied 6/25/ NIS MSO LSD = Control (%) Derigo 76 Derigo 115 Derigo 153 imazapic 70 Pastora 75 Herbicide Rate (g ai/ha)
37 Derigo Efficacy on Weeds Evaluated Derigo at 3 oz/acre Good (80 to 89%) to excellent (90 to 100%) Catsear dandelion, tall fescue, buckhorn plantain, and bahiagrass seedheads Fair control (70 to 79%) Vaseygrass Poor control Broomsedge
38 Derigo Research at UGA ( ) Strengths Broadleaf weeds and fescue control for bermudagrass release in spring Growth regulation of bahiagrass plus weed control Suppression/control of vaseygrass Potential uses for roadsides Seedhead control and vegetation suppression Use in sequential programs with MSMA for vaseygrass control
39 Derigo Summary Good herbicide for problem weed control Grassy and broadleaf weeds Activity on perennial weeds and bahiagrass growth regulation Consider tank-mixtures in areas with history of ALS inhibitor use (Oust, Plateau, etc.)
40 Piper (flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone) Formulation: Piper 76WG Chlorophyll (PPO) synthesis inhibitor + Multiple MOA Weeds Controlled Flumioxazin: PRE, POST grasses, annual BLWs Pyroxasulfone: POST grassy weeds
41 Piper 76% WG 8 oz/a Application: 12/9/14 Photo: 1/6/15
42 Piper 8 oz/a Accord XRT 18 fl oz/a Application: 12/9/14 Photo: 1/6/15
43 Matrix at 2 oz/acre Matrix at 2 oz/acre + flumioxazin 0.38 lb ai/acre 1 Month After Treatments
44 Photo: 7/11/13 Application: 4/16/13 Glyphomax XRT 5.4 lb/gal SL 38 fl oz/ac Piper 76% WG 10 oz/a Prodiamine 65% WG 2.3 lb/ac
45 flumioxazin Trade Name: Payload Family: N- phenylphthalimide derivative Mode of action: Chlorophyll (PPO) synthesis inhibitor Weeds: Postemergence control of broadleaf and grassy weeds, short residual but some PRE activity
46 Payload (flumioxazin) 12 oz/acre 1 Month After Treatment
47 100 Smooth Crabgrass Control (189 DAA, 132 DAB) 9/12/11 LSD = 5 Control (%) Sureguard 0.38 lb ai/acre Barricade 0.75 lb ai/acre
48 Flumioxazin Applied to Actively Growing Tifway Bermudagrass Treated on 3/16/2012 (1 WAT) 6 oz/acre 12 oz/acre 24 oz/acre
49 Flumioxazin at 12 oz/acre, Mar. 7, 2011 Picture: August 5, 2011
50 Centipedegrass Treated with Payload at 12 oz/acre in April 2 WAT 6 WAT
51 Piper and Payload Summary PRE + POST weed control Resistance management Flumioxazin advantages use near water bodies Excellent tank-mix partner with POST herbicides
52 $45/acre and there is over 700,000 acres managed by the Georgia DOT.
53 Growth regulation costs $12/acre and is used to replace mowing operations
54 Broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus)
55 imazapic (Plateau) Growth regulation (75 to 200 g ai/ha) ALS inhibitor herbicide Reduces seedhead height, seedhead number, and vegetative growth Imazapic use in Georgia Reduces mowing and saves money on maintenance Improves visibility and safety of roadside turf for motorists
56 Differential growth regulation with imazapic
57 MSMA Very effective on broomsedge Not used by DOT since 2000 Currently has restrictions by EPA task force Highway Right of Ways: 2 applications per year Buffer restriction by water bodies
58 Objectives To evaluate: Efficacy of imazapic for growth regulation of broomsedge and bermudagrass ALS enzyme inhibition from imazapic in these species Imazapic use with MSMA for broomsedge control
59 3 WAT Broomsedge Bermudagrass imazapic (g a.i. ha -1 )
60
61 nicosulfuron 98 g ai/ha 2x nicosulfuron 98 g ai/ha (2x) MSMA at 2 kg ai/ha (2x) Pictures: June 24, 2014 (8 MAIT) imazapic at 105 g ai/ha (2x) imazapic at 105 g ai/ha (2x) MSMA at 2 kg ai/ha (2x)
62 Broomsedge Control 9 MAIT Pooled over years ( ) 100 LSD = 4 80 Control (%) imazapic nicosulfuron MSMA + imazapic MSMA + nicosulfuron MSMA
63 Broomsedge Control 12 MAIT Pooled over years ( ) LSD = 9 Control (%) imazapic nicosulfuron MSMA + imazapic MSMA + nicosulfuron MSMA
64 Results and Discussion Field Experiments Imazapic provided no control of broomsedge MSMA treatments provided good control (81%) of broomsedge at 12 MAIT, however tank-mixtures with imazapic reduced control to 45% Antagonism from imazapic was not explained by reduced absorption or translocation of 14 C-MSMA in lab
65 Recommendations Imazapic may release broomsedge on roadsides by inhibiting competitive growth of bermudagrass. MSMA is critical for controlling broomsedge and other Andropogon species in Georgia roadside turf. Recommendations under current MSMA restrictions Two applications of 2 lb ai/acre in late summer/fall Avoid tank-mixtures of imazapic with MSMA
66 Resistance
67
68 Alan York, NCSU Progression of Year 1 Herbicide Resistance Year 3 Year 2 Year 4 Year 5
69
70 Ryegrass in Bermudagrass
71
72 R S Roundup Pro 32 oz/acre
73 Vaseygrass Control in roadsides: MSMA Imazapic (Plateau) Derigo Pastora (nicosulfuron + metsulfuron) sethoxydim
74
75 R Nontreated S R imazapic 18 g ai/ha S R sulfometuron 53 g ai/ha S R nicosulfuron 70 g ai/ha S
76 glyphosate 420 g ae/ha
77 MSMA 2.2 kg ai/ha
78 Annual sedge (Cyperus compressus)
79
80 Sedgehammer (halosulfuron) at 1.3 oz/acre
81 ALS-Resistant Sedge Control with MSMA
82 Acknowledgements Seth Williams, Bill Nutt, Henry Jordan, and Dr. Jialin Yu from UGA for technical support. Bayer for supporting this research. Georgia Department of Transportation
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