HSC Biology 9.2 Maintaining a Balance Skills Mapping HSC Course Experiences. Outcome

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1 Skill 1. Most organisms are active in a limited temperature range identify data, plan, choose equipment or re and perform a firsthand to demonstrate the effect of: increased temperature change in ph change in substrate concentrations on the activity of a named enzyme Students design their own controlled experiment on factors affecting enzyme activity using liver or potato or pepsin or rennin or amylase (diastase) Focus on Life Chapter 1 or Biology 2 Activity Book p29 The Facilitators or Biology Practicals for Senior Students p29 or Senior Biology Practical Manual p37 Enzymes: biological catalysts; p38 Enzymes and living tissues; p39 Phosphorylase: a building-up enzyme; p41 Amylase: a breaking down enzyme; p43 The effect of ph on the activity of catalase; p45 The effect of temperature on the activity of amylase. (suggestion open-ended or use data loggers to measure change in ph or colour intensity) Perform Internet simulation of enzyme activity using LabBench Assessment task openended on effect of ph on enzyme activity 12.1 perform firsthand 12.2 gather firsthand 12.1a) carrying out the planned procedure, recognizing where and when modifications are needed and analysing the effect of these adjustments 12.1b) efficiently undertaking the planned procedure to minimise hazards and wastage of re 12.1c) disposing carefully and safely of any waste materials produced during the 12.1d) identifying and using safe work practices during 12.2a) using appropriate data collection techniques, employing appropriate technologies, including data loggers and sensors 12.2b) measuring, observing and recording results in accessible and recognisable forms, carrying out repeat trials as appropriate 12.4a) assess the accuracy of any measurements and calculations and the relative importance of the data and gathered 12.4c) best illustrate trends and patterns by selecting and using appropriate methods, including computer assisted analysis 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 1/19

2 Skill H14 assesses the validity of conclusions from gathered data and H11 justifies the appropriateness of a particular plan 14.1 analyse 11.2 plan first-hand to: media to present data and 13.1f) selecting and drawing appropriate graphs to convey relationships clearly and accurately 13.1g) identifying situations where use of a curve of best fit is appropriate to present graphical 14.1a) identify trends, patterns and relationships as well as contradictions in data and 14.1b) justify inferences and conclusions 14.1c) identify and explain how data supports or refutes an hypothesis, a prediction or a proposed solution to a problem 11.2a) demonstrate the use of the terms dependent and independent to describe variables involved in the 11.2b) identify variables that needed to be kept constant, develop strategies to ensure that these variables are kept constant, and demonstrate the use of a control 11.2c) design that allow valid and reliable data and to be collected 11.2d) describe and trial procedures to undertake and explain why a procedure, a sequence of procedures or the repetition of procedures is appropriate 11.2e) predict possible issues that may arise during the course of an and identify strategies to address these issues if necessary 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 2/19

3 Skill 1. Most organisms are active in a limited temperature range (cont.) gather, process and analyse and use available evidence to develop a model of a feedback mechanism interpret diagrams of feedback mechanisms (e.g. water balance, temperature control, breathing rate) using Active Biology p112 Homeostasis or other H14 assesses the validity of conclusions from gathered data and 14.1 analyse 14.3 use available evidence to: 14.1f) use models, including mathematical ones, to explain phenomena and/or make predictions 14.1g) use cause and effect relationships to explain phenomena 14.3a) design and produce creative solutions to problems 14.3b) propose ideas that demonstrate coherence and logical progression and include correct use of scientific principles and ideas 14.3d) formulate cause and effect relationships 13.1e) using a variety of pictorial representations to show relationships and present clearly and succinctly 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 3/19

4 Skill 1. Most organisms are active in a limited temperature range (cont.) gather, process and analyse to distinguish between ectotherms and endotherms, name Australian examples and use available evidence to describe adaptations or responses of these organisms that assist temperature regulation brainstorm Australian examples of ectotherms and endotherms library or Internet research on Australian ectotherms and endotherms Heinemann Biology Activity Manual Australian ectotherms and endotherms Experiment: model the effect of shape on temperature regulation - Biology Practicals for Senior Students p122 Model organisms and collect temperature changes using data loggers Instant lessons in Biology Control of body temperature Biology Two Activity Manual Temperature tales of marsupials and other mammals discuss diagrams from Advanced human biology p Temperature control in endothermic organisms 12.3a) accessing a range of re, including popular techniques to identify useful in 12.3c) extracting numerical data in graphs and tables as well as written and spoken material in all its forms a range of re 12.4d) evaluate the validity of first-hand and secondary data in relation to the area of and secondary data by considering various media to present data and methods to acknowledge of 13.1e) using a variety of pictorial representations to show relationships and present clearly and succinctly 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 4/19

5 Skill 2. Plants and animals transport dissolved nutrients and gases in a watery medium identify data, plan, choose equipment or re and perform a firsthand to demonstrate the effect of dissolved carbon dioxide on the ph of water Experiment: blow into methylene blue solution and observe colour change (possible use of data loggers) H11 justifies the appropriateness of a particular plan 11.1 identify data to: 11.2 plan first-hand to: 11.3 choose equipment or re 12.1 perform firsthand 11.1e) recommend the use of an appropriate technology or strategy for data collection or gathering that will assist efficient future analysis 11.2c) design that allow valid and reliable data and to be collected 11.3a) identifying and/or setting up the most appropriate equipment or combination of equipment needed to undertake the 12.1a) carrying out the planned procedure, recognising where and when modifications are needed and analysing the effect of these adjustments 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 5/19

6 Skill 2. Plants and animals transport dissolved nutrients and gases in a watery medium (cont.) perform a firsthand using the light microscope and prepared slides to gather to estimate the size of red and white blood cells and draw scaled diagrams of each Experiment: use prepared blood slides and microscope grids or plastic rulers to estimate the size of red blood cells (Core Biology Practical Manual or Heinemann Biology Activity Manual) H11 justifies the appropriateness of a particular plan 11.1 identify data to: 11.3 choose equipment or re 12.2 gather firsthand 11.1c) identify the orders of magnitude that will be appropriate and the uncertainty that may be present in the measurement of data 11.1d) identify and use correct units for data that will be collected 11.3a) identifying and/or setting up the most appropriate equipment or combination of equipment needed to undertake the 11.3c) identifying technology that would be used during determining its suitability and effectiveness for its potential role in the procedure or 12.2a) using appropriate data collection techniques, employing appropriate technologies, including data loggers and sensors 12.2b) measuring, observing and recording results in accessible and recognisable forms, carrying out repeat trials as appropriate media to present data and 13.1e) using a variety of pictorial representations to show relationships and present clearly and succinctly 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 6/19

7 Skill 2. Plants and animals transport dissolved nutrients and gases in a watery medium (cont.) 2. Plants and animals transport dissolved nutrients and gases in a watery medium (cont.) compare the structure of arteries, capillaries and veins in relation to their function describe the main changes in the chemical composition of the blood as it moves around the body and identify tissues in which these changes occur Experiment: observe prepared slides of artery and vein tissue under the microscope and draw diagrams use a diagram of mammalian circulation to identify tissues of high and low oxygen, carbon dioxide and glucose H11 justifies the appropriateness of a particular plan H14 assesses the validity of conclusions from gathered data and 11.3 choose equipment or re 12.2 gather firsthand 14.1 analyse 11.3a) identifying and/or setting up the most appropriate equipment or combination of equipment needed to undertake the 12.2a) using appropriate data collection techniques, employing appropriate technologies, including data loggers and sensors 12.2b) measuring, observing and recording results in accessible and recognisable forms, carrying out repeat trials as appropriate media to present data and 13.1e) using a variety of pictorial representations to show relationships and present clearly and succinctly 14.1g) use cause and effect relationships to explain phenomena 14.1f) use models, including mathematical ones, to explain phenomena and/or make predictions 13.1e) using a variety of pictorial representations to show relationships and present clearly and succinctly 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 7/19

8 Skill 2. Plants and animals transport dissolved nutrients and gases in a watery medium (cont.) gather, process and analyse to identify and describe the products extracted from donated blood and the uses of these products Internet research on blood products Bloodstream 1 unit 1.3 Taking blood apart and Bloodstream 3 unit 3.7 Where, oh where, has my precious blood gone? Heinemann Biology Activity Manual Blood products 12.3a) accessing a range of re, including popular techniques to identify useful in 12.3c) extracting numerical data in graphs and tables as well as written and spoken material in all its forms a range of re 12.4d) evaluate the validity of first-hand and secondary data in relation to the area of and secondary data by considering various media to present data and methods to acknowledge of 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 8/19

9 Skill 2. Plants and animals transport dissolved nutrients and gases in a watery medium (cont.) gather, process and analyse to identify current technologies that allow measurement of oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide concentrations in blood and describe and explain the conditions under which these technologies are used Internet research or read Heinemann Biology for on oxygen measurement Heinemann Biology Activity Manual Measuring blood gases 12.3a) accessing a range of re, including popular techniques to identify useful in 12.3c) extracting numerical data in graphs and tables as well as written and spoken material in all its forms a range of re 12.4d) evaluate the validity of first-hand and secondary data in relation to the area of and secondary data by considering various media to present data and methods to acknowledge of 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 9/19

10 Skill 2. Plants and animals transport dissolved nutrients and gases in a watery medium (cont.) gather, process, analyse and present to report on progress in the production of artificial blood and use available evidence to propose reasons why such research is needed Internet research to investigate current progress in artificial blood and reasons for developing it (Hepatitis C, religious reasons, HIV, unusual blood groups, reactions, etc.) 12.3a) accessing a range of re, including popular techniques to identify useful in 12.3c) extracting numerical data in graphs and tables as well as written and spoken material in all its forms a range of re 12.4d) evaluate the validity of first-hand and secondary data in relation to the area of and secondary data by considering various media to present data and methods to acknowledge of 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 10/19

11 Skill 2. Plants and animals transport dissolved nutrients and gases in a watery medium (cont.) choose equipment or re to perform a firsthand to gather firsthand data to draw transverse and longitudinal sections of phloem and xylem Experiment: prepare slides of stems of celery or spinach using eosin dye (see Biology One Activity Manual p153 Tubes for transport) or use prepared slides of Helianthus and draw accurate block diagrams H11 justifies the appropriateness of a particular plan 12.2 gather firsthand 11.3 choose equipment or re 12.2a) using appropriate data collection techniques, employing appropriate technologies, including data loggers and sensors 12.2b) measuring, observing and recording results in accessible and recognisable forms, carrying out repeat trials as appropriate 11.3a) identifying and/or setting up the most appropriate equipment or combination of equipment needed to undertake the media to present data and 13.1e) using a variety of pictorial representations to show relationships and present clearly and succinctly 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 11/19

12 Skill 2. Plants and animals transport dissolved nutrients and gases in a watery medium (cont.) gather, process, analyse and present to compare the movement of materials through mammals and flowering plants prepare a table to compare the movement of materials through mammals and flowering plants H14 assesses the validity of conclusions from gathered data and 14.1 analyse 12.3a) accessing a range of re, including popular techniques to identify useful in a range of re and secondary data by considering various media to present data and methods to acknowledge of 14.1a) identify trends, patterns and relationships as well as contradictions in data and 14.1e) make and justify generalisations 14.1g) use cause and effect relationships to explain phenomena 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 12/19

13 Skill 3. Plants and animals regulate the concentration of gases, water and waste products of metabolism in cells and in interstitial fluid perform a firsthand of the structure of a mammalian kidney by dissection, use of a model or visual resource and identify the regions involved in the excretion of waste products Experiment: dissect a kidney - refer to Biology One p157 Fine tuned fitters or Biology Enquiries - Kidney Function set 32 or Biology Today Practical Manual p62 Kidney Function use ADAM CD- ROM to explore structure and function of the kidney H11 justifies the appropriateness of a particular plan 12.1 perform firsthand 11.3 choose equipment or re 12.1b) efficiently undertaking the planned procedure to minimise hazards and wastage of re 12.1c) disposing carefully and safely of any waste materials produced during the 12.1d) identifying and using safe work practices during and secondary data by considering various media to present data and 13.1e) using a variety of pictorial representations to show relationships and present clearly and succinctly 11.3a) identifying and/or setting up the most appropriate equipment or combination of equipment needed to undertake the 11.3b) carrying out a risk assessment of intended experimental procedures and identifying and addressing potential hazards 11.3c) identifying technology that would be used during determining its suitability and effectiveness for its potential role in the procedure or 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 13/19

14 Skill 3. Plants and animals regulate the concentration of gases, water and waste products of metabolism in cells and in interstitial fluid (cont.) gather, process and analyse to compare the process of renal dialysis with the function of the kidney Interpret secondary data to prepare a table comparing renal dialysis with the function of the kidney GCSE Biology or Heinemann Biology p258 or Advanced Human Biology through Diagrams p107 Year 12 Biology p100 Kidney dialysis Heinemann Biology Activity Manual Renal dialysis 12.3a) accessing a range of re, including popular techniques to identify useful in 12.3c) extracting numerical data in graphs and tables as well as written and spoken material in all its forms a range of re 12.4d) evaluate the validity of first-hand and secondary data in relation to the area of and secondary data by considering various media to present data and methods to acknowledge of 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 14/19

15 Skill 3. Plants and animals regulate the concentration of gases, water and waste products of metabolism in cells and in interstitial fluid (cont.) gather, process, analyse and present to outline the general use of hormone replacement therapy in people who cannot secrete aldosterone and use available evidence to discuss the importance of this therapy Internet research on Addison s disease read Heinemann Biology p263 on aldosterone and HRT Heinemann Biology Activity Manual Replacing hormones 12.3a) accessing a range of re, including popular techniques to identify useful in 12.3c) extracting numerical data in graphs and tables as well as written and spoken material in all its forms a range of re 12.4d) evaluate the validity of first-hand and secondary data in relation to the area of and secondary data by considering various media to present data and methods to acknowledge of 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 15/19

16 Skill 3. Plants and animals regulate the concentration of gases, water and waste products of metabolism in cells and in interstitial fluid (cont.) gather, process and analyse to compare and explain the differences in urine concentration of terrestrial mammals, marine fish and freshwater fish process and analyse from secondary and use available evidence to explain the relationship between the conservation of water and the production and excretion of concentrated nitrogenous wastes in a range of Australian insects and terrestrial mammals prepare a table to compare excretion in terrestrial mammals, marine fish and freshwater fish Instant lessons in Biology 3 p38 Nephron Structure and environmental adaptation Year 11 Biology p Instant lessons in Biology 3 p36 Water Balance and nitrogen excretion in aquatic and terrestrial animals Biology Two Activity Manual p159 Kidneys and water loss H14 assesses the validity of conclusions from gathered data and 14.1 analyse 12.3a) accessing a range of re, including popular techniques to identify useful in 12.3c) extracting numerical data in graphs and tables as well as written and spoken material in all its forms a range of re 12.4d) evaluate the validity of first-hand and secondary data in relation to the area of and secondary data by considering various media to present data and methods to acknowledge of 14.1a) identify trends, patterns and relationships as well as contradictions in data and 14.1e) make and justify generalisations 14.1g) use cause and effect relationships to explain phenomena 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 16/19

17 Skill 3. Plants and animals regulate the concentration of gases, water and waste products of metabolism in cells and in interstitial fluid (cont.) perform a firsthand to gather about structures in plants that assist in the conservation of water Experiment: examine plants for adaptations that assist with water conservation, such as: hairy leaves, sunken stomates, waxy cuticle, stomate reduced/underside, reduced leaf size Instant lessons in Biology 3 p31 Gas exchange and conserving water in terrestrial plants Year 11 Biology Xerophytes Year 12 Biology p74 Water balance in plants Heinemann Biology Activity Manual Water conservation in plants H14 assesses the validity of conclusions from gathered data and 12.1 perform firsthand 12.2 gather firsthand 14.1 analyse 12.1b) efficiently undertaking the planned procedure to minimise hazards and wastage of re 12.1d) identifying and using safe work practices during 12.2b) measuring, observing and recording results in accessible and recognisable forms, carrying out repeat trials as appropriate and secondary data by considering various media to present data and 13.1e) using a variety of pictorial representations to show relationships and present clearly and succinctly 14.1a) identify trends, patterns and relationships as well as contradictions in data and 14.1b) justify inferences and conclusions 14.1e) make and justify generalisations 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 17/19

18 Skill 3. Plants and animals regulate the concentration of gases, water and waste products of metabolism in cells and in interstitial fluid (cont.) process and analyse and use available evidence to discuss processes used by different plants for salt regulation in saline environments library or Internet research on adaptations used for salt regulation by plants Year 12 Biology p110 Adaptations to saline conditions Heinemann Biology Activity Manual Salt regulation in plants 12.3a) accessing a range of re, including popular techniques to identify useful in 12.3c) extracting numerical data in graphs and tables as well as written and spoken material in all its forms a range of re 12.4d) evaluate the validity of first-hand and secondary data in relation to the area of and secondary data by considering various media to present data and methods to acknowledge of 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 18/19

19 Skill 3. Plants and animals regulate the concentration of gases, water and waste products of metabolism in cells and in interstitial fluid (cont.) process and analyse and use available evidence to assess the impact of urban development on the health of aquatic organisms inhabiting these waterways brainstorm effects of urban development on health of aquatic organisms library or Internet research on impact of urban development biomagnification of DDT Biology One Activity Manual p66 A little goes a long way Water Pollution p5.1 Toxic Wastes Biology Enquiries Pollution in a River Set 9 Heinemann Biology Activity Manual Healthy waterways 12.3a) accessing a range of re, including popular techniques to identify useful in 12.3c) extracting numerical data in graphs and tables as well as written and spoken material in all its forms a range of re 12.4d) evaluate the validity of first-hand and secondary data in relation to the area of and secondary data by considering various media to present data and methods to acknowledge of 15/2/01 Stage 6 Biology prepared for UniServe Science by J. Morgan 19/19

HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE TRIAL EXAMINATION BIOLOGY

James Ruse Agricultural High School 2006 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE TRIAL EXAMINATION BIOLOGY Total marks - 100 General Instructions Reading time 5 minutes Working time 3 hours Write using black or blue