Article Requirements for Electrical Installations (A) and (B) - Available Fault Current (New)

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1 Article Requirements for Electrical Installations (A) and (B) - Available Fault Current (New) Code Language. (A) Field Marking. Service equipment in other than dwelling units shall be legibly marked in the field with the maximum available fault current. The field marking(s) shall include the date the fault current calculation was performed and be of Available Fault sufficient durability to withstand the environment involved. Current 33,092 (B) Modifications. When modifications to the electrical installation occur that affect the maximum available fault current at the service, the maximum available fault current shall be verified or recalculated as necessary to ensure the service equipment ratings are sufficient for the maximum available fault current at the line terminals of the equipment. The required field marking(s) in (A) shall be adjusted to reflect the new level of maximum available fault current. Available Fault Current 33,092 Amperes Date Calculated 03/24/2011 Exception: The field marking requirements in (A) and (B) shall not be required in industrial installations where conditions of maintenance and supervision ensure that only qualified persons service the equipment. Intent of Change: This is intended to help Code enforcement authorities in determining compliance with the provisions of Sections Interrupting Rating, and Circuit Impedance and Other Characteristics. On Amperes Date Calculated 03/24/2011 Main Off 200.7(C) - Use of Insulation of a White or Gray Color or with Three Continuous White Stripes (Revised) Code Language: (C) Circuits of 50 Volts or More. The use of insulation that is white or gray or that has three continuous white stripes for other than a grounded conductor for circuits of 50 volts or more shall be permitted only as in (1) and (2). through (3). (1) If part of a cable assembly that has the insulation permanently reidentified to indicate its use as an ungrounded conductor by marking tape, painting, or other effective means at its termination and at each location where the conductor is visible and accessible. Identification shall encircle the insulation and shall be a color other than white, gray, or green. If used for single-pole, 3-way or 4-way switch loops, the reidentified conductor with white or gray insulation or three continuous white stripes shall be used only for the supply to the switch, but not as a return conductor from the switch to the outlet. Intent of Change: Emphasis on using the re-identified conductor only for supply to the switch. Re-identified conductor can only be used for the supply to the switch 1

2 Article Use and Identification of Grounded Conductors Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection for Personnel (New) Code Language: Ground-fault circuit-interruption for personnel shall be provided as required in 210.8(A) through (C). The ground-fault circuitinterrupter shall be installed in a readily accessible location. Proposers substantiation: In the case that there may be receptacles in garages and similar areas that may not be readily accessible and because it is recommended that GFCIs be tested monthly, we feel that these devices may never be tested and reset because of their location. We realize homeowners probably do not have a regular program for testing their GFCIs, but they may check them occasionally. GFCIs not in a readily accessible location, will most likely never be tested because of the extra effort to access their location. We feel that the location of the test / reset function should be in a location that is readily accessible to the occupant of the dwelling unit. Note: The definition of readily accessible is: Capable of being reached quickly for operation, renewal, or inspections without requiring those to whom ready access is requisite to climb over or remove obstacles or to resort to portable ladders, and so forth. GFCI Receptacle Location must be readily accessible 210.8(A)(7) - Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection for Personnel - Sinks (Revised) Code Language: Sinks - located in areas other than kitchens Laundry, utility, wet bar and similar sinks - where receptacles are located within 6 feet (1.8 m) of the outside edge of the sink. Proposer s substantiation: To make the text consistent with text for other than dwelling units (Section 210.(B)(5)). GFCI Laundry Sink Washer Laundry Circuit Dryer S Receptacle outlets within 6 feet (1.8 m) of the outside edge of any sink, other than kitchens, must be GFCI protected 2

3 Article Branch Circuits 210.8(B)(6) - Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection for Personnel - Indoor Wet Locations (New) Code Language: (6) Indoor wet locations. Proposer s Substantiation: Indoor locations such as car washes, food processing areas of facilities that manufacture food products, and other indoor wet locations have the same risks to users of portable appliances as outdoor locations. Car Wash GFCI Receptacle When installed in indoor wet locations, 125-volt, single-phase - and 20-ampere receptacles must be: (1) ground-fault circuit-interrupter protected (B)(6), (2) listed weather-resistant (B)(1), and (3) installed in a weather-proof (in-use) cover (B)(1) 210.8(B)(7) - Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection for Personnel - Locker Rooms (New) Code Language: Locker rooms with associated showering facilities Proposer s Substantiation: I think that a GFCI requirement is in order for locker rooms with adjacent showering facilities. The conditions that would warrant GFCI protection of receptacle outlets include, persons who are exiting the shower area walking in their bare feet, carrying wet clothes, and towels. They are entering a locker room which is constructed of tile flooring, which may be wet from other users of the showering facility, it would have a floor drain that serves to drain the wet floor. Locker Room Locker Room GFCI Shower Room Shower Room 3

4 210.8(B)(8) Article Branch Circuits - Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection for Personnel - Garages (New) Code Language: Garages, service bays, and similar areas where electrical diagnostic equipment, electrical hand tools, or portable lighting equipment are to be used. GFCI Receptacle Proposer ssubstantiation:incommercialandindustrialbuildings,wefrequentlyseean area that is used for a wide variety of tasks, including, to perform routine servicing of the companies vehicles. During these maintenance procedures, it would not be uncommon for liquids to be spilled onto the floor (usually concrete). Art. 511 is typically not invoked, because, during plan review, or even inspection, it would simply appear that this is an area with an overhead door to allow vehicles to drive into, or out of, the building, for whatever purpose. Furthermore, Art. 511 does not apply to a strictly diesel facility, since the scope of Art. 511 uses the words VOLATILE flammable liquids and diesel fuel is not a volatile liquid. Yet, the same hazards exist with diagnostic equipment, electrical hand tools, or portable lighting equipment, the potential for spilled fluids, and multiple paths to ground. With this change, you would eliminate a loop hole that has, to date, exempted quite a few areas from GFCI protection (A) - Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection Dwelling Units, Exceptions No. 1 & 2 - (Revised) Code Language: (A) All 120-volt, single phase, - and 20-ampere branch circuits supplying outlets installed in dwelling unit family rooms, dining rooms, living rooms, parlors, libraries, dens, bedrooms, sunrooms, recreation rooms, closets, hallways, or similar rooms or areas shall be protected by a listed arc-fault circuit interrupter, combination-type, installed to provide protection of the branch circuit. Exception No. 1: If RMC, IMC, EMT, Type MC, or steel armored Type AC cables meeting the requirements of and metal outlet and junction boxes are installed for the portion of the branch circuit between the branch-circuit overcurrent device and the first outlet, it shall be permitted to install an outlet branch-circuit type AFCI at the first outlet to provide protection for the remaining portion of the branch circuit. Exception No. 2: Where a listed metal or nonmetallic conduit or tubing is encased in not less than 50 mm (2 in.) of concrete for the portion of the branch circuit between the branch-circuit overcurrent device and the first outlet, it shall be permitted to install an outlet branch-circuit type AFCI at the first outlet to provide protection for the remaining portion of the branch circuit. AFCI Receptacle Intent of Change: Added new exceptions to permit these wiring methods between overcurrent device and first outlet where outlet branch-circuit type AFCI device is installed 4

5 Article Branch Circuits (B) - Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection Dwelling Units, Branch Circuit Extensions or Modifications - (New) Code Language: (B) Branch Circuit Extensions or Modifications - Dwelling Units. In any of the areas specified in (A), where branch-circuit wiring is modified, replaced, or extended, the branch circuit shall be protected by one of the following: (1) A listed combination-type AFCI located at the origin of the branch circuit (2) A listed outlet branch-circuit type AFCI located at the first receptacle outlet of the existing branch circuit. Intent of Change: To introduce and promote the installation of Arc- Fault Circuit-Interrupting receptacles (listed outlet branch circuit AFCI). AFCI Receptacle Raceways on the Exterior of Buildings or Other Structures (Revised) Code Language: Raceways on exteriors of buildings or other structures shall be arranged to drain and shall be raintight suitable for use in wet locations. Proposer s Substantiation: To correlate with the following Panel s actionon230.53duringthe 2008 NEC cycle: (1) Section 314.(A) requires that... fittings installed in wet locations shall be listed for use in wet locations, not raintight, (2) The definition of raintight in Article 100 contains unenforceable language...will not result in entrance of water under specified test conditions verifiable only for listed raceways, and (3) Raceways suitable for use in wet locations are listed for use in wet locations, not raintight. Raceways installed on the exteriors of buildings or other structures must be suitable for use in wet locations, not raintight 5

6 Article Outside Branch Circuits and Feeders Raceway Seal (New) Code Language: Where a raceway enters a building or structure from an underground distribution system, it shall be sealed in accordance with 300.5(G). Spare or unused raceways shall also be sealed. Sealants shall be identified for use with the cable insulation, shield, or other components. Proposer s Substantiation: Feeders entering buildings or other structures are no different than services. The requirements should be the same. See NEC Switchboard MSB Junction Box Underground distribution system raceways must be sealed in accordance with 300.5(G) (A) - Grouping of Disconnects, Exception (Revised) Code Language: The two to six disconnects as permitted in shall be grouped. Each disconnect shall be marked to indicate the load served. Exception: One of the two to six service disconnecting means permitted in , where used only for a water pump also intended to provide fire protection, shall be permitted to be located remote from the other disconnecting means. If remotely installed in accordance with this exception, a plaque shall be posted at the location of the remaining grouped disconnects denoting its location. Serving Utility Transformer Proposer s Substantiation: It is important to know the location of the water pump service disconnecting means. Providing information at the service disconnecting means the location of the water pump service disconnect is beneficial. Service Disconnect (Pump Panel) for Well Motor Service Disc. for Dwelling Service Disc. for Barn Meter If remotely installed for fire protection use, a plaque shall be posted at the location of the remaining grouped disconnects denoting its location. 6

7 Article Services Ex. No. 3 - Number of Service Entrance Conductor Sets (Revised) Code Language: Exception No. 3: A single-family dwelling unit and aseparatestructure(s)itsaccessory structures shall be permitted to have one set of service-entrance conductors run to each from a single service drop, set of overhead service conductors, set of underground service conductors, or service lateral. Proposer s Substantiation:It hascometomyattentionthatsomeinspectorsarepermittingonlya single separate structure to be served in this manner. The intent is to permit more than one additional structure to be served. As an example, this revision will make it clear that a detached garage and a utility building could be served with separate sets of service entrance conductors. Dwelling Service Conductors Service Conductors Garden Shed Metering Equipment Service Conductors Detached Garage Service Lateral (A) - Ampacity of Service Conductors, Exception (New) Code Language: The ampacity of the serviceentrance conductors before the application of any adjustment or correction factors shall not be less than either (A)(1) or (A)(2). Loads shall be determined in accordance with Part III, IV, or V of Article 220, as applicable. Ampacity shall be determined from 310..The maximum allowable current of busways shall be that value for which the busway has been listed or labeled. (1) The sum of the noncontinuous loads plus 125 percent of continuous loads 0 Exception: Grounded conductors that are not connected to an overcurrent device shall be permitted to be sized at 100 percent of the continuous and noncontinuous load. Proposer s Substantiation:This proposal is intended to provide consistency with the rules for sizing branch circuits and feeders in (A)(1) and 2.2(A)(1). Grounded conductor is permitted to be sized at 100 percent of the continuous and noncontinuous load Note: For clarity, the grounding electrode conductor is not shown. 7

8 Article Grounding and Bonding (C) - Grounding Separately Derived Alternating Current System, Outdoor Source (New) Code Language: If the source of the separately derived system is located outside the building or structure supplied, a grounding electrode connection shall be made at the source location to one or more grounding electrodes in compliance with In addition, the installation shall comply with (A) for grounded systems or with (B) for ungrounded systems. Exception: The grounding electrode conductor connection for impedance grounded neutral systems shall comply with or , as applicable. Intent of Change: To parallel the rules of the (A)(2) that require a grounding electrode connection for service-supplied systems. Outside source such as 12,470 volt circuit from substation, etc. Note: If the transformer is located inside the building, the standard rules of apply. Any electrode inside of building permitted by Note ,470 to 120 / 208-volt delta / wye transformer located outside of building 0 Note and System bonding jumper required at separately derived system Any electrode permitted by (A)(4) Note (A)(2) for supplemental electrodes Equipment grounding conductor if overcurrent protection is provided at source (B)(2)(a), or supply-side bonding jumper if overcurrent protection is not provided at the source (B)(2)(b) 8

9 Article Grounding and Bonding (A)(1) - Metal Underground Water Pipe (Revised) Code Language: Ametalundergroundwaterpipeindirectcontactwiththeearthfor3.0m(10ft)ormore (including any metal well casing bonded to the pipe) and electrically continuous (or made electrically continuous by bonding around insulating joints or insulating pipe) to the points of connection of the grounding electrode conductor and the bonding conductor(s) or jumper(s) if installed. Interior metal water piping located more than 1.52 m (5 ft) from the point of entrance to the building shall not be used as a part of the grounding electrode system or as a conductor to interconnect electrodes that are part of the grounding electrode system. Exception: In industrial, commercial, and institutional buildings or structures where conditions of maintenance and supervision ensure that only qualified persons service the installation, interior metal water piping located more than 1.52 m (5 ft) from the point of entrance to the building shall be permitted as apartofthegroundingelectrodesystemorasaconductortointerconnectelectrodesthatarepartofthe grounding electrode system, provided that the entire length, other than short sections passing perpendicularly through walls, floors, or ceilings, of the interior metal water pipe that is being used for the conductor is exposed. Proposer s Substantiation:Section (A) intends to describe the condition(s) under which a metallic object in the form of metal water pipe is recognized as a grounding electrode. The portions of this subsection proposed to be deleted relate to functions of the water pipe that do not relate to making a connection to the earth. Metallic water pipes located above the earth may function as a conductive path or a grounding electrode conductor but cannot be considered a part of a grounding electrode. or jumper(s) if installed is proposed to be added as bonding jumpers or conductors are not always installed. Not part of the grounding electrode Water meter, back flow preventer, etc. Grounding electrode 9

10 Article Grounding and Bonding (A)(2) - Metal Frame of Building or Structure (Revised) Code Language: The metal frame of the building or structure that is connected to the earth by one or more of the following methods: (1) At least one 3.0 m (10 ft) or more of a single structural metal member that is in direct contact with the earth for 3.0 m (10 ft) or more, with or without concrete encasement. encased in concrete that is in direct contact with the earth (2) Hold-down bolts securing Connecting the structural steel column that are connected to metal frame to the reinforcing bars of a concrete-encased electrode that complies with as provided in (A)(3) and is located in the support footing or foundation. or ground ring as provided in (A)(4) The hold-down bolts shall be connected to the concrete encased electrode by welding, exothermic welding, the usual steel tie wires, or other approved means. (3) Bonding the structural metal frame to one or more of the grounding electrodes as defined in (A)(5) or (A)(7) that comply with (4) Other approved means of establishing a connection to earth Proposer s Substantiation: This is meant to clarify where the metal frame of a building or structure is actually an electrode and remove existing language contained in (A)(2) that allows the metal frame to act as an electrode when in fact it is acting as a bonding jumper and part of the grounding electrode conductor in attaching the electrical systems grounded conductor to a concrete encased electrode or ground ring as in current subsection (A)(2)(2), or to a rod, pipe, or plate electrode as in current subsection(a)(2)(3). It makes little sense to have a 400-ampere rated service with 500 kcmil copper ungrounded service conductors be attached to the metal frame of a building with a 1/0 copper grounding electrode conductor when the basis for the metal frame being an electrode is a 6 AWG copper grounding electrode conductor that runs between an ungrounded metal frame and a ground rod, pipe, or plate electrode as permitted in (A)(2)(3). This same principle applies in the application of allowing an ungrounded metal frame to be declared grounded when a 4 AWG from a concrete encased electrode or a 2 AWG from a ground ring electrode is used to support the steel frame as an electrode when a larger than 4 AWG copper or 2 AWG copper grounding electrode conductor is required because of the size of the ungrounded service conductors. Structural Metal Member Finished Floor Hold-Down Bolts Fill Sand Weld, Exothermic Weld, Usual Steel Tie Wire, or Other Approved Means Footing 10 Concrete Encased Electrode (A)(3)

11 Article Grounding and Bonding (A)(3) - Concrete-Encased Electrode (Revised) Code Language: Concrete-Encased Electrode. Aconcrete-encasedelectrodeshallconsistofatleast 6.0m (20 ft) of either (1) or (2): (1) An electrode encased by at least 50 mm (2 in.) of concrete, located horizontally near the bottom or vertically, and within that portion of a concrete foundation or footing that is in direct contact with the earth, consisting of at least 6.0 m (20 ft) of One or more bare or zinc galvanized or other electrically conductive coated steel reinforcing bars or rods of not less than 13 mm (1/2 in.) in diameter, installed in one continuous 6.0 m (20 ft) length, or if in multiple pieces connected together by the usual steel tie wires, exothermic welding, or other effective means to create a 6.0 m (20 ft) or greater length; or consisting of at least 6.0 m (20 ft) of bare copper conductor not smaller than 4AWG. Reinforcing bars shall be permitted to be bonded together by the usual steel tie wires or other effective means. (2) Bare copper not smaller than 4AWG. Metallic components shall be encased by at least 50 mm (2 in.) of concrete and shall be located horizontally within that portion of a concrete foundation or footing that is direct contact with the earth or within vertical foundations or structural components or members that are in direct contact with the earth. Where If multiple concrete-encased electrodes are present at a building or structure, it shall be permissible to bond only one into the grounding electrode system. Informational Note: Concrete installed with insulation, vapor barriers, films or similar items, separating the concrete from the earth is not considered to be in direct contact with the earth. Proposer s Substantiation: Anewsubsectionisproposedtocoverthelocationrequirementsof concrete-encased electrodes. This will make the requirements more user-friendly. Changes are proposed to add requirements on how to create the minimum 20-ft length of concrete-encased electrode. Methods of connecting lengths of reinforcing steel together are outside the scope of the NEC and thus this section should recognize the building or structural code for those requirements. One or more conductive steel reinforcing bars or rods not less than ½ inch ( 13 mm) in diameter or bare copper not smaller than 4 AWG Weld, exothermic weld, usual steel tie wire, or other effective means Vertical Foundation 20 Feet (6.0 m) or greater length Footing Concrete installed with insulation, vapor barriers, films, or similar items, separating the concrete from the earth is not considered in direct contact with the earth 11

12 Article Grounding and Bonding (A) - Rod, Pipe, and Plate Electrodes (Revised) Code Language: (A) Rod, Pipe, and Plate Electrodes. Rod, pipe and plate electrodes shall meet the requirements of (A)(1) through (A)(3) (1) Below Permanent Moisture Level.IfWhere practicable,rod,pipe,andplateelectrodesshallbe embedded below permanent moisture level. Rod, pipe, and plate electrodes shall be free from nonconductive coatings such as paint or enamel. (2) Supplemental Electrode Required. Asinglerod,pipeorplateelectrodeshallbesupplementedby an additional electrode of a type specified in (A)(2) through (A)(8). The supplemental electrode shall be permitted to be bonded to one of the following: (1) Rod, pipe or plate electrode (2) Grounding electrode conductor (3) Grounded service-entrance conductor (4) Nonflexible grounded service raceway (5) Any grounded service enclosure Exception: If a single rod, pipe, or plate grounding electrode has a resistance to earth of 25 ohms or less, the supplemental electrode shall not be required. (3) Supplemental Electrode. If multiple rod, pipe, or plate electrodes are installed to meet the requirements of this section, they shall not be less than 1.8 m (6 ft) apart. FPN: The paralleling efficiency of rods longer than 2.5 m (8 ft) is improved by spacing greater than 1.8 m (6 ft). Informational Note: The paralleling efficiency of rods is increased by spacing them twice the length of the longest rod. CMP-5 ssubstantiation: CMP-5 has received proposals related to Section over several revision cycles. The common thread that resonates in the substantiation for these proposals is that the current text of Section is confusing and can result in misapplication of the requirement. At this point CMP-5 has concluded that the substantiation accompanying any of these proposals does not warrant complete removal of the long-standing 25 ohm requirement from the Code. To that end, the panel has relocated the 25 ohm provision from Section to an exception in a revised Section (A) covering the installation requirements for rod, pipe, and plate grounding electrodes. This relocation and revision should resolve many of the usability concerns cited in this and other proposals. Single rod, pipe, and plate electrodes must be supplemented by an additional type of electrode as specified in (A)(2) through (A)(8) Exception: If a single rod, pipe, or plate grounding electrode has a resistance to earth of 25 ohms or less, the supplemental electrode shall not be required. 12

13 Article Grounding and Bonding (D)(2) - Metal Underground Water Pipe, Supplemental Electrode Required (Revised) Code Language: Supplemental Electrode Required. Ametalundergroundwaterpipeshall be supplemented by an additional electrode of a type specified in (A)(2) through (A)(8). Where If the supplemental electrode is of the rod, pipe, or plate type, it shall comply with (A). The supplemental electrode shall be permitted to be bonded to one of the following: (1) Grounding electrode conductor (2) the Grounded service-entrance conductor (3) the Nonflexible grounded service raceway (4) or Any grounded service enclosure (5) As provided by (B) Exception: The supplemental electrode shall be permitted to be bonded to the interior metal water piping at any convenient point as covered in (A)(1) (C)(1), Exception. Proposer ssubstantiation: Oneprimarypurposeoftheproposalistorequiretheconnection of the supplemental grounding electrode to one of the acceptable points rather than the existing permissive language. The permissive phrase shall be permitted to be bonded to needs to be deleted so the connections are required to be made at one of the locations specified. The section needs to point to (B) as the location of connection needs to comply with that section at buildings or structures supplied by a feeder or branch circuit. Supplemental Electrode Not less than 6 feet (1.8 m) apart 13

14 Article Grounding and Bonding (C) - Grounding Electrode Conductor and Bonding Jumper Connection to Grounding Electrodes, Metallic Water Pipe and Structural Metal (New with Relocated Sections) Code Language: Grounding electrode conductors and bonding jumpers shall be permitted to be connected at the following locations and used to extend the connection to an electrode(s): (1) Interior metal water piping located not more than 1.52 m (5 ft) from the point of entrance to the building shall be permitted to be used as a conductor to interconnect electrodes that are part of the grounding electrode system. [Relocated from (A)(1), 2008 NEC ] Exception: In industrial, commercial, and institutional buildings or structures, if conditions of maintenance and supervision ensure that only qualified persons service the installation, interior metal water piping located more than 1.52 m (5 ft) from the point of entrance to the building shall be permitted as a bonding conductor to interconnect electrodes that are part of the grounding electrode system, or as a grounding electrode conductor, if the entire length, other than short sections passing perpendicularly through walls, floors, or ceilings, of the interior metal water pipe that is being used for the conductor is exposed. [Relocated from (A)(1) Exception, 2008 NEC ] (2) The structural frame of a building that is directly connected to a grounding electrode as specified in (A)(2) or (C)(2)(a), (b), or (c) shall be permitted as a bonding conductor to interconnect electrodes that are part of the grounding electrode system, or as a grounding electrode conductor. a. By connecting the structural metal frame to the reinforcing bars of a concrete-encased electrode, as provided in (A)(3), or ground ring as provided in (A)(4) [Relocated from (A)( 2(2) ), 2008 NEC ] b. By bonding the structural metal frame to one or more of the grounding electrodes, as specified in (A)(5) or (A)(7), that comply with (2) [Relocated from (A)(2)( 3), 2008 NEC ] c. By other approved means of establishing a connection to earth [Relocated from (A)(2)( 4), 2008 NEC ] Proposer s Substantiation: This text is being proposed as being deleted from and relocated here because items that are not in the earth should not be considered to be electrodes but can be used as aconductortocreateapathtotheelectrode. Danger V Dry Transformer Grounding Electrode Conductor On Off Main Concrete-Encased Electrode 14

15 Article Wiring Methods 300.4(E) - Cables, Raceways, or Boxes Installed In or Under Roof Decking (Revised) Code Language: Acable, or raceway, or box,installedinexposedorconcealedlocationsundermetal- corrugated sheet roof decking, shall be installed and supported so the nearest outside surface of the cable or raceway there is not less than 38 mm (1½ in.) measured from the lowest surface of the roof decking to the top of the cable, raceway, or box. A cable, raceway, or box shall not be installed in concealed locations in metal-corrugated, sheet decking type roof. Informational Note: Roof decking material is often repaired or replaced after the initial raceway or cabling and roofing installation and may be penetrated by the screws or other mechanical devices designed to provide hold down strength of the water-proof membrane or roof insulating material. Exception: Rigid metal conduit and intermediate metal conduit shall not be required to comply with 300.4(E). Proposer ssubstantiation: Boxes are exposed to the same damage as the cables and raceways are. This also true when cables or raceways are installed on top of the metal-corrugated sheet decking before the insulation material is installed. Maintain 1½ inch spacing from roof decking unless using RMC or IMC raceways 300.4(H) - Structural Joints (New) Code Language: (H) Structural Joints. Alistedexpansion/deflectionfittingorotherapprovedmeans shall be used where a raceway crosses a structural joint intended for expansion, contraction or deflection, used in buildings, bridges, parking garages, or other structures. Proposer ssubstantiation: Add a new Section 300.4(H) Structural Construction Joints. Raceways are damaged when improperly installed in structural construction joints leaving conductors or cables exposed. Structural construction joints will experience shear and lateral loads due to gravity, expansion and contraction and movement of the structure. This new section will emphasize that a raceway can be damaged if improperly installed in a construction joint and will be a tool for the electrical inspector to ensure the proper installation of electrical raceways. Currently there are expansion/deflection fittings on the market, in addition, the language in the new section allows for other approved means. Structural Joint Expansion / deflection fitting, or other approved means

16 Article Wiring Methods (A)(2) - Non-Fire-Rated Assemblies (Revised) Code Language: Non-Fire-Rated Assemblies. Wiring located within the cavity of a non fire-rated floor-ceiling or roof-ceiling assembly shall not be secured to, or supported by, the ceiling assembly, including the ceiling support wires. An independent means of secure support shall be provided and shall be permitted to be attached to the assembly. Where independent support wires are used, they shall be distinguishable by color, tagging, or other effective means. Proposer s Substantiation: As an inspector, how do I know which support wires are being used to support ceiling assemblies and which are being used to support electrical piping cables-boxes. Independent support means must be distinguished by color, tagging, etc. Non-Fire-Rated Ceiling Assembly 310.(B) - Ampacities for Conductors Rated Volts, Tables, (New) Code Language: Tables.The temperature correction and adjustment factors shall be permitted to be applied to the ampacity for the temperature rating of the conductor, if the corrected and adjusted ampacity does not exceed the ampacity for the temperature rating of the termination in accordance with the provisions of (C). Proposer ssubstantiation:this will clarify that the ampacity for the temperature rating of the conductor may be used for application of the temperature correction and adjustment factors but the lower of the corrected and adjusted ampacity or the ampacity for the temperature rating of the conductor must be used. When the equipment label states Use 75 C Copper or Aluminum Main or Neutral Conductors, the maximum conductor ampacity is selected from the 75 C column of Table 310.(B)(16) 0 The 90 C rating of a conductor such as THHN is permitted to be used for derating and used as long as it doesn t exceed the 75ºC temperature rating of the equipment 16

17 Article Cabinets, Cutout Boxes, and Meter Socket Enclosures Switch and Overcurrent Device Enclosures with Splices, Taps, and Feed-Through Conductors (Revised) Code Language: Switch and Overcurrent Device Enclosures with Splices, Taps, and Feed-Through Conductors. The wiring space of enclosures for switches or overcurrent devices shall not be used as junction boxes, auxiliary gutters, or raceways be permitted for conductors feeding through, spliced, or tapping off to other enclosures, switches, or overcurrent devices where all of the following conditions are met:,unlessadequatespaceforthispurposeisprovided.the conductors shall not fill the wiring space at any cross section to more than 40 percent of the cross-sectional area of the space, and the conductors, splices, and taps shall not fill the wiring space at any cross section t o more than 75 percent of the cross-sectional area of that space: (1) The total of all conductors installed at any cross section of the wiring space does not exceed 40 percent of the cross-sectional area of that space. (2) The total area of all conductors, splices, and taps installed at any cross section of the wiring space does not exceed 75 percent of the cross-sectional area of that space. (3) A warning label is applied to the enclosure that identifies the closest disconnecting means for any feed through conductors. Proposer s Substantiation: The current text has a first sentence that says you cannot use the space unless adequate space is provided and then the adequate space is described in the second sentence. It would appear to be much more straightforward to simply state the rule to indicate that you can do feedthru conductors, splices or taps if you meet specific requirements. 0 Enclosures are permitted to contain splices, taps, and feed-through conductors (C) - Boxes at Ceiling-Suspended (Paddle) Fan Outlets. (Revised) Code Language: (C) Boxes at Ceiling-Suspended (Paddle) Fan Outlets. Outlet boxes or outlet box systems used as the sole support of a ceiling-suspended (paddle) fan shall be listed, shall be marked by their manufacturer as suitable for this purpose, and shall not support ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans that weigh more than 32 kg (70 lb). For outlet boxes or outlet box systems designed to support ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans that weigh more than 16 kg (35 lb), the required marking shall include the maximum weight to be supported. Where spare, separately switched, ungrounded conductors are provided to a ceiling mounted outlet box, in a location acceptable for a ceiling-suspended (paddle) fan in single or multi-family dwellings, the outlet box or outlet box system shall be listed for sole support of a ceiling suspended (paddle) fan. Proposer ssubstantiation: Many new homes are built with multiple wired switches that accommodate future installation of fans with luminaire kits. Since standard luminaires are installed in standard boxes, the homeowner, when replacing the luminaire with a fan, very likely will not know to replace the standard box with a ceiling box rated for support of a fan and luminaire kit. 17

18 Article Outdoor Overhead Conductors Over 600 Volts 404.2(C) - Switches Controlling Lighting Loads (New) Code Language: Switches Controlling Lighting Loads. Where switches control lighting loads supplied by a grounded general purpose branch circuit, the grounded circuit conductor for the controlled lighting circuit shall be provided at the switch location W/Grd Exception: The grounded circuit conductor shall be permitted to be omitted from the switch enclosure where either of the following conditions in (1) or (2) apply: (1) Conductors for switches controlling lighting loads enter the box through a raceway. The raceway shall have sufficient cross-sectional area to accommodate the extension of the grounded circuit conductor of the lighting circuit to the switch location whether or not the conductors in the raceway are required to be increased in size to comply with 310.(B)(3)(a) W/Grd Grounded conductor for future electronic control devices (2) Cable assemblies for switches controlling lighting loads enter the box through a framing cavity that is open at the top or bottom on the same floor level, or through a wall, floor, or ceiling that is unfinished on one side. Informational Note: The provision for a (future) grounded conductor is to complete a circuit path for electronic lighting control devices. 18

19 Article Receptacles, Cord Connectors, and Attachment Plugs (Caps) 406.4(D)(4) - General Installation Requirements, Replacements, Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection (New) Code Language: (4) Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection. Where a receptacle outlet is supplied by a branch circuit that requires arc-fault circuit interrupter protection as specified elsewhere in this Code, a replacement receptacle at this outlet shall be one of the following: (1) A listed outlet branch circuit type arc-fault circuit interrupter receptacle (2) A receptacle protected by a listed outlet branch circuit type arc-fault circuit interrupter type receptacle (3) A receptacle protected by a listed combination type arc-fault circuit interrupter type circuit breaker AFCI Receptacle This requirement becomes effective January 1, Proposer s Substantiation:The benefits of have been well substantiated over the last few NEC cycles, but it is highly unlikely that the fire-reducing provisions of will ever result in AFCI protection for existing dwelling units unless branch-circuit circuit breakers are replaced or the service is upgraded. There is no practical reason to limit the level of safety provided by anafci to new homes only. This proposal will provide that extra protection for older homes by requiring the gradual replacement, over time, of non-afci-protected receptacles with new AFCI-protected ones. Arc-fault circuit-interrupter protection shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code. Effective January 1, (D)(5) - General Installation Requirements, Replacements, Tamper Resistant Receptacles (New) Code Language: (5) Tamper-Resistant Receptacles. Listed tamper-resistant receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be tamper-resistant elsewhere in this Code. Proposer s Substantiation:Substantiation brought forth by CPSC (ROP 18-40) for the 2008 NEC revealed the high number of injuries to small children from inserting metal objects into receptacle outlets. Many first time home buyers are younger individuals moving into existing dwellings that have or will have young children in the future. As a minimum existing dwelling being either bought or sold usually receive a fresh coat of paint, along with new device outlets and luminaires. Requiring tamper-resistant outlets at the time of replacement will insure child safety for many more years to come. TR Listed tamper-resistant receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code. 19

20 Article Receptacles, Cord Connectors, and Attachment Plugs (Caps) 406.4(D)(6) - General Installation Requirements, Replacements, Weather-Resistant Receptacles (New) Code Language: (6) Weather-Resistant Receptacles. Weatherresistant receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code. Proposer s Substantiation:Without the requirement for weatherresistant receptacles to be installed at the time of replacement, ordinary receptacles will be installed and subjected to the same failures as the receptacles they were replacing in the first place. WR Weather-resistant receptacles shall be provided where replacements are made at receptacle outlets that are required to be so protected elsewhere in this Code (B)(1) - Receptacles in Damp or Wet Locations, Wet Locations (Revised) Code Language: (1) - and 20-Ampere Receptacles in a Wet Location. - and 20- ampere, 125- and 250-volt receptacles installed in a wet location shall have an enclosure that is weatherproof whether or not the attachment plug cap is inserted. For other than one- or two-family dwellings, an outlet box hood installed for this purpose shall be listed, and where installed on an enclosure supported from grade as described in (B) or as described in (F) shall be identified as extra-duty. All - and 20- ampere, 125- and 250-volt nonlocking-type receptacles shall be listed weather-resistant type. Proposer s Substantiation: The purpose of this proposal is to require outlet box hoods that are part of a weatherproof enclosure to have extra duty durability when the enclosure is mounted on an independent free standing post, stanchion, pillar, conduit, metal, polymeric, wood brace, or other rigid support. With enclosures supported from grade as described in Section (B) and enclosures with enclosed devices supported as described in Section (F). and 20 ampere, 125 and 250 volt receptacles installed in such free standing enclosures in a wet location are presently required to comply with the requirements in Section 406.5(B) but are often subject to greater physical abuse. Extra-duty cover required when installed on a free standing post, stanchion, pillar, conduit, polymeric, wood brace of other rigid support 20

21 Article Receptacles, Cord Connectors, and Attachment Plugs (Caps) Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Dwelling Units (Revised) Code Language: Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Dwelling Units. In all areas specified in , all nonlocking-type 125-volt, - and 20-ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. Exception: Receptacles in the following locations shall not be required to be tamper-resistant: TR (1) Receptacles located more than 1.7 m (5½ ft) above the floor. (2) Receptacles that are part of a luminaire or appliance. (3) A single receptacle or a duplex receptacle for two appliances located within dedicated space for each appliance that, in normal use, is not easily moved from one place to another and that is cord-and-plug connected in accordance with 400.7(A)(6), (A)(7), or (A)(8). Tamper-resistant receptacle (4) Nongrounding receptacles used for replacements as permitted in 406.4(D)(2)(a). Proposer ssubstantiation: Reduce cost Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Guest Rooms and Guest Suites (New) Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Child Care Facilities (New) Code Language: Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Guest Rooms and Guest Suites. All nonlocking-type, 125-volt, - and 20-ampere receptacles located in guest rooms and guest suites shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. Proposer s Substantiation: Requires listed tamper resistant receptacles in all areas specified in for dwelling units to increase the level of safety for children requires guest rooms or guest suites in hotels, motels, sleeping rooms in dormitories, and similar occupancies to have receptacle outlets installed in accordance with These locations are also likely to be occupied by children and should require the same level of protection. People will come to expect this level of safety for their children when occupying these facilities. Code Language: Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Child Care Facilities. In all child care facilities, all nonlocking-type, 125-volt, - and 20- ampere receptacles shall be listed tamper-resistant receptacles. TR Tamper-resistant receptacle Proposer ssubstantiation:children in child care facilities have ready access to electrical receptacles and the same potential hazard for electrical burns and shock exists if a child inserts aforeignobjectintoareceptacle.thesamelevelofprotectionrequiredbythecodeinpediatriccare areas and in dwellings should be provided for children in child care facilities. 21

22 Article Switchboards and Panelboards Article 408.4(B) - Switchboards and Panelboards Field Identification Required, Source of Supply (New) Code Language: (B) Source of Supply. All switchboards and panelboards supplied by a feeder in other than one- or two-family dwellings shall be marked to indicate the device or equipment where the power supply originates. Proposer s Substantiation: In many commercial and industrial occupancies, where there are many panelboards and switchboards located throughout the building and/or premises, making it difficult at times to locate the circuit breaker, main distribution panel, or fused disconnect which supplies the individual panelboard or switchboard. In many engineered jobs, this type of labeling already takes place through the specifications the electrical engineer has written up for the electrical contractor to follow. This practice enhances safety for the people who service the equipment, it will save time locating the circuit breaker in the case of an emergency and when normal maintenance is performed. Source of Supply Panel MDP Luminaires, Lampholders, and Lamps, Luminaires as Raceways (Revised) Code Language: Luminaires as Raceways. Luminaires shall not be used as a raceway for circuit conductors unless they comply with (A), (B), or (C). (A) Listed. Luminaires listed and marked for use as a raceway shall be permitted to be used as a raceway. (B) Through-Wiring. Luminaires identified for through -wiring, as permitted by , shall be permitted to be used as a raceway. (C) Luminaires Connected Together. Luminaires designed for end-to-end connection to form a continuous assembly, or luminaires connected together by recognized wiring methods, shall be permitted to contain the conductors of a 2-wire branch circuit, or one multiwire branch circuit, supplying the connected luminaires and shall not be required to be listed as a raceway. One additional 2-wire branch circuit separately supplying one or more of the connected luminaires shall also be permitted. Proposer ssubstantiation: If you are installing luminaires and are thinking about running the circuit(s) through the luminaire, you would go to the code book and find your answer in section At this point, because there are no exceptions to the user has no reason to read additional code sections. If the text that is now found in were to be an exception, then the user would have reason to read that text and find out that there are, in fact, cases where you are permitted to use the luminaire as a raceway. 22

23 Article Luminaires, Lampholders, and Lamps (G)(1) - Luminaires, Lampholders, and Lamps, Disconnecting Means (Revised) Code Language: (G) Disconnecting Means. (1) General In indoor locations other than dwellings and associated accessory structures, fluorescent luminaires that utilize double-ended lamps and contain ballast(s) that can be serviced in place shall have a disconnecting means either internal or external to each luminaire. For existing installed luminaires without disconnecting means, at the time a ballast is replaced, a disconnecting means shall be installed. The line side terminals of the disconnecting means shall be guarded. Disconnecting Means Proposer s Substantiation: Disconnecting means provide a safe working environment for the electrician. It can be added easily at the time a ballast is replaced and will provide a safer installation of the next ballast replacement. There are several ballast disconnecting components available that can be easily installed during ballast replacement. Per Article 100, the words in sight of mean within 50 feet. This is too far for a safe replacement. The disconnecting means shall be easily accessible to the electrician (G) Agricultural Buildings, Wiring Methods Receptacles (Revised) Code Language: All 125-volt, single-phase, - and 20-ampere general-purpose receptacles installed in the following locations listed in (1) through (4) shall have ground-fault circuit-interrupter protection for personnel: (1) In areas having an equipotential plane (2) Outdoors (3) Damp or wet locations (4) Dirt confinement areas for livestock GFCI protection shall not be required for an accessible receptacle supplying a dedicated load where a GFCI protected receptacle is located with 3 feet (900 mm) of the non-gfci receptacle. Proposer ssubstantiation: This new allowance that was added to the 2008 NEC flies in the face of the general rules for GFCI-protection discussed in Because equipment that is functioning correctly should operate fine on a GFCIprotected outlet, there is no reason for this allowance. A GFCI doesn t open until the circuit has a leakage current of 4-6mA, and, considering that listed equipment should have no more than 0.5mA of leakage current, this allowance just doesn t makeanysense. 23

24 Article Agricultural Buildings 547.9( DE) - Agricultural Buildings, Site Isolating Device Marking, Identification (Revised) Code Language: Where a site is supplied by more than one distribution point, service with any two services located a distance of 500 feet (0 m) or less apart, as measured in a straight line, a permanent plaque or directory shall be installed at each of these distribution points denoting the location of each of the other distribution points and the building or structures served by each. Proposer s Substantiation: The provision should apply whether or not the services are within 500 ft of each other; if located 510 ft apart the requirement does not apply. On large area premises wiring from multiple services may enter areas served by more than one service. Distribution Point Permanent plaque or directory is required at each distribution point Distribution Point (B) - Agricultural Buildings, Equipotential Planes and Bonding or Equipotential Planes, Bonding (Revised) Code Language: Equipotential planes shall be connected to the electrical grounding system. The bonding conductor shall be solid copper, insulated, covered or bare, and not smaller than 8 AWG. The means of bonding to wire mesh or conductive elements shall be by pressure connectors or clamps of brass, copper, copper alloy, or an equally substantial approved means. Slatted floors that are supported by structures that are a part of an equipotential plane shall not require bonding. Proposer ssubstantiation: By adding the word solid this promotes consistency with sections and that currently require a #8 solid AWG copper conductor be used for equipotential bonding. In addition to consistency with other sections of the NEC, the solid conductor will be able to better withstand the harsh environment created by the containment of livestock Equipotential plane must be connected to the electrical grounding system with an 8AWG solid copper conductor Stock tank with Submersible heater 24